Dumaguete

Dumaguete, officially the City of Dumaguete (Cebuano: Dakbayan sa Dumaguete), is a 3rd class component city and capital of the province of Negros Oriental, Philippines. According to the 2015 census, it has a population of 131,377 people.[4] It is the capital and most populous city of the province of Negros Oriental.

Dumaguete
Component city
City of Dumaguete
Seal
Nickname(s): 
The City of Gentle People[1]
Map of Negros Oriental with Dumaguete highlighted
OpenStreetMap
Dumaguete
Location within the Philippines
Coordinates: 9°18′37″N 123°18′29″E
Country Philippines
RegionCentral Visayas (Region VII)
ProvinceNegros Oriental
District2nd district
CityhoodNovember 24, 1948
Barangays30 (see Barangays)
Government
 [2]
 • TypeSangguniang Panlungsod
 • MayorFelipe Antonio Remollo
 • Vice MayorAlan Gel Cordova
 • CongressmanManuel Sagarbarria
 • GovernorRoel Degamo
 • Electorate89,193 voters (2019)
Area
 [3]
 • Total33.62 km2 (12.98 sq mi)
Population
 (2015 census)[4]
 • Total131,377
 • Density3,900/km2 (10,000/sq mi)
 • Households
29,262
Demonym(s)Dumagueteño (masculine)
Dumagueteña (feminine)
Economy
 • Income class3rd city income class
 • Poverty incidence11.83% (2015)[5]
 • Revenue (₱)634,949,796.09 (2016)
Time zoneUTC+8 (PST)
ZIP code
6200
PSGC
074610000
IDD : area code +63 (0)35
Climate typetropical climate
Native languagesCebuano
Magahat language
Tagalog
Websitewww.dumaguetecity.gov.ph

Dumaguete is referred to as a university city because of the presence of four universities and a number of other colleges where students of the province converge to enroll for tertiary education. The city is also a popular educational destination for students of surrounding provinces and cities in Visayas and Mindanao. The city is best known for Silliman University, the first Protestant and American university in the country and in Asia.[6][7] There are also 18 public elementary schools and 8 public high schools. The city's student population is estimated at 45,000.[1]

The power source of the city comes from the geothermal power plant in Palinpinon, Valencia. The city has redundant fiber optic lines and is a focal point for telecommunications. It is the landing point for fiber optic cables linking it to the whole Visayas, Manila (the capital of the nation) and cities south of Luzon, as well as to other cities north of Mindanao. Scholars have been pushing for the city's inclusion in the tentative list of the Philippines for future UNESCO World Heritage Site nomination.[8]

Etymology

"Dumaguete" was coined from the Cebuano word dagit, which means "to snatch". The word dumaguet, meaning "to swoop", was coined because of frequent raids by Moro pirates on this coastal community and its power to attract and keep visitors, both local and foreign. In 1572, Diego López Povedano indicated the place as Dananguet, but cartographer Pedro Murillo Velarde in 1734 already used present name of Dumaguete for the settlement.[9]

Geography
Rizal Boulevard

Dumaguete has a land area of 3,362 hectares (8,310 acres), situated on the plains of the southeastern coast of the large island of Negros, near the mouth of the Banica River. Of the province's 19 municipalities/towns and 6 cities, Dumaguete is the smallest in terms of land area. It is bounded on the north by the town of Sibulan, on the south by the town of Bacong and on the west by the town of Valencia.

As a coastal city, it is bounded on the east by the Bohol Sea and the Tañon Strait, serving as a natural border of southeastern Negros Island Region to the neighboring Central Visayas. The city's topography is generally flat from two to six kilometers from the shoreline. It slopes gently upwards to the adjoining municipality of Valencia. The highest ground elevation is located at the boundary of the municipality of Valencia, about one hundred meters above mean sea level. About 93% of the land have slopes of less than 3%. The remaining areas have 3% to 5% slope.

Climate

Dumaguete has a tropical savannah climate, bordering a tropical monsoon climate according to the Köppen Climate classificaton with two distinct seasons. Namely; a dry and a wet seasons. The wet season covers the period from June to November, and the dry season starts from December to May, the hottest being April and May. The average maximum temperature is 34.3 °C and the average minimum temperature is 22.9 °C for the past years. The relative humidity of the locality for the past years was 78¾% with the month of December registering the highest.

Climate data for Dumaguete (1981–2010, extremes 1910–2012)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 33.7
(92.7)		 34.2
(93.6)		 34.2
(93.6)		 36.8
(98.2)		 36.2
(97.2)		 37.4
(99.3)		 36.6
(97.9)		 36.7
(98.1)		 37.0
(98.6)		 36.1
(97.0)		 34.7
(94.5)		 34.2
(93.6)		 37.4
(99.3)
Average high °C (°F) 29.0
(84.2)		 29.2
(84.6)		 30.0
(86.0)		 31.0
(87.8)		 31.7
(89.1)		 31.6
(88.9)		 31.3
(88.3)		 31.7
(89.1)		 31.5
(88.7)		 31.0
(87.8)		 30.5
(86.9)		 29.7
(85.5)		 30.7
(87.3)
Daily mean °C (°F) 26.8
(80.2)		 26.8
(80.2)		 27.3
(81.1)		 28.1
(82.6)		 28.6
(83.5)		 28.2
(82.8)		 27.8
(82.0)		 27.9
(82.2)		 27.8
(82.0)		 27.7
(81.9)		 27.7
(81.9)		 27.2
(81.0)		 27.7
(81.9)
Average low °C (°F) 24.5
(76.1)		 24.3
(75.7)		 24.6
(76.3)		 25.2
(77.4)		 25.4
(77.7)		 24.9
(76.8)		 24.3
(75.7)		 24.2
(75.6)		 24.2
(75.6)		 24.4
(75.9)		 24.8
(76.6)		 24.8
(76.6)		 24.6
(76.3)
Record low °C (°F) 19.3
(66.7)		 19.8
(67.6)		 19.6
(67.3)		 18.9
(66.0)		 20.7
(69.3)		 20.7
(69.3)		 19.8
(67.6)		 20.5
(68.9)		 18.0
(64.4)		 20.8
(69.4)		 20.4
(68.7)		 19.8
(67.6)		 18.0
(64.4)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 82.0
(3.23)		 61.4
(2.42)		 46.3
(1.82)		 53.7
(2.11)		 81.8
(3.22)		 129.7
(5.11)		 122.7
(4.83)		 110.6
(4.35)		 127.3
(5.01)		 156.7
(6.17)		 138.7
(5.46)		 107.3
(4.22)		 1,218.4
(47.97)
Average rainy days (≥ 0.1 mm) 13 10 8 6 10 14 16 13 15 16 14 15 150
Average relative humidity (%) 83 82 81 78 78 79 80 80 81 82 81 82 81
Source: PAGASA[10][11]

Barangays
Dumaguete's barangays

Dumaguete is politically subdivided into 30 barangays, all classified as urban. The eight barangays in the city's downtown area are known primarily by number. The smallest barangay is Barangay 4 with an area of only 5.11 hectares, while the biggest barangay is Barangay Banilad with 362.71 hectares.

  • Bagacay
  • Bajumpandan
  • Balugo
  • Banilad
  • Bantayan
  • Barangay 1 (Tinago)
  • Barangay 2 (Upper Lukewright)
  • Barangay 3 (Business District)
  • Barangay 4 (Rizal Boulevard)
  • Barangay 5 (Silliman Area)
  • Barangay 6 (Cambagroy)
  • Barangay 7 (Mangga)
  • Barangay 8 (Cervantes Extension)
  • Batinguel
  • Buñao
  • Cadawinonan
  • Calindagan
  • Camanjac
  • Candau-ay
  • Cantil-e
  • Daro
  • Junob
  • Looc
  • Mangnao-Canal
  • Motong
  • Piapi
  • Pulantubig
  • Tabuc-tubig
  • Taclobo
  • Talay

Demographics
Population census of Dumaguete
YearPop.±% p.a.
1903 14,894—    
1918 16,336+0.62%
1939 22,236+1.48%
1948 24,838+1.24%
1960 35,282+2.97%
1970 52,000+3.95%
1975 52,765+0.29%
1980 63,411+3.74%
1990 80,262+2.39%
1995 92,637+2.72%
2000 102,265+2.14%
2007 116,392+1.80%
2010 120,883+1.39%
2015 131,377+1.60%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[4][12][13][14]

As of the census in 2015, there are 131,377 people and 21,582 households residing in the city (as of 2010). The city has the least poverty incidence among urban centers in Visayas, according to the 2009 Small Area Estimates (SAE) of Poverty done by the National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB). It has an average daylight population of 400,000 people. Dumaguete is the most populous city in Negros Oriental, comprising 9.05% of the province's total population. Its total voting population is 89,193 voters (2019).

The Philippine Retirement Authority, a government agency under the Department of Tourism, has named the city as the "Best Place to Retire in the Philippines for 2018".[15] Dumaguete is listed 5th in Forbes Magazine's "7 Best Places to Retire Around the World".[16]

Education
Main article: List of schools in Dumaguete
Dumaguete is best known for Silliman University.[17]

Dumaguete has earned the distinction of being known as the "center of learning in the South," or a university city due to the presence of universities that have made their mark nationally and abroad. The city is a melting pot of students, professionals, artists, scholars and the literati coming from different parts of the country and the world.

Silliman University is the dominant institution of higher learning in Dumaguete, providing the city with a distinct university town atmosphere. It is the first Protestant university in the country and the first American university in Asia. The 610,000 m² campus is adjacent to and intermixed with the city's downtown district.[18] Some of its buildings have likewise been recognized as landmarks. These buildings include the Silliman Hall, Hibbard Hall, Katipunan Hall, the Luce Auditorium, and the Silliman Main Library (considered as one of the biggest libraries in the Philippines).[1][19][20][21]

Other universities within the urban parameters of the city are: Foundation University (1949), a private non-sectarian university, its Main Campus where the site of a very popular Sofia Soller Sinco Hall dubbed as White House of Dumaguete is located at Meciano Road offers tertiary education programs while North Campus along Locsin Street is the home of Foundation Preparatory Academy for basic education programs. The Negros Oriental State University (NORSU) which was founded in 1907, has its two main campuses in the city, the Main Campus 1 is beside the Provincial Capitol building while Main Campus 2 is located in barangay Bajumpandan. It is the only state university in Negros Oriental, the biggest among the four universities in the city in terms of student population and is very popular among students from different towns and cities of the province and some other parts of the country. St. Paul University Dumaguete (1904) is the first Saint Paul educational institution to be established in the Philippines by the Sisters of Saint Paul of Chartres (SPC) from France, second oldest Catholic university of Central Visayas and considered as premier Catholic university of Dumaguete.

Economy

Tourism, the academe, the retail industries, BPO and technology-related activities are the major sources of income of the city. BPOs and IT firms, as well as retailing, are the fastest rising industries. There are significant number of banking institutions and a branch of Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas within its territory. DCCCO and PHCCI are among the prominent cooperatives in the country which are both rooted in Dumaguete. Real estate industry in the city is also booming as property developers are either erecting condominiums, town centers or massive horizontal housing development. An initiative program to become a prime sports destination in the country was undertaken to promote Dumaguete primarily as host city so several national games such as 2013 Palarong Pambansa, Batang Pinoy, Unigames among others, regional games such as CVIRAA, an inaugural game of NIRAA for short-lived Negros Island Region and local sporting events were held. There are upcoming sports facilities and venues starting to shape, among them is the Dumaguete Sports Park, a 1.7 hectare reclaim area located in the south of Rizal Boulevard. It is a large sands court not only for recreational venue where beach volleyball, sands-related sports are being played but also serve as shoreline protection of coastal barangays near the site. These growing industries made Dumaguete City the hub for shopping, education, financial, IT, commerce, lifestyle and sports in the province of Negros Oriental and region.

Tourism
Buglasan Festival at the Ninoy Aquino Memorial Freedom Park

Data from the Department of Tourism show that Dumaguete and Negros Oriental are among the top ten most visited tourist destinations in the country.[22] Tourists visit popular sites such as the historic Rizal Boulevard that most of its sugar mansions and prominent ancestral houses were converted into hotels, local-based and nationally known coffee shops, fine-dining restaurants and bars. Locals and visitors usually stroll or jog in its seaside boulevard early in the morning and spent time in the late in the afternoon until dawn with the same activity or rather to relax and dine in a well-organized food carts beside the Pantawan area selling Filipino favorites balut, street food such as tempura, kikiam, fishballs and the like. A few walks from the baywalk is the popular Sans Rival Restaurant and Bistro where Silvanas of Dumaguete is known for and is now recognized as sweet pasalubong from the city; Silliman Hall is a home of University's Anthropology Museum; St. Catherine of Alexandria Cathedral being the oldest stone church of the island of Negros and ecclesiastical seat of the bishop of Roman Catholic Diocese of Dumaguete and Campanario de Dumaguete which is considered as one of the oldest heritage landmarks of Negros Island and Central Visayas. Meanwhile, La Presidencia - the old City Hall is being restored to its original design will be the branch of National Museum in Dumaguete.

One of the cities' important annual celebration is the Sandurot Festival, which is held every September to commemorate of Dumaguete's history. The celebration is started with the Paghimamat, a re-enactment of how people from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds came to Dumaguete, bringing gifts of rich cultures. Pasigarbo followed, gracing the City streets with dancing to drumbeats and other instruments participated by different barangays and schools in Dumaguete. The streetdancing ended at Quezon Park after which the participants prepared for the grand Pasundayag, a display of dances portraying different stories of the Dumaguete tradition.

Another important annual occasion is the Buglasan Festival, also known locally as the "Festival of all festivals", which is held in the whole Negros Oriental province every October since 2002. Though this is a province-wide event sponsored by the provincial government, the activities are mostly centered in the province's capital, Dumaguete. Majority of activities are held in the Provincial Capitol and Ninoy Aquino's Freedom Park with booths and local products either on display or for sale, it is also spread to other venues such as Sidlakan Negros Village at Barangay Piapi and city's Rizal Boulevard. Showdowns and streetdancing are among the activities done in observance of the festival.

Business process outsourcing
TTEC Dumaguete site

Dumaguete's outsourcing industry has a range of businesses, such as call centers, publishing, medical transcription, animation, editing, and architectural outsourcing. Dumaguete is listed among Next Wave Cities in the country with over 20 IT and BPO locators, and has been described as a hub for Business Process Outsourcing and Information Technology.[23][24]

Healthcare

Dumaguete has four major tertiary hospitals, namely the Holy Child Hospital, Negros Oriental Provincial Hospital, ACE Dumaguete Doctors Hospital and the Silliman Medical Center which is currently associated with St. Luke's Medical Center in Metro Manila.[25]

Transportation

Air
Sibulan Airport
The Port of Dumaguete
A tricycle in Dumaguete, one of the primary modes of public transport in the city.

Sibulan Airport (IATA: DGT, ICAO: RPVD), also known as Dumaguete Airport or Dumaguete-Sibulan Airport, is the city's domestic airport located in neighboring Sibulan town in the north. It provides daily flights to and from Manila and Cebu City through Cebu Pacific, Cebgo and PAL Express while Cebgo is servicing both Mindanao important urban centers, thrice weekly flights to Davao City and Cagayan de Oro City.[26] However, a new airport is being planned to be built in Bacong, a town bordering Dumaguete in the south[27] The proposal for the transfer and upgrading of this airport to international standards has already been approved and should be completed before 2025. An initial PHP 500 million budget has already been released for initial study and procurement of free lands.[28]

Sea

Dumaguete, as a major port city is a jump-off point for passengers/tourists who are going to other Visayas and Mindanao areas. There are daily ferry connections to the islands of Cebu, Bohol, Siquijor and Mindanao operated by Archipelago Philippine Ferries Corporation (FastCat), Montenegro Lines, Medallion Transport, Ocean Jet Shipping, Lite Shipping, Cokaliong and other companies. Dumaguete is an access city for passengers/tourists going to Cebu which is dubbed as economic hub of the Visayas. There are smaller ports north of the city where short and frequent ferry connections are available to that island as an alternative. Dumaguete is a port of call for travelers to Manila, Dapitan and Zamboanga City by ship serviced by 2GO Travel.

Land

The main form of public transport in Dumaguete is the motorized tricycle. The Dumaguete version of the motorized tricycle can fit up to 6-8 passengers. For transport to destinations outside the city limit, there are jeepney and buses travelling set routes. Meanwhile, Vallacar Transit Corporation, the company that operates Ceres buses recently constructed a 2-storey terminal building in Dumaguete just beside the newly erected commercial center, the Marketplace.

Notable people
Main article: List of people from Dumaguete

Sister cities

Dumaguete has the following sister cities:

Local

International
  • Silliman Avenue
  • St. Catherine of Alexandria Cathedral
  • Dumaguete Belfry with grotto
  • Dumaguete City Hall
  • Provincial Capitol of Negros Oriental
  • Dumaguete Public Market
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See also

References
  1. "Dumaguete City, the City of Gentle People". Department of Tourism. Retrieved 2010-11-04.
  2. "City". Quezon City, Philippines: Department of the Interior and Local Government. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
  3. "Province:". PSGC Interactive. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 12 November 2016.
  4. Census of Population (2015). "Region VII (Central Visayas)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. PSA. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  5. "PSA releases the 2015 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates". Quezon City, Philippines. Retrieved 12 October 2019.
  6. "CSF program up in Dumaguete" Archived 2009-07-19 at the Wayback Machine. Manila Bulletin. By Atty. Ignacio Bunye. Posted July 5, 2009. Accessed October 14, 2009.
  7. "Heritage Diary of Negros Oriental". Inquirer.net. By: Dexter Matilla. Posted July 14, 2008. Accessed October 15, 2009.
  8. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2010-09-26. Retrieved 2010-08-12.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) NegrosHub.com - Dumaguete City
  9. experiencephilippines.org
  10. "Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental Climatological Normal Values". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018.
  11. "Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental Climatological Extremes". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018.
  12. Census of Population and Housing (2010). "Region VII (Central Visayas)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. NSO. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  13. Censuses of Population (1903–2007). "Region VII (Central Visayas)". Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Province/Highly Urbanized City: 1903 to 2007. NSO.
  14. "Province of". Municipality Population Data. Local Water Utilities Administration Research Division. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
  15. "Dumaguete City cited best PH place to retire". Philippine Information Agency.
  16. Dumaguete among 7 best places to retire, according to Forbes Magazine. GMA Network. November 15, 2014.
  17. "Dumaguete, Negros Oriental". Philippine Airlines. Retrieved 2010-09-01.
  18. UP is No.1 based on PRC exams Archived February 7, 2012, at the Wayback Machine. UP Newsletter, Vol. XXVIII, No. 09. September 01, 2007. Accessed May 26, 2009.
  19. Philippine Travel Center: Negros Oriental. Accessed September 1, 2009.
  20. Negros Chronicle. Where to go in Negros Oriental Archived 2016-05-27 at the Wayback Machine. Accessed September 1, 2009.
  21. WOWPhilippines: Things to do and see in Negros Oriental. Accessed September 1, 2009.
  22. Top Tourist Destinations in the Philippines Archived September 9, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  23. Baguio, Dumaguete now in top 10 BPO Next Wave Cities
  24. "Archived copy". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on 2015-04-02. Retrieved 2015-03-29.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  25. "St. Luke's inks MOA with Silliman Medical Center" Archived 2013-01-31 at Archive.today. Philstar.com. Retrieved 2010-04-28.
  26. "CEB adds 2nd daily frequency to Manila-Dumaguete " Archived June 18, 2011, at the Wayback Machine. Cebu Pacific. Retrieved 2010-11-04.
  27. To a new site in bacong town Solon wants to relocate airport from Dumaguete
  28. Master Plan for Philippine Airports
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