Southern Sorsogon language

Southern Sorsogon (also Waray Sorsogon, Gubat, Ginubatnon) is an Austronesian language spoken in the southern part of Sorsogon, Philippines, in the municipalities of Gubat, Barcelona, Bulusan, Santa Magdalena, Matnog, Bulan, and Irosin.[3] Although located in the Bicol Region, Southern Sorsogon belongs to the Bisayan subgroup, and is closely related to Waray which is spoken to the south on the neighboring island of Samar.[4] The other two Bisayan languages spoken in the Bicol Region are Masbate Sorsogon and Masbateño.

Southern Sorsogon
Waray Sorsogon, Gubat
Native to	Philippines
Region	Sorsogon
Native speakers	(185,000 cited 1975 census)[1]
Language family	Austronesian Malayo-Polynesian Philippine Central Philippine Bisayan Central Bisayan Warayan Southern Sorsogon
Language codes
ISO 639-3	srv
Glottolog	wara1299  Waray Sorsogon[2]

Phonology

Southern Sorsogon has the following phoneme inventory:[4]

Vowels

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i		u
Open		a

Consonants

		Labial	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Plosive	voiceless	p	t		k	ʔ
	voiced	b	d		ɡ
Fricative			s			h
Nasal		m	n		ŋ
Lateral			l
Trill			r
Semivowel		w		j

Grammar

Personal pronouns

Southern Sorsogon has three pronoun sets.[4]

	nominative	genitive	oblique
1st person singular	aku	ku	akuʔ
2nd person singular	ikaw, ka	mu	imu
3rd person singular	siya	niya	kaniya
1st person plural inclusive	kita	ta	atuʔ
1st person plural exclusive	kami	mi	amuʔ
2nd person plural	kamu	niyu	iyu
3rd person plural	sira	nira	kanira

Verbs

Verbs in Southern Sorsogon are inflected for focus and aspect.[5]

	completed	progressive	anticipative	infinitive	imperative
Actor focus	nag-/⟨un⟩ naN-	nag-CV- naN-CV-	má- maN-CV-	mag-/⟨un⟩ maN-	pag-/∅ paN-
Patient focus	⟨in⟩	C⟨in⟩V-	CV- -un	-un	-a
Locative focus	⟨in⟩ -an	C⟨in⟩V- -an	CV- -an	-an	-i
Instrument focus	⟨in⟩	C⟨in⟩V-	i-CV-	i-	-an

References

1. Southern Sorsogon at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
2. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Waray Sorsogon". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
3. MacFarland, Curtis D. (1974). The dialects of the Bikol area (Ph.D. dissertation). University of New Haven.
4. Zorc, David Paul (1977). The Bisayan Dialects of the Philippines: Subgrouping and Reconstruction. Canberra, Australia: Dept. of Linguistics, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University. doi:10.15144/PL-C44. ISBN 0858831570.
5. Escalante, Antonio H. (1996). "A Study of South Sorsogon Verbs". In Ernesto A. Constantatino (ed.). Three Studies on Philippine Morphology. The Archive, Publication 11. Diliman: University of the Philippines. pp. 139–230.