Lingayen

Lingayen, officially the Municipality of Lingayen (Pangasinan: Baley na Lingayen; Ilocano: Ili ti Lingayen; Tagalog: Bayan ng Lingayen), is a 1st class municipality and capital of the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2015 census, it has a population of 103,278 people.[3]

For other uses, see Lingayen (disambiguation).
Lingayen
Municipality
Municipality of Lingayen
Capitol Building (Poblacion)
Seal
Map of Pangasinan with Lingayen highlighted
OpenStreetMap
Lingayen
Location within the Philippines
Coordinates: 16°01′00″N 120°14′00″E
Country Philippines
RegionIlocos Region (Region I)
ProvincePangasinan
District2nd district
FoundedJanuary 6, 1614
Barangays32 (see Barangays)
Government
 [1]
 • TypeSangguniang Bayan
 • MayorLeopoldo N. Bataoil
 • Vice MayorJudy D. Vargas
 • CongressmanJumel Anthony I. Espino
 • Electorate66,286 voters (2019)
Area
 [2]
 • Total62.76 km2 (24.23 sq mi)
Population
 (2015 census)[3]
 • Total103,278
 • Density1,600/km2 (4,300/sq mi)
 • Households
21,235
Economy
 • Income class1st municipal income class
 • Poverty incidence10.61% (2015)[4]
 • Revenue (₱)209,152,018.15 (2016)
Time zoneUTC+8 (PST)
ZIP code
2401
PSGC
015522000
IDD : area code +63 (0)75
Climate typetropical monsoon climate
Native languagesPangasinan
Ilocano
Tagalog

It is the capital and the seat of government of the province of Pangasinan. Lingayen was a strategic point during World War II. It is also the birthplace of former President Fidel V. Ramos.

History

The Augustinian missionaries and the Spanish conquistadores drew a plan of Lingayen in 1614 and Lingayen was founded. The founders named the town Lingayen at the suggestion of natives themselves, due to a certain corpulent tamarind tree growing on the present town plaza at that time. The tree was exceptionally big, tall, and spreading; that the surrounding trees were just drafts in comparison. Passers-by developed the habit of looking back and back again at this corpulent tree until it would vanish from their rear view. When they arrived home and were asked what way they took in returning they would simply say "through Liñgayen". The word "Liñgayen" was from the Pangasinan language word "lingawen" meaning " to look back". Since then up to the present time the town bears its name as Lingayen.[5][6]

Lingayen became the capital of Pangasinan when the province became an encomienda.

During World War II, Lingayen was where the Allied armies landed during the Invasion of Lingayen Gulf. Its long beach served as runway for several attack planes.

Geography

It is located along the Lingayen Gulf, the Agno River and the Limahong Channel. It has a land area of 62.76 square kilometers consisting of 32 barangays and also has 7 sitios. Its terrain is flat, suitable for farms and fisheries. Lingayen weather is cool from December to February, warm from March to April, and the wet season is between May and October.[5] Also the dry season will be from November to April.

Barangays

Lingayen is politically subdivided into 32 barangays.

  • Aliwekwek
  • Baay
  • Balangobong
  • Balococ
  • Bantayan
  • Basing
  • Capandanan
  • Domalandan Center
  • Domalandan East
  • Domalandan West
  • Dorongan
  • Dulag
  • Estanza
  • Lasip
  • Libsong East
  • Libsong West
  • Malawa
  • Malimpuec
  • Maniboc
  • Matalava
  • Naguelguel
  • Namolan
  • Pangapisan North
  • Pangapisan Sur
  • Poblacion
  • Quibaol
  • Rosario
  • Sabangan
  • Talogtog
  • Tonton
  • Tumbar
  • Wawa

Climate
Climate data for Lingayen, Pangasinan
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 31
(88)		 31
(88)		 33
(91)		 34
(93)		 34
(93)		 33
(91)		 32
(90)		 31
(88)		 31
(88)		 32
(90)		 31
(88)		 31
(88)		 32
(90)
Average low °C (°F) 21
(70)		 21
(70)		 23
(73)		 25
(77)		 25
(77)		 25
(77)		 25
(77)		 24
(75)		 24
(75)		 24
(75)		 23
(73)		 22
(72)		 24
(74)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 4.3
(0.17)		 19.1
(0.75)		 27.3
(1.07)		 45.2
(1.78)		 153.3
(6.04)		 271.3
(10.68)		 411.1
(16.19)		 532.0
(20.94)		 364.4
(14.35)		 182.5
(7.19)		 56.3
(2.22)		 24.4
(0.96)		 2,091.2
(82.34)
Average rainy days 3 2 3 5 14 17 22 23 21 13 7 4 134
Source: World Weather Online[7]

Demographics
Town Hall
Population census of Lingayen
YearPop.±% p.a.
1903 21,529—    
1918 22,750+0.37%
1939 30,655+1.43%
1948 36,806+2.05%
1960 45,321+1.75%
1970 56,096+2.15%
1975 59,034+1.03%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1980 65,187+2.00%
1990 77,837+1.79%
1995 80,758+0.69%
2000 88,891+2.08%
2007 95,773+1.03%
2010 98,740+1.12%
2015 103,278+0.86%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[3][8][9][10]

Economy
Narciso Ramos Sports Complex & Civic Center

Agriculture, livestock and fishing are the major industries of the town.

Major crops include rice, corn, tomato, mongo, watermelon, and vegetables.

Livestock rising are predominant in the southern barangays where vast, long stretch of pasture lands can be found.

The major fishing ground is the Lingayen Gulf within the municipal territorial waters of fifteen (15) kilometers from the shoreline classified as the municipal fishing ground. Fisheries can be found in every barangay.

Other major industries include making of world-class bagoong (also known as "maniboc": referring to its place of origin, Barangay Maniboc) and bocayo(sweetened coconut), vinegar, furnitures, crafts made of bamboo and shingles made of nipa.[11][12]

Agriculture

The town has a land area of 3,180 hectares or 47.5% of the total land area of the municipality used for agriculture by a land survey conducted by Municipal Planning Team. Rice, being the major crop produced, have 1,500 hectares/ 22.42% of the total land area of the municipality. Corn come next with 341.50 hectares/ 5.11%, with peanut comes third with 136.6 hectares/2.04% while the rest of about 253.225 hectares or 3.78% is planted to different crops such as mongo, camote, eggplant, and other crops.[13]

Livestock

Information gathered from the Office of the Municipal Agricultural Officer, shows that in year 2000 there were 5,282 head of swine, 2,762 head of cattle, 756 head of carabao, 1,520 head of sheep and goat combined, 44,000 head of poultry (commercial broilers), and 43,875 heads of poultry (native chickens).[13]

Fishery

There are two types of fishery operation in the town depending on the type of water which supplies the fishery: brackish water and freshwater.

Brackish fisheries have a bigger land area than freshwater with a land area of 1,419.18 hectares. These fisheries can be found in 28 barangays with Baay being the largest with 157 hectares.

Freshwater fisheries have a land area of about 38.82 hectares and are located in ten barangays. Namolan have the largest with 7.80 hectares.[13]

Socio-Cultural development

Lingayen poblacion has two portions, architecturally and culturally different from each other: Spanish and American because of the large influence of both two major colonizers.

The older portion influenced by Spanish is located in the southern part. The infrastructure that the Spanish planned was all town buildings face each other around a town plaza. The buildings include the Three Kings Parish Church and the Municipal Hall.

The American one built near the Lingayen Gulf consists of many provincial government buildings including the Provincial Capitol and Urduja House, all located in the Capitol Grounds.[11]

Tourism
Lingayen Beach

The municipality has many attractions: Lingayen Beach, the Provincial Capitol, Urduja House, the World War II Memorabilia Ground Site, Sison Auditorium, the Narciso Ramos Sports Complex and Civic Center and the Limahong Channel Tourism Center[14] located at Lingayen BayWalk beside Agno River, the center will have its own river cruise, tourism building center and river esplanade that is under construction and will be opened soon.

It also has two parks: the Town Park also known as Plaza de Lingayen and the Capitol Grounds. The town celebrates its Town Fiesta in honor of the Three Kings every first Friday, Saturday & Sunday of January; also celebrates "Bagoong Festival" to promote the main product of the town, happens a week after the town fiesta celebration; and joins to celebrate Pista'y Dayat (Beach Festival) which is being celebrated in the entire province of Pangasinan.[11]

Heritage Structures
Town Park & Capitol Grounds

Heritage structures abound in the city of Lingayen. Of note are the municipality's Provincial Capitol, Urduja House, Colegio del Santissimo Rosario Ruins, and the two Gabaldon structures inside Pangasinan National High School.

Pangasinan Provincial Capitol Building is a neoclassical building designed by Ralph Harrington Doane. It was damaged during World War II and was reconstructed in 1946 with assistance from the US government under the Philippine Rehabilitation Act. With the completion of its repair and rehabilitation in 2008, the building earned the title "Best Provincial Capitol in the Philippines".

Urduja House, also called the Princess Urduja Palace, is named after the legendary warrior Princess Urduja. It currently serves as the governor's official residence and guest house.[15]

Colegio del Santissimo Rosario Ruins was constructed in 1890 as an exclusive school for girls run by the Dominican sisters. Its lumber, windows, tin roofs, and beams were used to build another school in San Manuel town, leaving the structure in ruins. At present, it is within the compound of a private property.

Pangasinan National High School, erstwhile known as Pangasinan Academic High School, was the first public secondary school in Pangasinan. In 1946, the North and South Gabaldon buildings were constructed within the school campus. And now it is considered as the mother school in entire Pangasinan. Thousands of students are enrolled in this school. And due to the K-12 Program it also offer courses for Senior High School students. The school has several buildings for the Senior High School.[16]

Malong Building is named after a Pangasinense hero named Andres Malong who led the revolt against the Spaniards from 1660 to 1661. Construction of the building started in 1956 and completed in 1958. It got a major renovation in 2008, the same year the Pangasinan Provincial Capitol Building had undergone a facelift.[17]

Palaris Building, formerly known as Kalantiaw Building, was named after Datu Kalantiaw, said to have composed the first legal code of the Philippines, the Code of Kalantiaw. The code was said to be fraudulent and Kalantiyaw was not a Pangasinense but an Aklanon, according to some historical accounts. The building was renamed Palaris, in honor of the heroic acts of Pantaleon Perez, also known as "Palaris" in leading the Pangasinense rebels from 1762–1764 against the Spaniards.[18]

Sison Auditorium was built in Neo-classical Style, and was constructed in 1927. It was initially known as the “Grand Provincial Auditorium” in the 1930s was the popular venue for zarzuelas and other cultural performances in pre-war and early post-war period. It was later renamed after former Governor Teofilo Sison, the first Pangasinense to become secretary of National Defense. In 2010, it had undergone a major renovation and inaugurated in the same year, April 5. At present, Sison Auditorium serves as the Cultural Center of Ilocos Region.[19]

Transportation

Several bus companies like Victory Liner and Dagupan Bus Co. have routes going to Lingayen from Manila, Baguio, and Dagupan City every day. The town has a small airport, Lingayen Airport, where light planes can land and served as a community airport in Lingayen and surrounding areas.[11]

Education

Elementary schools

Lingayen is divided in three school districts: I, II and III.[20]

Private schools
  • Harvent School
  • Jesus Good Shepherd Development Center
  • Saint Columban College
  • Carvlex Academy
  • Happy Times Christian School
  • JN Montesorri High School
  • Grace Baptist Learning Center of GFBC Inc.
  • Saint Columban's Institute
  • Lingayen Educational Center
  • Lingayen Technological Institute, Inc.

High schools

Integrated schools
  • Domalandan IS
  • Malawa IS

Higher education

The municipality is home to three colleges and one university with two campuses.

  • Pangasinan State University: Lingayen Campus and Open University systems
  • Pangasinan Memorial College
  • The Adelphi College
  • St. Columban's College
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References
  1. "Municipality". Quezon City, Philippines: Department of the Interior and Local Government. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  2. "Province: Pangasinan". PSGC Interactive. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 12 November 2016.
  3. Census of Population (2015). "Region I (Ilocos Region)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. PSA. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  4. "PSA releases the 2015 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates". Quezon City, Philippines. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
  5. "Jumpstarting Electronic Governance in Local Government Units- Lingayen (Historical Background)". Municipality of Lingayen. Archived from the original on December 10, 2004. Retrieved February 17, 2005.
  6. "Lingayen Official Website (Lingayen : "liñgayen")". Municipality of Lingayen. Archived from the original on January 27, 2011. Retrieved November 6, 2010.
  7. "Lingayen, Philippines: Average Temperatures and Rainfall". World Weather Online. Retrieved 15 September 2014.
  8. Census of Population and Housing (2010). "Region I (Ilocos Region)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. NSO. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  9. Censuses of Population (1903–2007). "Region I (Ilocos Region)". Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Province/Highly Urbanized City: 1903 to 2007. NSO.
  10. "Province of Pangasinan". Municipality Population Data. Local Water Utilities Administration Research Division. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
  11. "Jumpstarting Electronic Governance in Local Government Units- Lingayen (Local Development)". Municipality of Lingayen. Archived from the original on December 10, 2004. Retrieved December 10, 2004.
  12. "Pasyalang Pangasinan: Lingayen". pasyalan.net. Archived from the original on April 29, 2009. Retrieved January 6, 2011.
  13. "Jumpstarting Electronic Governance in Local Government Units- Lingayen (Agricultural Profile)". Municipality of Lingayen. Archived from the original on December 10, 2004. Retrieved December 10, 2004.
  14. "Limahong Channel Tourism Center in Pangasinan groundbreaks". Philippine News Agency. 6 June 2019. Retrieved 6 July 2019.
  15. Visperas, Eva (23 January 2015). "Revisiting the land of Urduja". The Philippine Star. Retrieved 5 April 2015.
  16. "History". Official Website of Lingayen, Pangasinan. Retrieved 5 April 2015.
  17. "Malong Building 1958". Official Website of Lingayen, Pangasinan. Archived from the original on 21 February 2015. Retrieved 5 April 2015.
  18. Visperas, Eva (7 September 2011). "Renaming of Kalantiaw building in P'sinan sought". The Philippine Star. Retrieved 5 April 2015.
  19. "Sison Auditorium, soon the North's cultural center?". Sunday Punch. 28 March 2010. Retrieved 5 April 2015.
  20. Department of Education website: Masterlist of Schools Archived July 26, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
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