Third party officeholders in the United States
Third-party officeholders in the United States have been rare during the country's existence. Since 1856, the United States has had two major political parties: The Democratic Party and the Republican Party. The list below includes anyone who, while holding office as a U.S. Senator since the beginning of the Reconstruction era, was affiliated with a third party. Linked below are similar lists of U.S. Representatives, governors, and state legislators.
Third-party members of the United States Senate
Senator | State | Electoral history | Years in office |
---|---|---|---|
![]() Joseph S. Fowler |
Tennessee | Elected as an Unconditional Unionist in 1866, became a Republican by 1867 | 1866–1871 |
![]() David T. Patterson |
Tennessee | Elected as a Unionist in 1866, became a Republican by 1867 | 1866–1869 |
![]() Charles Sumner |
Massachusetts | Elected as Free Soil Democratic in 1851, became a Republican in 1855, then became a Liberal Republican in 1872 | 1851–1874 |
![]() Morgan C. Hamilton |
Texas | Switched from Republican to Liberal Republican in 1872, switched back to Republican in 1875 | 1870–1877 |
![]() Orris S. Ferry |
Connecticut | Elected as a Liberal Republican in 1872 | 1867–1875 |
![]() Newton Booth |
California | Elected as an Anti-Monopolist, served as an Ind. Republican | 1875–1881 |
![]() William Mahone |
Virginia | Elected as a Readjuster | 1881–1887 |
![]() Harrison H. Riddleberger |
Virginia | Elected as a Readjuster | 1883–1889 |
![]() William A. Peffer |
Kansas | Elected as a Populist | 1891–1897 |
![]() Marion Butler |
North Carolina | Elected as a Populist | 1895–1901 |
![]() James H. Kyle |
South Dakota | Elected as a Populist | 1891–1901 |
![]() William V. Allen |
Nebraska | Elected as a Populist | 1893–1901 |
![]() William M. Stewart |
Nevada | Switched from Republican to Silver in 1893, then back to Republican in 1901 | 1887–1905 |
![]() John P. Jones |
Nevada | Switched from Republican to Silver in 1895, then back to Republican in 1901 | 1873–1903 |
![]() Lee Mantle |
Montana | Switched from Republican to Silver Republican in 1896 | 1895–1899 |
![]() Richard F. Pettigrew |
South Dakota | Switched from Republican to Silver Republican in 1896 | 1889–1901 |
![]() Frank J. Cannon |
Utah | Switched from Republican to Silver Republican in 1896 | 1896–1899 |
![]() Fred Dubois |
Idaho | Switched from Republican to Silver Republican in 1896 | 1891–1897 |
![]() Henry Moore Teller |
Colorado | Switched from Republican to Silver Republican in 1896, then to Democratic in 1903 | 1876–1909 |
![]() William A. Harris |
Kansas | Elected as a Populist | 1897–1903 |
![]() Henry Heitfeld |
Idaho | Elected as a Populist | 1897–1903 |
![]() Joseph M. Dixon |
Montana | Switched from Republican to Progressive in 1912 | 1907–1913 |
![]() Miles Poindexter |
Washington | Switched from Republican to Progressive in 1912, switched back to Republican in 1915 | 1911–1923 |
![]() Henrik Shipstead |
Minnesota | Elected as Farmer-Labor, switched to Republican in 1940 | 1923–1947 |
![]() Magnus Johnson |
Minnesota | Elected as Farmer-Labor | 1923–1925 |
![]() Robert M. La Follette |
Wisconsin | Switched from Republican to Progressive in 1934, then back to Republican in 1946 | 1925–1947 |
![]() Elmer Austin Benson |
Minnesota | Elected as Farmer-Labor | 1935–1936 |
![]() Ernest Lundeen |
Minnesota | Elected as Farmer-Labor | 1937–1940 |
![]() James L. Buckley |
New York | Elected as a Conservative, lost re-election as a Republican in 1976 | 1971–1977 |
![]() Dean Barkley |
Minnesota | Appointed for Independence Party of Minnesota | 2002–2003 |
![]() Joe Lieberman |
Connecticut | Re-elected on the Connecticut for Lieberman ticket after losing the 2006 Democratic nomination. | 1989–2013 |
Third-party members of the United States House of Representatives
Third-party United States governors
Third-party members of state legislatures in the United States
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References
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