List of strikes
The following is a list of specific strikes (workers refusing to work in an attempt to change their conditions in a particular industry or an individual workplace, or in solidarity with those in another particular workplace) and general strikes (widespread refusal of workers to work in an organized political campaign on a broader national or international level).
Chronological list of strikes
Seventeenth century
Part of a series on |
Organized labour |
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Labour movement
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Academic disciplines |
Date | Strike | Place | Country |
---|---|---|---|
1619 | Polish craftsmen strike | Jamestown | Thirteen Colonies |
1661 | Indentured Servants' Plot | Virginia colony | Thirteen Colonies |
Eighteenth century
Date | Strike | Place | Country |
---|---|---|---|
1766 | Silver Miners' Strike | Mineral del Monte | Mexico |
1787 | Weavers Strike | Calton, Glasgow | Scotland |
Nineteenth century
1800–1849
Date | Strike | Place | Country |
---|---|---|---|
1835 | General Strike | Philadelphia | United States |
1835 | Textile Strike | Paterson, New Jersey | United States |
1850–1899
Twentieth century
1900s
Date | Strike | Place | Country |
---|---|---|---|
1900 | St. Louis Streetcar Strike of 1900 | St. Louis, Missouri | United States |
1900 | Anthracite Coal Strike | Eastern Pennsylvania | United States |
1901 | U.S. Steel Recognition Strike of 1901 | Homestead, Pennsylvania | United States |
1902 | Anthracite Coal Strike | Illinois, Mississippi and Texas | United States |
1903 | Oxnard Strike of 1903 | Oxnard, California | United States |
1903 | Utah Coal Strike | Carbon County, Utah | United States |
1903–1904 | Colorado Labor Wars, Western Federation of Miners | Colorado | United States |
1906 | Cananea Strike | Sonora, Mexico | Mexico |
1907 | Music Hall Strike of 1907[2] | London | United Kingdom |
1907 | Belfast Dock Strike | Belfast | Ireland |
1907 | Río Blanco strike | Orizaba, Veracruz | Mexico |
1907 | San Francisco Streetcar Strike of 1907 | San Francisco, California | United States |
1908 | Pensacola streetcar operators' strike | Pensacola, Florida | United States |
1909 | Georgia Railroad strike | Georgia | United States |
1909 | New York shirtwaist strike of 1909 "Uprising of the 20,000" | Manhattan, New York | United States |
1909 | Pressed Steel Car Strike of 1909 | McKees Rocks, Pennsylvania | United States |
1910s
1920s
Date | Strike | Place | Country |
---|---|---|---|
1920 | Battle of Matewan | Matewan, West Virginia | United States |
1920 | Denver streetcar strike of 1920 | Denver, Colorado | United States |
1920 | 1920 Alabama coal strike | Alabama | United States |
1920 | Oahu Sugar Strike of 1920 | Oahu, Hawaii | Territory of Hawaii |
1921 | Kronstadt Rebellion | Kronstadt | U.S.S.R. |
1921 | Battle of Blair Mountain | Logan County, West Virginia | United States |
1921 | Black Friday (1921) | nationwide | United Kingdom |
1922 | Herrin massacre | Herrin, Illinois | United States |
1922 | Railroad Shopmen's Strike | nationwide | United States |
1922 | Great Railroad Strike of 1922 | nationwide | United States |
1922 | Guayaquil general strike | Guayaquil | Ecuador |
1923 | 1923 Victorian Police strike | Melbourne, Victoria | Australia |
1924 | Hanapepe massacre | Kauai, Hawaii | United States |
1925 | Ammanford Anthracite Strike | Ammanford, Carmarthenshire | Wales |
1926 | 1926 Passaic Textile Strike | Passaic, New Jersey | United States |
1926 | 1926 United Kingdom general strike | nationwide | United Kingdom |
1927 | Columbine Mine Massacre | Serene, Colorado | United States |
1928 | 1928 New Bedford textile strike | New Bedford, Massachusetts | United States |
1928 | Banana massacre | nationwide | Colombia |
1929 | 1929 Timber Workers strike | nationwide | Australia |
1929 | Lupeni Strike of 1929 | Lupeni, Harghita | Romania |
1929 | Rothbury Riot | North Rothbury, New South Wales | Australia |
1929 | Loray Mill Strike | Gastonia, North Carolina | United States |
1930s
Date | Strike | Place | Country |
---|---|---|---|
1931 | Tampa cigar makers' strike of 1931 | Tampa, Florida | United States |
1931 | Santa Clara Cannery Strike | Santa Clara, California | United States |
1931 | Ådalen shootings | Ådalen | Sweden |
1931 | Harlan County War | Harlan County, Kentucky | United States |
1931 | Invergordon Mutiny | Invergordon | Scotland |
1932 | Century Airlines pilots' strike | Chicago, Illinois | United States |
1932 | Ford Hunger March | Detroit, Michigan | United States |
1932 | Griviţa Strike of 1933 | Bucharest | Romania |
1933 | Briggs Manufacturing Company Strike | Detroit, Michigan | United States |
1933 | California Farmworkers' Strike | California | United States |
1934 | Kohler Strike | Sheboygan, Wisconsin | United States |
1934 | 1934 New York Hotel Strike | New York City | United States |
1934 | Auto-Lite Strike | Toledo, Ohio | United States |
1934 | Minneapolis Teamsters Strike of 1934 | Minneapolis, Minnesota | United States |
1934 | 1934 West Coast Longshore Strike | U.S. West Coast | United States |
1934 | United Fruit Banana Strike| | nationwide | Costa Rica |
1934 | Textile workers Strike (1934) | New England, Mid-Atlantic region and U.S. southern states | United States |
1934 | Asturian miners' strike of 1934 | Asturia | Spain |
1935 | Battle of Ballantyne Pier | Vancouver, British Columbia | Canada |
1935 | Copperbelt strike (1935) | Copperbelt Province | Zambia |
1935 | Pacific Northwest Lumber Strike | U.S. Pacific Northwest | United States |
1935 | On-to-Ottawa Trek | Vancouver, British Columbia | Canada |
1935 | 1935 Gulf Coast longshoremen's strike | U.S. Gulf Coast | United States |
1936 | 1936 Syrian general strike | nationwide | Syria |
1936 | Arab general strike (Mandatory Palestine) | Mandatory Palestine | Palestine |
1936 | Flint Sit-Down Strike | Flint, Michigan | United States |
1936 | Gulf Coast maritime workers' strike | U.S. Gulf Coast | United States |
1936 | S.S. California strike | San Pedro, California | United States |
1936–37 | Remington Rand strike of 1936–1937 | New York City | United States |
1936–37 | Flint Sit-Down Strike General Motors | Flint, Michigan | United States |
1937 | Little Steel Strike including Memorial Day massacre of 1937 | nationwide | United States |
1937 | Lewiston-Auburn Shoe Strike | Lewiston, Maine and Auburn, Maine | United States |
1938 | Hilo Massacre | Hilo, Hawaii | Territory of Hawaii |
1939 | Tool and Die Strike of 1939 | Detroit, Michigan | United States |
1939 | Disney animators' strike | Kansas City, Missouri | United States |
1940s
Date | Strike | Place | Country |
---|---|---|---|
1941 | February Strike | nationwide | Netherlands |
1942 | 1942 Betteshanger miners' strike | Betteshanger, Kent | United Kingdom |
1942 | Quit India movement | nationwide | India |
1942–43 | 1942-43 musicians' strike | nationwide | United States |
1943 | 1943 Rolls-Royce strike | Hillington, Scotland | United Kingdom |
1944 | Philadelphia Transit Strike | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania | United States |
1944 | Port Chicago mutiny | Chicago, Illinois | United States |
1945 | Hollywood Black Friday | Hollywood, California | United States |
1945–46 | Strike wave of 1946 | nationwide | United States |
1946 | African Mine Workers' Strike | nationwide | South Africa |
1946 | 1946 Montreal Cotton Strike | Montreal, Quebec | Canada |
1946 | 1946 Pilbara strike | Pilbara | Western Australia |
1946 | The Great Hawaiian Sugar Strike of 1946 | nationwide | Territory of Hawaii |
1947 | Telephone Strike | nationwide | United States |
1948 | Boeing Strike of 1948 | Seattle, Washington | United States |
1948 | 1948 Queensland Railway strike | Queensland | Australia |
1949 | Asbestos Strike | Asbestos, Quebec | Canada |
1949 | 1949 Australian coal strike | nationwide | Australia |
1950s
Date | Strike | Place | Country |
---|---|---|---|
1950 | Atlanta transit strike of 1950 | Atlanta, Georgia | United States |
1950 | General strike against Leopold III of Belgium | Brussels | Belgium |
1951 | New Zealand waterfront strike | nationwide | New Zealand |
1952 | 1952 steel strike | nationwide | United States |
1953 | The Hartal of 1953 | nationwide | Sri Lanka |
1955 | Hock Lee bus riots | Singapore | Republic of Singapore |
1959 | Steel strike of 1959 | nationwide | United States |
1960s
Date | Strike | Place | Country |
---|---|---|---|
1960 | 1960 Writers Guild of America strike | Hollywood, California | United States |
1960–61 | 1960–1961 Winter General Strike | Wallonia | Belgium |
1962 | 1962 New York City newspaper strike | New York City | United States |
1963 | Reesor Siding Strike of 1963 | Reesor, Ontario | Canada |
1964 | 1964 Mount Isa Mines Strike | Mount Isa, Queensland | Australia |
1965–70 | Delano grape strike | Delano, California | United States |
1966 | 1966 New York City transit strike | New York City | United States |
1966 | Gurindji strike | Kalkarindji, Northern Territory | Australia |
1966 | Texas farm workers' strike | Texas | United States |
1966–67 | St. John's University strike of 1966–67 | New York City | United States |
1967 | Hong Kong 1967 Leftist Riots | citywide | Hong Kong |
1968 | May 1968 in France | nationwide | France |
1968 | Memphis Sanitation Strike | Memphis, Tennessee | United States |
1968 | Chrysler wildcat strike | Detroit, Michigan | United States |
1968 | New York City Teacher's Strike of 1968 | New York City | United States |
1968 | Florida statewide teachers' strike of 1968 | Florida | United States |
1968 | 1968 NFL strike/lockout | Florida | United States |
1969 | Unofficial strike by mineworkers over pay of surface workers[3] | nationwide | United Kingdom |
1970s
Date | Strike | Place | Country |
---|---|---|---|
1970 | U.S. Postal Service strike of 1970 | nationwide | United States |
1970-71 | Colour Strike | nationwide | United Kingdom |
1970–71 | Salad Bowl strike | nationwide | United States |
1971 | 1971 NYPD Work Stoppage | New York City | United States |
1971 | Longshore Strike (1971, U.S.) | U.S. West Coast Hawaii and British Columbia | United States and Canada |
1971 | 1971 United Kingdom postal workers strike | nationwide | United Kingdom |
1972 | 1972 Major League Baseball strike | nationwide | United States |
1972 | UK building workers' strike (1972) | Shrewsbury, Shropshire | United Kingdom |
1972 | UK miners' strike (1972) | nationwide | United Kingdom |
1974 | 1974 railway strike in India by 17 million workers of Indian Railways[4][5][6][7] | nationwide | India |
1974 | Bituminous Coal Strike of 1974 | nationwide | United States |
1974 | Ulster Workers' Council Strike | nationwide | Northern Ireland |
1974 | UK miners' strike (1974) | nationwide | United Kingdom |
1974 | 1974 NFL strike | nationwide | United States |
1976–77 | Grunwick Dispute | London | England |
1977 | 1977 Atlanta sanitation strike | Atlanta | United States |
1977–78 | Bituminous Coal Strike of 1977–1978 | nationwide | United States |
1978 | Sudbury Strike of 1978 | Sudbury, Ontario | Canada |
1978–79 | Winter of Discontent | nationwide | United Kingdom |
1980s
Date | Strike | Place | Country |
---|---|---|---|
1980 | Gdańsk Shipyard Strike | Gdańsk | Poland |
1981 | Air traffic controllers' strike/Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization | nationwide | United States |
1981 | Bydgoszcz events | Bydgoszcz | Poland |
1981 | 1981 Writers Guild of America strike | Hollywood, California | United States |
1981 | 1981 Major League Baseball strike | nationwide | United States |
1982 | 1982 NFL strike | nationwide | United States |
1982 | 1982 garment workers' strike[8] | New York City | United States |
1983 | Arizona Copper Mine Strike of 1983 | Greenlee County, Arizona | United States |
1984 | Battle of Orgreave | Orgreave, South Yorkshire | England |
1984 | Cammell Laird Shipyard Occupation | nationwide | United Kingdom |
1984–85 | UK miners' strike (1984–1985) | nationwide | United Kingdom |
1984–85 | UK miners' strike (1984–1985) | nationwide | United Kingdom |
1985 | Hormel Meatpackers' Strike | Austin, Minnesota | United States |
1985 | Mudginberri dispute | Northern Territory | Australia |
1985 | 1985 Major League Baseball strike | nationwide | United States and Canada |
1986 | Dollar Sweets dispute | State of Victoria | Australia |
1986 | Guilford Transportation Industries railroad workers' strike | North Billerica, Massachusetts | United States |
1986 | Major Indoor Soccer League lockout | nationwide | United States |
1986 | Wapping dispute | London | England |
1987 | International Paper strike | Corinth, New York | United States |
1987 | 1987 NFL strike | nationwide | United States |
1987 | Metro Toronto Elementary Teacher's Strike | Toronto, Ontario | Canada |
1988 | 1988 United Kingdom postal workers strike | nationwide | United States |
1988 | 1988 Writers Guild of America strike | Hollywood, California | United States |
1989 | 1989 Australian pilots' strike | nationwide | Australia |
1989–90 | Pittston Coal strike | Pittston, Pennsylvania | United States |
1989–90 | 1989–90 British ambulance strike | Nationwide | United Kingdom |
1990s
Date | Strike | Place | Country |
---|---|---|---|
1990 | 1990 Major League Baseball lockout | nationwide | United States |
1990 | Mandal Commission protests of 1990 (India, 1990) | Mandal | India |
1992 | 1992 NHL strike | nationwide | Canada and United States |
1993 | Timex strike | Dundee | Scotland |
1994–95 | 1994-95 Major League Baseball strike | nationwide | Canada and United States |
1994–95 | 1994–95 NHL lockout | nationwide | Canada and United States |
1995–97 | Detroit Newspaper Strike | Detroit, Michigan | United States |
1995 | 1995 strikes in France | nationwide | France |
1995 | 1995 NBA lockout | nationwide | Canada and United States |
1995–98 | Liverpool dockers' strike (1995–98) | Liverpool, Merseyside | Scotland |
1996 | 1996 NBA lockout | nationwide | Canada and United States |
1996–97 | 1996–1997 strikes in South Korea | nationwide | South Korea |
1996–97 | 1996 NBA lockout | nationwide | Canada and United States |
1997 | 1997 UPS Strike (U.S.) | nationwide | United States |
1997 | 1997 Ontario teachers strike | Ontario | Canada |
1998 | 1998 Australian waterfront dispute | Melbourne, Brisbane, Fremantle and Sydney | Australia |
1998–99 | 1998–99 NBA lockout | nationwide | Canada and United States |
1999 | 1999 UNAM strike | Mexico City | Mexico |
Twenty-first century
2000s
Date | Strike | Place | Country |
---|---|---|---|
2000 | Verizon Strike | New York City | United States |
2001 | Jeffboat wildcat strike | Jeffersonville, Indiana | United States |
2001 | National Gallery of Canada | Ottawa, Ontario | Canada |
2002 | UK Firefighter strike 2002 | nationwide | United Kingdom |
2003 | Scottish Nursery Nurses Strike | nationwide | Scotland |
2003 | 2003 Broadway Musicians Strike | New York City | United States |
2003 | 2003 June 15 Hospitality workers at the Congress Plaza Hotel.[9] | Chicago, Illinois | United States |
2003–04 | Southern California Supermarket strike of 2003–2004 | Southern California | United States |
2004–05 | 2004–05 NHL lockout | nationwide | United States and Canada |
2005 | Bolivian Gas War | nationwide | Bolivia |
2005 | 2005 New York City transit strike | New York City | United States |
2006 | Dhaka strikes | Dhaka | Bangladesh |
2006 | 2006 labor protests in France | nationwide | France |
2006 | 2006 Oaxaca protests | Oaxaca | Mexico |
2006 | 2006 Progressive Enterprises dispute | Auckland, Palmerston North and Christchurch | New Zealand |
2006 | South Korean railroad strike of 2006 | nationwide | South Korea |
2006 | 2006 Toronto Transit Commission wildcat strike | Toronto, Ontario | Canada |
2006 | University of Miami 2006 custodial workers' strike | Miami, Florida | United States |
2007 | 2007 Freightliner wildcat strike | Portland, Oregon | United States |
2007 | 2007 South African public servants' strike | nationwide | South Africa |
2007 | 2007 Orange County transit strike | Orange, California | United States |
2007 | Hayward teachers strike | Hayward, California | United States |
2007 | 2007 General Motors strike | Detroit, Michigan | United States |
2007 | 2007 UK postal strikes | nationwide | United Kingdom |
2007 | 2007 Broadway Stagehand Strike | New York City | United States |
2007 | November 2007 strikes in France | nationwide | France |
2007 | German national rail strike of 2007 | nationwide | Germany |
2007 | 2007 South Africa miners' strike | nationwide | South Africa |
2007–08 | 2007–08 CBS News writers strike | New York City | United States |
2007–08 | 2007–2008 Cork players strike | County Cork | Ireland |
2007–08 | 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike | Hollywood, California | United States |
2007–08 | 2007–2008 Berlitz Japan Strike[10] | Aoyama, Tokyo | Japan |
2008 | 2008 British teacher's strike | nationwide | England |
2008 | 2008 Toronto Transit Commission strike | Toronto, Ontario | Canada |
2008 | 2008 VIVA bus operators strike | nationwide | Canada |
2008 | Boeing Machinists Strike of 2008[11] | Seattle, Washington | United States |
2008–09 | 2008–09 York University Strike | York, Ontario | Canada |
2009 | 2009 Lindsey Oil Refinery strikes | North Killingholme, Lincolnshire | England |
2009 | 2009 City of Toronto inside and outside workers strike[12] | Toronto, Ontario | Canada |
2009 | 2009 Leeds refuse workers strike | City of Leeds West Yorkshire | England |
2009 | 2009 UK postal strikes | nationwide | United Kingdom |
2010s
Date | Strike | Place | Country |
---|---|---|---|
2010 | 2010 University of Puerto Rico Strike | San Juan | Puerto Rico |
2010 | 2010 Scottish football referee strike | nationwide | Scotland |
2010 | 2010 Spanish air traffic controllers strike | nationwide | Spain |
2010 | 2010 Major League Soccer lockout/strike | nationwide | United States |
2010–11 | 2010-11 Hanjin Heavy Industries strike | nationwide | South Korea and the Philippines |
2011 | 2011 NBA Lockout | nationwide | United States and Canada |
2011 | 2011 NFL lockout | nationwide | United States |
2012 | 2012 NFL referee lockout | nationwide | United States |
2012–13 | 2012–13 NHL lockout | nationwide | United States and Canada |
2013 | 2013 Hong Kong dock strike | citywide | Hong Kong |
2015 | 2015 United Steel Workers Oil Refinery Strike[13] | California, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, Texas and Washington | United States |
2015 | 2015 Kohler Strike[14] | Kohler, Wisconsin | United States |
2016 | 2016 Verizon workers' strike[15] | New York City | United States |
2016 | 2016 video game voice actor strike[16] | Los Angeles, California | United States |
2017 | 2017 Philippine jeepney drivers' strike | nationwide | Philippines |
2017 | 2017 Brazilian general strike | nationwide | Brazil |
2017 | 3rd October Catalan independentists General Strike | nationwide | Catalonia |
2018 | 2018 teachers' strikes in the United States | nationwide | United States |
2018 | 2018 York University strike: Teaching Assistants, Graduate Assistant, Research Assistant, and Contract Faculty Strike | York, Ontario | Canada |
2018 | Brazil truck drivers' strike | nationwide | Brazil |
2018 | Marriott Hotels strike[17][18] | Bethesda, Maryland | United States |
2018 | 2018–19 education workers' strikes in the United States | nationwide | United States |
2018 | School strike for climate | worldwide | global |
2018 | 2018–2020 UK higher education strikes | nationwide | United Kingdom |
2019 | Wright State University 2019 faculty strike | Dayton, Ohio | United States |
2020s
Date | Strike | Place | Country |
---|---|---|---|
2020 | Santa Cruz graduate students' strike | Santa Cruz, California | United States |
2020 | New Orleans sanitation strike | New Orleans, Louisiana | United States |
Chronological list of general strikes
Date | Name | Place | Country |
---|---|---|---|
1820 | Radical War | Scotland | United Kingdom |
1835 | Philadelphia general strike of 1835 | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania | United States |
1842 | General Strike of 1842 | England | United Kingdom |
1877 | St. Louis general strike of 1877 | St. Louis, Missouri | United States |
1877 | Scranton general strike | Scranton, Pennsylvania | United States |
1886 | Walloon jacquerie of 1886 | Wallonia | Belgium |
1892 | New Orleans general strike of 1892 | New Orleans, Louisiana | United States |
1893 | Belgian general strike of 1893 | Mons | Belgium |
1909 | Swedish General Strike | nationwide | Sweden |
1910 | Philadelphia general strike of 1910 | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania | United States |
1912 | Brisbane general strike of 1912 | Brisbane, Queensland | Australia |
1917 | 1917–1919 Brazil strike movement | Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul | Brazil |
1918 | Vancouver general strike | Vancouver, British Columbia | Canada |
1919 | Seattle General Strike | Seattle, Washington | United States |
1919 | Winnipeg general strike | Winnipeg, Manitoba | Canada |
1920 | Italian anti-Fascist general strike | Rome | Italy |
1926 | United Kingdom general strike of 1926 | nationwide | United Kingdom |
1934 | San Francisco general strike of 1934 | San Francisco, California | United States |
1936 | Palestinian general strike | nationwide | Mandatory Palestine |
1942 | Luxembourgish general strike of 1942 | nationwide | Luxembourg |
1946 | Oakland general strike of 1946 | Oakland, California | United States |
1950 | General strike against Leopold III of Belgium | nationwide | Belgium |
1953 | Uprising of 1953 | nationwide | East Germany |
1956 | General strike of 1956 | nationwide | Finland |
1960–61 | Belgian general strike of 1960–61 | Wallonia | Belgium |
1968 | French general strike of May 1968 | nationwide | France |
1973 | Uruguay general strike of 1973 | nationwide | Uruguay |
1974 | Ulster Workers' Council strike | Northern Ireland | United Kingdom |
1988 | Spanish general strike of 1988 | nationwide | Spain |
1992 | April 1992 general strike in Nepal | nationwide | Nepal |
1998 | 1998 Puerto Rican general strike | nationwide | Puerto Rico |
2002–03 | Venezuelan general strike of 2002–03 | nationwide | Venezuela |
2006 | 2006 democracy movement in Nepal | nationwide | Nepal |
2007 | 2007 Guinea general strike | nationwide | Guinea |
2008 | 2008 Egyptian general strike | nationwide | Egypt |
2011 | 2011 Oakland general strike | Oakland, California | United States |
2016 | Indian general strike of 2016 | nationwide | India |
2017 | 2017 Brazilian general strike | nationwide | Brazil |
2017 | 2017 Catalan general strike | Catalonia | Spain |
2018 | 2018 Jordanian general strike | nationwide | Jordan |
2018–19 | School strike for climate | America, Europe, Australia, and others. | Various |
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See also
- Timeline of Labor unions in the United States
- Murder of workers in labor disputes in the United States
Sources
Labor conflict in the United States, An encyclopedia. edited by Ronald Filippelli, assisted by Carol Reilly – Garland Publishing New York & London 1990 (ISBN 0-8240-7968-X)
- "The great railroad strike, 1877 – Howard Zinn". libcom.org.
- Taylor, Boswell (ed.). Mastermind (1984 ed.). Treasure Press. pp. 58, 136. ISBN 0-907812-64-3.
- Douglas, David John. Pit Sense versus the State: A history of militant miners in the Doncaster area. London: Phoenic Press. pp. 11–12. ISBN 0-948984-26-0.
- "Welcome to Frontline : Vol. 29 :: No. 03". Hinduonnet.com. Archived from the original on 2011-02-19. Retrieved 2012-02-11.
- "INDIA: Strangulating Strike". TIME. 1974-05-20. Retrieved 2012-02-11.
- Archived September 22, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- Stephen Sherlock (October 14, 1989). "Railway Workers and Their Unions: Origins of 1974 Indian Railways Strike". Economic and Political Weekly. Published by: Economic and Political Weekly. 24 (41): 2311–2315+2317–2319+2321–2322. JSTOR 4395459.
- Bao, Xiaolan (2001). Holding Up More Than Half the Sky: Chinese Women Garment Workers in New York City, 1948–92. University of Illinois Press. p. 3. ISBN 9780252026317.
- "Congress Hotel Strike Ends, 10-Year Strike Was Longest In The World". Huffington Post. 30 May 2013. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
- "The Japan Times – News on Japan, Business News, Opinion, Sports, Entertainment and More". The Japan Times.
- "Simmering Boeing strike scorching both sides". The Seattle Times.
- Lu, Vanessa; Vincent, Donovan (22 June 2009). "Keep your trash, citizens told". The Star. Toronto. Retrieved 8 May 2010.
- "Welcome to The Oil Strike Newsletter". United Steelworkers. Archived from the original on 2018-01-20. Retrieved 2015-03-03.
- "Kohler workers reject offer, OK first union strike at company since 1983". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. November 15, 2015. Retrieved 16 November 2015.
- 40,000 Verizon Workers Go On Strike url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/verizon-strike_us_570df081e4b03d8b7b9ed710
- McNary, Dave (2016-10-24). "More Than 100 SAG-AFTRA Videogame Strike Supporters Rally at Electronic Arts". Variety. Retrieved 2016-10-25.
- Philip, Drew (October 26, 2018). "'One job should be enough': Marriott hotel workers' strike hits eight US cities". The Guardian. Retrieved November 3, 2018.
- Schwartz, Karen (October 31, 2018). "What You Need to Know About the Strike Against Marriott Hotels". The New York Times. Retrieved November 3, 2018.
External links
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