Historical urban community sizes

Historical Urban Community Sizes are estimated populations of historical cities over time. Please note that when estimating the size of a city several problems may arise due to uncertainty. When estimating the sizes of individual cities, the results may be higher or lower than the actual population size.

Neolithic settlements
Further information: Neolithic architecture
Town 7000 BC 6000 BC 5000 BC 4000 BC 3800 BC 3700 BC
'Ain Ghazal 2,500[1]
Beidha 1,000[2]
Çatalhöyük 1,000[2][1]–10,000[3]
Choirokoitia[4][5][6][7][8][9][10] 300–600 2,000
Jericho 400–2,000[3]
Lepenski Vir 150–1,000[11][12][13][14][15][16]
Nea Nikomedeia 500–700[17]
Okoliste 1,000–3,000[18]
Vinča-Belo Brdo 2,000–2,500[19][20]
Sesklo 1,000–5,000[21][22][23][24]
Dobrovody 16,000[25] 10,000–16,000[26][27][28]
Fedorovka 6,000[25]
Mehrgarh 1,000–10,000[29]
Maydanets 10,000[25] 10,000–46,000[30][31]
Nebelivka 17,000[25]
Talianki 15,000–25,000–30,000[25][32][33] 10,000–15,000[34][35]
Tell Brak 4,000[2] 5,000[2]
Uruk 5,000[2]

Bronze Age
Table 1: 3700–2600 BC
City 3700 BC 3400 BC 3100 BC 2800 BC 2600 BC
Adab 11,000[36]
Anshan 10,000[36] 10,000[36]
Bad-tibira 16,000[36]
Eridu 6,000–10,000[36]
Habuba Kabira 6,000–8,000[36]
Harappa 35,000[37]
Kish 40,000[36]
Lagash 40,000[38]
Larak/Larsa 10,000[36] 10,000[36]
Manika, Greece[39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] 6,000–15,000 6,000–15,000
Memphis 30,000
Mohenjo-daro 41,250[37]
Nekhen 5,000–10,000[36]
Nippur 13,000[36]
Shahr-i Sokhta 20,000[1]
Shuruppak 20,000[36]
Suheri 13,000[36] 10,000[36]
Susa 8,000[2]
Tell Brak 8,000[2] 22,000[36] 20,000[36]
Thebes, Greece 4,000

6,000[45]

Umma 26,000[36]
Ur 6,000[36]
Uruk 8,000[2]
14,000[36]		 20,000[36] 40,000[38]–50,000[36] 80,000[36] 80,000[38]
Table 2: 2500–1200 BC
City 2500 BC 2300 BC 2000 BC 1800 BC 1600 BC 1360 BC 1200 BC
Athens[47][48] 10,000 10,000–15,000
Akrotiri (prehistoric city)[49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57] 8,000–30,000
Adab 13,000[36] 10,000[36] 10,000[36] 10,000[36]
Akkad 36,000[36]
Amarna
Anshan 10,000[36] 10,000[36] 10,000[36] 10,000[36]
Avaris/Pi-Ramses 100,000[38] 160,000[38]
Babylon 65,000[2] 80,000[2]
Dur-Kurigalzu
Ebla 30,000[36]
Erlitou 24,000[2]–35,000[36]
Harappa 10,000[36]
Hattusa 40,000[58] 40,000[58]
Hazor
Heliopolis
Heracleopolis
Isin 40,000[36] 20,000[36]
Kerma
Kesh 11,000[36]
Kish 25,000[36] 10,000[36] 40,000[38]
Knossos[59][60][61]

[62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70]

 1,300–2,000 18,000 20,000 30,000
Lagash 40,000[36] 10,000[36] 30,000[36][38] 10,000[36]
Larak/Larsa 10,000[36] 40,000[36] 20,000[36]
Manika, Greece[45] 6,000–15,000 6,000–15,000
Malia 5,000–10,000–12,500[68][69]
Mari
Memphis 30,000[36]–35,000[2] 60,000[2][36][38] 30,000[36] 22,000[71] 32,000[71] 50,000[71]
Mohenjo-daro 20,000[36] 20,000[36] 10,000[36]
Mozah 15,000[36] 15,000[36]
Mycenae 20,000[72] 30,000–35,000[65][73] 30,000[58]
Namazga-Tepe 14,000[36] 14,000[36]
Nekhen 21,000[58]
Niniveh 23,000[58] 33,000[58]
Nippur 20,000[36] 10,000[36] 10,000[36]
Palaikastro 18,000[49][68]
San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán 7,500[74]
Shahr-i Sokhta 20,000[36] 20,000[36]
Shuruppak 17,000[36]
Suheri 10,000[36] 10,000[36] 10,000[36]
Susa 25,000[36] 25,000[36]
Taosi 10,000[2] 14,000[2]
Tell Brak 15,000[36] 15,000[36]
Tell Churra 20,000[36]
Tell Leilan 20,000[36] 20,000[36]
Thebes 40,000[36] 40,000[36] 80,000[2] 80,000[2]
Thebes, Greece[45][75][76] 4,000–6,000 8,000
Tiryns[45][77][47][48] 1,200–1,800 10,000 10,000–15,000
Umma 34,000[36] 20,000[36] 10,000[36] 20,000[36]
Ur 60,000[2]
65,000[58]
Uruk 50,000[2][36] 75,000[2]
Yin (Anyang) 50,000[2]–120,000[38]
Zabala 10,000[36] 10,000[36] 10,000[36]
Zhengzhou 35,000[2]

Iron Age
Table 1: 1000-400 BC
City 1000 BC 900 BC 800 BC 700 BC 650 BC 600 BC 500 BC 430 BC 400 BC
Aegina 20,000–40,000[78] 20,000–40,000
Anuradhapura 48,000[58][71]
Anyi 100,000[38] 100,000[38]
Athens[79][80][81][82][83] 2,500–5,000[82] 2,500–5,000[82] 2,500–5,000[82] 10,000[82] 20,000[82] 40,000[82] 25,000[82]
Agrigento 40,000 40,000
Argos 30,000–60,000[79][83][84][85][86][87] 30,000–60,000
Ayodhya
Babylon 45,000[71]–100,000[88] 47,000[71] 60,000[71] 125,000[2] 150,000[2] 200,000[58] 150,000[2]
Benares
Capua 100,000[89][90] 100,000
Calah / Nimrud
Cerveteri 25,000–40,000[91][92][93][94][95]
Chicheng
Cuicuilco
Corinth 5,000[82] 20,000[82]
Crotone 50,000–80,000[96]
Ecbatana
Haojing 100,000[88] 125,000[38] 125,000[38] 33,000[58][71]
Hastinapur
Jerusalem 40,000[58][71] 49,942 (445 BC)[58]
Kamarina 20,000
Kerch 40,000[58][71]
Kingchow
Kalḫu (Nimrud) 75,000[2]
Kosambi 55,000[71]
Kweiteh / Shangqiu
Linzi 55,000–100,000[2][38] 80,000–100,000[71][38] 65,000–100,000[2][38] 80,000–100,000[2][38] 60,000–200,000[71][38] 100,000–200,000[2][38]
Luoyang 35,000[2][71]–100,000[97][98] 40,000[2] 45,000[2]–50,000[71] 55,000[2]–100,000[38] 70,000[71]–100,000[38] 65,000[2]–100,000[38] 200,000[38] 200,000[38] 100,000[2]–240,000[38]
Marib 45,000[71]
Memphis 35,000–100,000[88][71] 44,000[71] 65,000[71] 100,000[71]
Metapontum 40,000
Miletus
Niniveh 39,000[58] 100,000[2] 120,000[58]
Pataliputra / Patna 400,000[2]
Populonia 25,000–40,000[93][94][99][100]
Pyongyang
Tarquinia 20,000–40,000[93][94][99][101]
Thebes, Greece 30,000–60,000[102][103]

[104][105][106]

 30,000–60,000
Qufu 100,000[38] 100,000[38]
Rome 4,440[107] 24,400–40,000[108][107] 27,200 28,960[108]
Sais
San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán 13,000[109] 13,000[109]
Shangqiu 100,000[38] 130,000[38]
Sravasti 46,000[58]
Sparta 40,000–50,000[110]
Susa 40,000[58][71] 200,000[58][71]
Suzhou 100,000[38]
Syracuse 24,000–40,000[111][112][113] 24,000–40,000[79] 24,000–125,000[71][79]
Sybaris 100,000[114]
Taranto 110,000–150,000[115]
Thebes 50,000[2]–120,000[88] 50,000[2]
Vaisali
Veii 25,000–100,000[93][94][99][116][117]
Volsinii 13,000–40,000[93][94][99][116]
Vulci 15,000–40,000[93][94][116]
Xiadu 100,000[38] 100,000[38] 320,000[38] 300,000[38]
Xintian 100,000[38]
Xinzheng 100,000[38]
Xue
Yong 100,000[38]
Table 2: 300 BC-400 AD
City 300 BC 200 BC 100 BC AD 1 AD 100 AD 200 AD 300 AD 361 AD 400
Alexandria 150,000[2] 300,000[2][58]–600,000[38] 400,000[2] 250,000[71]–500,000[118] 500,000[118] 125,000[71]–200,000[58]
Augsburg 25,000–50,000 25,000–50,000[119]
Antioch 120,000[58] 400,000[82] 150,000[71]–250,000[120] 250,000[120] 150,000[71]
Anuradhapura 68,000[58][71] 130,000[58] 72,000[71]
Anyi 100,000[38]
Athens 25,000[82] 10,000[82] 10,000[82] 90,000[121] 90,000[121]
Autun 40,000–100,000[122][123] 40,000–100,000
Arles 10,000[124] 10,000[124] 75,000[125]
Ayodhya 63,000[71]
Aquileia 12,000[126] 12,000[126]
Carnuntum 12,000[120]–50,000[127][128] 12,000[120]–50,000[127][128]
Capua 100,000 100,000[89][90] 25,000–40,000
Carthage 150,000–200,000[58] 100,000[58]–300,000[129] 300,000[129]
Chang'an/Xi'an 100,000–400,000[38][2][58] 375,000–400,000[2][38] 246,000–500,000[130][38][2] 81,000–100,000[58][71][38] 120,000[2] 140,000[2] 80,000[71] 100,000[38]
Chengdu 100,000[38] 70,000[71]
Cổ Loa 40,000[38] 50,000[38]
Byzantium / Constantinople 15,000 20,000 150,000 200,000
Corinth 40,000–100,000[120][82][131]
Cologne 20,000–40,000[132][133] 20,000–40,000[132][134][135]
Ctesiphon 250,000[71]
Cuicuilco 36,000[71]
Datong 100,000[38]
El Mirador 200,000[136]
Ephesus 33,600[120]
Izapa 35,000[71]
Kaveri 59,000[71]
Linzi 125,000–350,000[2][38] 100,000[38] 100,000[38] 100,000[38] 100,000[38]
London 30,000 45,000–60,000[137]
Lugdunum 25,000–50,000[124][138] 25,000–50,000[124][138]
Luoyang 125,000[2]–240,000[38] 60,000[71] 200,000[38] 420,000[38][71] 140,000[2]–250,000[38] 200,000[38]
Milan 30,000–40,000[58] 100,000 25,000–100,000[139][140][141]
Monte Albán 5,200[142] 17,200[142] 17,200[142] 17,200[142] 17,200[142]
Nanjing 56,000[71] 78,000[71] 100,000[38] 150,000[71] 300,000[38]
Nimes 40,000–60,000[143][144][145]
Ostia Antica 25,000[119]–40,000[126] 25,000–50,000[119][126][146]
Paithan 60,000[71] 84,000[71]
Patala 73,000[71]
Pataliputra 350,000[58]–400,000 69,000[58][71] 250,000[58]
Peshawar 120,000[58]
Philippi 100,000[147]
Pingcheng 88,000[71] 200,000[2]
Pozzuoli 30,000–50,000 30,000[129]–50,000[119]
Pyay 69,000[71]
Qufu 100,000[38]–125,000[2]
Rhodes (city)[148][149][150] 100,000–200,000 100,000
Rome 100,000[108] 150,000–160,000[71][58] 400,000[2] 1,000,000[38][2] 1,000,000[2][38] 1,000,000[2] 800,000[2] 800,000[2] 800,000[2]
Salona 25,000[132] 25,000[132]
Seleucia 200,000[71] 400,000[82] 250,000 (CE 2)[58] 150,000[58]–250,000[71]
Shangqiu 100,000[38]
Suzhou 100,000[38] 66,000[71] 95,000[71] 58,000[71]
Syracuse 50,000–100,000[79] 90,000[151] 90,000[151]
Taxila 60,000[71]
Teotihuacán 60,000–80,000[152] 90,000[71]
Thessaloniki 30,000[121] 30,000[121]
Tikal 100,000[153][154]
Tres Zapotes 30,000[71]
Trier 10,000[132] 10,000[132]–50,000 50,000–100,000[119][125] 60,000
Ujjain 94,000[71] 80,000[71]
Wanxian 100,000[38]
Xiadu 300,000[38]
Xianyang 100,000[38] 100,000–300,000[58]
Xinzheng 120,000[38]–125,000[2]
Xuchang 140,000[2]
Ye 140,000[2] 120,000[71] 100,000[38]

Middle Ages
Early Middle Ages: 500-999 AD
City 500 600 622 700 775 800 900
Aleppo 72,000[71]
Athens 110,000[155]
Alexandria 94,000[71]–200,000[58] 216,000[58] 60,000–100,000 60,000–100,000
Angkor 90,000[71]
Anhilpur 80,000[71]
Antioch 150,000[71]
Anuradhapura 70,000[71]
Arles 10,000[156]
Ayodhya 75,000[71]
Badami 70,000[71]
Baghdad 175,000[2][71] 150,000[2]
Bakhalal 45,000[71]
Basra 100,000[71]
Benares 49,000[71] 59,000[71]
Carthage 100,000[58][71]
Chang'an / Xi'an 95,000[71][38]–400,000[58] 400,000[38]–600,000[2] 400,000[71] 1,000,000[38] 1,000,000[38][58][157] 600,000[71]–1,000,000[38][2] 100,000[38]–750,000[71][2]
Chengdu 94,000[71] 100,000[38] 100,000[38]
Chenla 70,000[71]
Chunar 72,000[71]
Constantinople 400,000[2]–500,000[58][158] 150,000[2] 150,000[71] 125,000[2] 40,000–50,000[2] 40,000–50,000[2] 150,000[2]
Copán 63,000[71]
Cologne 15,000–20,000[159] 21,000[159]
Córdoba 135,000[72] 160,000[71] 110,000[160]–175,000[2]
Ctesiphon 400,000[71] 200,000[161]–500,000[71]
Dali 90,000[71]–100,000[38]
Daloucheng /Hanoi 400,000[162]
Datong 200,000[38]
Dorestad 1,000–2,500 1,000–2,500
El Pilar 182,600[163]
El Tajín 40,000[71] 40,000[71] 50,000[71]
Fanyang (Youzhou) 100,000[38]
Florence 1,000 2,000–2,500 5,000
Fustat 100,000[71] 150,000[71]
Gao 72,000[71]
Granada 20,000
Guangzhou 200,000[38] 200,000[38]
Gwalior 65,000[71]
Huari 70,000[164]
Jiankang 500,000[38]
Jinyang (Taiyuan) 100,000[38] 100,000[38]
Kannauj 230,000 250,000 250,000 230,000[71] 200,000[71]
Kanchi 56,000[71] 70,000[71] 51,000[71]
Kyoto 200,000[165] 100,000–200,000[71][38] 200,000[38][58]
Laon 28,000[166]
Lhasa 100,000[38][71]
London 10,000–12,000
Luoyang 200,000[71]–500,000[38] 500,000[38] 200,000[71] 500,000[38] 300,000[71]–400,000[38] 150,000[71]–200,000[38]
Lyon 12,000[167]
Madurai 70,000[71] 70,000[71]
Mainz 20,000[159] 30,000[159]
Mandsaur 63,000[71]
Manyakheta 100,000[71]–200,000[168]
Metz 25,000[169] 14,000[169]
Milan 30,000 25,000[170] 30,000 (875)[171]
Naples 30,000[171] 30,000[171] 30,000[171]
Nanjing 150,000[71]–500,000[38]
Nara 100,000[38]
Orléans 10,000[156]
Padua 15,000[156]
Paris 10,000–30,000[58] 20,000
Patna / Pataliputra 500,000 300,000 100,000 74,000[71]
Pavia 15,000–20,000[58]
Poitiers 5,000–9,000[58] 5,000–9,000[58] 5,000–9,000[58] 10,000[58] 10,000[58]
Preslav 40,000–60,000[72]
Prambanan 60,000[71] 62,000[71]
Provins 10,000
Pyay 73,000[71] 100,000[71]
Pliska 34,000[172]
Ray 68,000[71]
Regensburg 25,000[159] 25,000
Reims 20,000[58]
Rennes 10,000
Rome 100,000 50,000[173]–90,000[174] 50,000[173] 50,000[173] 50,000[173] 50,000[175][58] 20,000–30,000[173]
Rouen 10,000
Seville 20,000 40,000 35,000 35,000 40,000–52,000[72]
Sialkot 85,000[71]
Speyer 20,000
Suzhou 70,000[71] 120,000[38] 100,000[38] 84,000[71]–100,000[38] 81,000[71]–100,000[38]
Teotihuacán 125,000[71][152] 60,000[71]
Thessaloniki 100,000 40,000 40,000 50,000 50,000[72]
Tikal 45,000[71] 40,000[71]
Toledo 25,000 28,000
Toulouse 10,000[58]
Tours 17,000[58] 20,000[58]
Tula 41,000[71] 50,000[71]
Trier 10,000[58] 15,000[58] 15,000–25,000[159]
Venice 37,000[58]
Verona 30,000[58] 25,000
Worms 10,000
Wuchang 100,000[38] 84,000[71]
Ye 200,000[38]
Later Middle Ages: 1000–1399
City 1000 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300 1350
Angkor 200,000[71] 125,000[71] 140,000[71] 150,000[71]
Amalfi 35,000[176]–80,000[72] 10,000–15,000[58]
Ani 100,000[177]–200,000[178]
Anhilpur 100,000[71] 100,000[71] 135,000[71]
Antioch 40,000 40,000
L'Aquila 40,000
Bagan 100,000[71] 150,000[71] 180,000[71] 180,000[71]
Baghdad 125,000[58] 150,000[71] 250,000[2] 150,000[58]
Beijing 130,000[71] 140,000[71] 401,000[71] 400,000[71]
Berlin 2,400 1,200–2,000 4,000–7,000
Bologna 50,000 50,000 23,000
Braunschweig 10,000[159] 21,000[58]
Bruges 12,000[159] 15,000[58] 25,000[58] 36,000[58] 50,000[58]
Cahokia 10,200–15,300[179] 25,000[180] 20,000–30,000[181]
Cairo 135,000[71] 150,000[71] 175,000[71] 200,000[71]–250,000[2] 300,000[71] 400,000[2][71] 350,000[71]
Chang'an / Xi'an 118,000[71] 114,000[71]
Chartres 7,000
Chunar 66,000[71]
Cologne 21,000[182] 25,000–35,000[58] 32,000–60,000[183] 52,000–60,000[182] 40,000–60,000[134][135][183] 57,000 (1333)[182]
Constantinople 150,000[2] 200,000[71]–250,000[2] 200,000[71] 150,000[71]–250,000[2] 100,000[184] 150,000[184] 80,000[184]
Córdoba 110,000[160][2] 60,000 (1103)[185] 60,000[185] 60,000[185] 40,000[185]
Cuttack 100,000[71] 90,000[71] 90,000[71]
Dali 100,000[38]

90,000[71]

 100,000[71]
Delhi 10,000[186] 60,000[186] 80,000[71] 100,000[71][186] 125,000[186]
Dhar 80,000[71]
Dwarasamudra 30,000 120,000 150,000
Edessa 25,000
Erfurt 10,000[159] 21,000[58] 32,000[58]
Fanyang (Youzhou) 100,000[38]
Fes 75,000[58] 125,000[71] 160,000[71] 200,000[71]–250,000[58] 200,000[71] 150,000[71]–200,000[58] 125,000[71]
Florence 13,000 20,000 30,000 50,000–110,000[187] 60,000–120,000[58][188] 40,000
Gangaikonda Cholapuram 200,000 300,000 300,000 250,000 150,000
Gaur 60,000[71] 90,000[71] 100,000[71]
Genoa 15,000[58]–80,000[187] 30,000[58] 100,000[189] 100,000[58]
Ghent 8,000[159] 12,000[58] 25,000[58] 65,000[190] 42,000[58]–65,000 57,000[58]
Guangzhou 140,000[71] 150,000[71] 150,000[71]
Hangzhou 80,000[71] 90,000[71] 145,000[71]–800,000[2] 255,000[71]–1,000,000[2] 320,000[71]–1,000,000[38] 432,000[71]–800,000[2] 432,000[71]
Jinzhou 85,000[71]
Kaifeng 400,000[38][58]–1,000,000[2] 442,000[71]–1,000,000[2] 150,000[71] 1,000,000[38]
Kalburgi 70,000[71]
Kalyan 150,000[71] 125,000[71]
Kannauj 72,000[71] 80,000[71] 92,000[71]
Khajuraho (Kalinjar) 100,000[58] 50,000[71]
Khambhat 50,000[71] 60,000[71]
Kiev 45,000[58] 48,000[58]–100,000[176] 36,000–50,000[58]
Kollam 60,000[71]
Kyoto 175,000[38]–300,000[58]
Laon 25,000[166]
London[191] 20,000–25,000 10,000–20,000 20,000–30,000 80,000–100,000[192] 25,000–50,000
Lübeck 6,000 18,800
Madurai 60,000[71]
Mainz 30,000[58] 30,000[58] 25,000[58] 25,000[58] 25,000[58] 24,000[58]
Manyakheta 71,000[71]
Marrakech 150,000[71] 150,000[71] 150,000[71] 125,000[71]
Marseille 6,000–7,000[58] 25,000[58] 40,000[58]
Merv 200,000[71] 70,000[58]
Metz 16,000 21,000[58] 23,000–27,000[58] 32,000[58]
Milan 15,000[173] 45,000 58,000 (1170)[58] 60,000[58]–100,000[173] 150,000 150,000–200,000[192][173][193][194] 50,000–200,000[187][193][194][140]
Montpellier 40,000–50,000[192]
Nabadwip 85,000[71]
Nanjing 130,000[71] 130,000[71] 130,000[71] 95,000[71]
Naples 30,000[58] 30,000[58] 30,000[58] 30,000[58] 30,000–36,000 (1278)[58] 40,000[58]–100,000 60,000 (1340)[58]
Nishapur 125,000[71]
Norwich 20,000–25,000
Padua 15,000[192] 35,000[192]
Palermo 60,000[160]–75,000 150,000 150,000[71] 50,000 (1277)[58] 40,000[58]–100,000[192]
Paris 20,000[195] 50,000–65,000[196][197][198][199] 110,000[195] 160,000[71] 200,000–270,000 (1328)[200] 215,000[71]
Polonnaruwa 75,000[71]
Prague 10,000[159] 22,000[58] 40,000[58] 50,000[58]
Puri 78,000[71] 72,000[71]
Ramavati 75,000[71]
Regensburg 40,000[159][176] 30,000
Rome 35,000[176][58] 30,000–40,000[173] 30,000–40,000[173] 40,000[173] 40,000–50,000[173] 15,000[201]–17,000[58]
Rouen 20,000[58] 20,000[58] 30,000–40,000[58] 50,000[58] 40,000–50,000[58][192]
Salerno 50,000[202] 50,000[58] 50,000 10,000 (1320)[58]
Sarai 120,000[71]
Seville 52,000 40,000–50,000[192]
Shangjing 140,000[38]
Speyer 25,000 30,000[58] 30,000[58] 30,000[58] 30,000[58] 25,000[58]
Suzhou 100,000[38] 96,000[71]
Tabriz 125,000[71] 100,000[71]
Thanjavur 200,000[71] 250,000 200,000
Thăng Long/Hanoi 300,000[203] 60,000[203]
Thessaloniki 40,000[58] 40,000[58] 40,000[58] 30,000[58] 50,000[58]–100,000[204] 50,000–150,000[176][205]
Toledo 37,000 35,000 42,000
Toulouse 35,000
Trier 20,000[159] 20,000[58] 20,000[58] 25,000[58]
Venice 45,000–60,000[139][206][207][208] 58,000 64,000–70,000[58] 70,000–80,000[193][58] 45,000[189] 100,000–120,000[71][193] 65,228 (1363)
Veliky Novgorod 10,000–18,000 20,000–40,000 50,000[209][210]
Verona 10,000 20,000–25,000 20,000–25,000 35,000–40,000
Vijayanagar 200,000
Warangal 63,000[71] 80,000[71]
Worms 20,000[159] 28,000[58] 25,000[58] 20,000[58]
York 8,000[192] 23,000[192]
Ypres 40,000–200,000[211] 30,000[58]
Renaissance: 1400–1599
City 1400 1450 1500 1550 1575
Aachen 15,000[212]
Adrianople / Edirne 28,000[58] 85,000[58] 125,000[58] 160,000[58] 183,000[58]
Agra 250,000 500,000
Ahmedabad 70,000[58] 80,000[58]–100,000[71] 140,000[71]–175,000[58] 300,000
Ahmednagar 70,000[71]
Alessandria 8,000[213]
Antwerp 18,000 (1374) 20,000 (1444) 40,000[212] 90,000[212] 104,984 (1568)[58][71]
Asti 8,000[213]
Augsburg 14,000 (1408)[214] 17,000 (1471)[214] 20,000[212] 45,000[212]
Ayutthaya 150,000[215] 150,000[215] 10,000 (1569)[215]
Bago 150,000[71] 175,000[71]
Beijing 150,000[71] 600,000[71] 672,000[71] 690,000[71] 706,000[71]
Bologna 40,000[216] 55,000[213] 61,731 (1569)[216][213] 72,395 (1588)[216]
Brescia 27,000[216] 30,000 (1440)[216] 49,000[213] 41,000[213]
Bursa 95,000[58] 130,000[71]
Bruges 37,000[193] 25,000 30,000[212] 35,000[212] 29,000 (1584)[217]
Cairo 125,000–360,000[2][71] 380,000[71] 400,000[2][58] 360,000[71] 275,000[71]
Chan Chan 60,000–100,000[218] 5,000–10,000[219]
Chang'an / Xi'an 150,000[58] 150,000[58] 127,000[71] 150,000[58]
Cologne 40,000[58] 30,000[212] 35,000[212] 37,000[58]
Como 10,000[213] 10,000[213]
Constantinople / Istanbul 75,000[58] 40,000–50,000[205] 200,000[58] 660,000[71] 680,000[71]
Crema 11,000[213]
Cremona 35,000[220] 40,000[213] 34,000[213]
Cuneo 6,000[213]
Cuttack 75,000[71] 100,000[71] 140,000[71] 90,000[71]
Cusco 45,000[221]
Delhi 80,000[71]–100,000[186] 160,000[186] 160,000[186]
Đông Kinh/Hanoi 330,000[203]
Fes 125,000[71] 150,000[58] 130,000[71]
Florence 45,000–61,000[58][187][222] 54,000 (1470)[58] 55,000–70,000[202][187][223] 59,216 (1562)[58]
Fossano 9,000[213]
Gao 60,000[71]
Gaur 150,000[71] 200,000[71]
Ghent 70,000[58] 40,000[212] 50,000[212]
Genoa 80,000–100,000[187][188] 120,000 (1460)[58] 60,000[213] 65,000[213]
Granada 100,000[58] 165,000[71] 70,000[202][58]
Guangzhou 150,000[71] 175,000[71] 150,000[71] 160,000[71] 170,000[71]
Gwalior 80,000[71]
Hangzhou 235,000[71] 250,000[71] 250,000[58] 260,000[71] 260,000[71]
Jaunpur 100,000[71]
Kalburgi 90,000[71]
Kano 50,000[71]
Khambhat 60,000[71]
Kollam 60,000[71]
Lodi 9,000[213]
London[191] 45,000[58] 75,000[58] 40,000[224] 80,000[224]
Lyon 20,000–35,000[58] 60,000[58] 50,000[225] 70,000[225]
Lübeck 17,200 21,568 25,444 22,452
Magdeburg 20,000[58] 24,000[58] 18,000[226] 40,000[58]
Mandu 70,000[71]
Mantua 28,000[213] 38,000[213]
Milan 125,000[189][193] 110,000[58] 100,000[213] 69,000[213] 115,000 (1574)
Modena 18,000[213] 16,000[213]
Nanjing 487,000[71] 150,000[71] 157,000[71] 182,000[71] 188,000[71]
Naples 40,000–100,000[58][188] 60,000 (1435)[58] 125,000[227]–150,000[228] 212,000[228] 215,000[71]
Novara 7,000[213]
Nuremberg 18,000[58] 25,982 (1449)[58] 36,000[226] 40,000[226]
Oyo-Ile 150,000 60,000[71]
Padua 27,000[213] 32,000[213]
Paris 100,000 (1422)[229] 150,000[71] 100,000[225] 130,000[225] 220,000[71]
Parma 19,000[213] 25,000[213]
Pavia 16,000[213] 13,000[213]
Piacenza 27,000[213]
Prague 40,000 30,000
Rome 33,000[230] 33,500 (1458)[230] 38,000[230]–55,000[228] 45,000[228] 80,000 (1580)
Rouen 40,000[225] 65,000[225]
Samarkand 130,000[71]
Seoul 100,000[58] 125,000[71] 150,000[58] 125,000[58]
Seville 15,000 (1384)[231] 60,000[231] 65,000 109,000 (1565)[231]
Suzhou 129,000[71]
Tabriz 150,000[71] 200,000[71] 250,000[71]
Tenochtitlan/Mexico City 200,000-400,00[232][233][234] 60,000[58]
Texcoco 60,000[71]
Venice 85,000–200,000[187][188] 150,000 (1423)[193] 100,000[213] 158,000[213] 134,871 (1581)
Verona 14,800 38,000[213] 52,000[213]
Vijayanagar 400,000[71] 550,000[71] 500,000[235]

Early Modern era
City 1600 1650 1700 1750 1800 1825 1850 1875
Aachen 14,171 (1601) 12,000[212] 15,000[212] 24,000[212] 35,428 56,190 (1849)[214] 79,606
Adrianople/Edirne 160,000[58] 132,000[58] 93,000[58] 96,000[58] 100,000[58] 125,000[58] 85,000[58]
Alexandria 15,000 (1693) 6,000 (1777) 4,000 (1798) 12,528 (1828) 138,000 212,000[236]
Antwerp 47,000[212] 70,000[212] 70,000[212] 46,000[212] 60,000[212] 88,000[237] 127,000[237]
Agra 500,000[58] 660,000[58] 60,000[58] 108,000[58] 149,008 (1872)[238]
Ahmedabad 300,000[58] 380,000[58] 400,000[71] 120,000[58] 89,000[58] 87,000 (1824) 94,390 (1846) 116,873 (1872)[238]
Amsterdam 59,551[239] 176,873[239] 235,224 233,952[71] 203,485 197,231 (1820) 223,700[237] 289,000[236]
Augsburg 48,000[212] 21,000[212] 21,000[212] 31,000[214] 28,000[212] 35,000[214] 57,210
Ayutthaya 100,000[215] 125,000[240] 150,000[215] 150,000[215] 30,000[215]
Baltimore 26,514 80,620 (1830) 169,054 299,000[236]
Barcelona 64,000 64,000 73,000 70,000 120,000 120,000 167,000 240,000[236]
Beijing 706,000[58] 470,000[71] 650,000[58] 900,000[71] 1,100,000[38][58] 1,350,000[71] 1,648,000[71] 1,310,000[58]
Berlin 25,000[212] 12,000[212] 55,000[212] 113,289[241] 172,132[241] 220,277 446,000 1,045,000[236]
Birmingham 2,000[224] 4,000[224] 7,000[224] 23,688[242] 73,670 (1801)[242] 122,000 294,000 480,000[236]
Bombay 100,000 163,000 (1826) 718,000[236]
Bordeaux 40,000[243] 40,000[243] 50,000[243] 67,000[243] 88,000[243] 142,000[244] 225,000[236]
Boston 6,700 20,000 35,248 61,392 (1830) 202,261 450,000[236]
Breslau 33,000–40,000[58][245] 37,000[58] 40,000[58] 52,000[58] 64,520[58] 89,500 (1831) 114,000[58] 239,050[58]
Brussels 55,000[58] 70,000[58] 70,000[58] 55,000[58]–60,000[237] 66,297[58][237] 208,000[58]–251,000[237] 327,000[236]
Budapest 25,000[246] 24,000[246] 54,000[246] 156,506[246] 325,000[236]
Cairo 200,000[71] 350,000[247] 350,000[247] 300,000[247] 210,960 257,783 267,160 345,028
Calcutta 200,000 230,000 (1822) 680,000[236]
Chicago 100 (1830) 29,963 405,000[236]
Cologne 40,000[212] 45,000[212] 42,000[212] 43,000[212][237] 42,000[212] 59,049 94,781 (1849)[237] 135,371
Copenhagen 40,000[58] 29,000 62,000[58] 93,000[237] 101,000[237] 108,000[58] 150,000 241,000[236]
Danzig 50,000[226] 70,000[226] 50,000[226] 46,000[226] 40,000[226] 61,900 65,000[58] 90,500 (1874)
Delhi 200,000[186] 500,000[186] 100,000[186] 125,000[186] 150,000[186] 156,000[186] 154,417 (1872)[248]
Dhaka 200,000[58] 200,000[58] 200,000[58] 135,000[58] 110,000[58] 66,989 (1830)[58] 60,617[58] 51,536 (1869)[58]
Dresden 14,793 (1603) 16,000 (1648) 21,298 (1699) 63,209 (1755) 61,794 61,886 (1830) 94,092 (1849) 197,295[236]
Dublin 5,000[249] 17,000[249] 60,000[249]–80,000[250] 90,000[249]–128,570 (1753)[250] 167,899 (1802)[249] 194,000[251] 263,000[252] 310,000[236]
Edinburgh 35,000 55,000 82,000 145,000 194,000 274,000[236]
Edo (Tokyo) 60,000[71] 430,000 688,000[71] 509,000[58] 685,000[71] 530,000[58] 567,000[58] 780,000[236]
Esfahān 125,000[58] 350,000[71] 350,000[71] 60,000[58] 50,000[58] 60,000[58] 76,088 (1870)
Genoa 71,000[213] 90,000[213] 80,000[213] 87,000[213] 91,000[213] 83,569 (1822) 100,696 130,269 (1872)
Glasgow[253] 7,000 14,000 14,000 23,500[237] 77,000[237] 170,000 346,000 635,000[236]
Guangzhou 180,000[71] 200,000[71] 200,000[71] 400,000[71] 800,000[71] 900,000[71] 875,000[71] 944,000[58]
Hangzhou 270,000[71] 281,000[71] 303,000[71] 340,000[71] 387,000[71] 410,000[71] 700,000[58] 50,000 (1864)
Hanoi 420,000[38] 480,000[203] 535,000 (1688)[254] 214,000[203] 165,000[203] 250,000 312,000[203]
Hoi An 60,000[255] 140,000[255] 160,000[255] 20,000
Ho Chi Minh City/Saigon 40,000 143,000[256] 243,430[257]
Hyderabad 80,000[258] 90,000[240] 200,000[258] 225,000[258] 200,000[258] 200,000[258] 200,000[258] 350,000[258]
Constantinople/Istanbul 400,000–700,000[2][71] 700,000[71] 600,000–700,000[2][71] 625,000[71] 570,000[71] 675,000[71] 785,000[71] 827,750 (1874)
Hamburg 40,000[245] 75,000 70,000[58] 75,000–90,000[259][58] 130,000[259] 124,838 (1830) 193,000[58] 348,000[236]
Kagoshima 50,000 51,000[58] 57,000[58] 67,000[71] 72,350[58] 72,000[58] 89,374 (1873)
Kanazawa 50,000[58] 55,106[58] 67,000[71] 78,000[58] 97,000[58] 103,000[58] 116,000[58] 109,685 (1873)
Kyoto 300,000[71] 350,000[260] 350,000[261][71] 362,000[252] 377,000[262] 350,000[251] 323,000[252] 238,663 (1873)[263]
Königsberg 40,000 (1663) 40,600 (1708) 60,000[224] 59,000[224] 67,125 79,887 (1852) 122,636
Lahore 350,000[58] 200,000[58] 94,000[58] 99,000 (1872)[263]
Leipzig 20,000 14,000 (1648) 15,653 (1699) 35,000 32,146 41,506 62,374 (1849) 209,000[236]
Lisbon 110,000[58] 165,000 (1639)[58] 188,000[58] 148,000–213,000[259][58] 180,000–237,000[259][58] 249,000[58] 240,000–259,000[259][58] 235,000 (1870)[259]
Liverpool 5,714 22,000[259] 77,653 (1801)[259] 170,000[58] 375,955 (1851)[264] 650,000[236]
London 200,000[224] 400,000[224] 575,000[224] 675,000[224] 865,000[224] 1,335,000[71] 2,320,000[71] 4,241,000[71]
Lyon 40,000[225] 75,000[225] 97,000[225] 114,000[259] 102,167 (1793) 115,841 (1820) 254,000 331,000[236]
Lübeck 22,570 31,068 19,978 17,644 24,631 25,600 26,098 44,799
Madras 15,000 55,000 125,000 172,000 310,000 400,000[236]
Madrid 49,000[265] 130,000[265] 110,000[265] 109,000[259][265] 167,000[265] 181,400 (1826)[58] 263,000[259][58] 407,000[236]
Manchester 5,000[224] 9,000[224] 18,000[224] 70,000[224] 155,000 412,000 590,000[236]
Marseille 40,000[225] 66,000[225] 75,000[225] 68,000[225][259] 78,000[225] 119,000[58] 193,000[58] 316,000[236]
Mexico City 75,000[58] 90,000[58] 100,000[58] 110,000[58] 128,000[58] 176,000[58] 170,000[264][58] 250,000[58]
Milan[189] 120,000[213] 100,000[213] 124,000[213] 123,618[58][259][213] 134,528[58][213] 168,000[58] 193,000[58] 277,000[236]
Moscow 80,000[58] 200,000 (1638) 130,000[58] 130,000–161,000[259][58] 238,000[58] 241,500 373,800[264] 601,969 (1871)
Munich 20,000[226] 10,000[226] 21,000[226] 32,000[226][259] 34,000[226] 62,290 96,398 198,000[236]
Nagoya 65,000[58] 65,000[71] 96,000[58] 92,000[71] 116,000 125,193 (1873)[263]
Nanjing 194,000[71] 178,000[71] 300,000[58] 285,000[58] 220,000[58] 200,000[58] 300,000[58]
Naples 400,000[228] 176,000[228] 216,000[228] 305,000[228] 427,000[228] 350,000[71] 413,000[264]–416,000[58] 450,000[236]
New Orleans 8,056 46,082 (1830) 116,375 210,000[236]
New York City 4,436 (1703) 13,296 (1749) 63,000 170,000 682,000 1,900,000[71]
Nuremberg 40,000[226] 25,000[226] 40,000[226] 30,000[226][259] 27,000[226][259] 54,000[259] 91,017
Osaka 200,000–360,000[71] 220,000 350,000–380,000[266][267][71] 400,000 (1749) 383,000–500,000 (1783)[58][266] 340,000[58] 300,000 320,000[236]
Palermo 105,000[268][228] 128,000[240] 100,000[228] 118,000[228] 139,000[228] 168,000[251] 182,000[252] 219,000[236]
Paris 220,000[225] 430,000[225] 510,000[225] 576,000[225] 581,000[225] 855,000[71] 1,314,000[71] 2,250,000[71]
Philadelphia 4,400 14,563 (1753) 68,200 138,000 426,221 791,000[236]
Prague 60,000 25,000 39,000[269] 58,000[270][269] 77,403[58][270][269] 98,000 117,000[270] 223,371 (1869)
Rio de Janeiro 20,000 29,000 44,000 166,419 274,000[236]
Rome 105,000[228] 124,000[228] 138,000[228] 156,000[228] 163,000[228] 138,000 170,000 252,000[236]
Rouen 60,000[225] 82,000[225] 64,000[225] 67,000[225] 81,000[225] 92,083 (1836) 104,142 (1851)[271] 104,902 (1876)
Saint Petersburg 138,000[272] 220,200[272] 438,000[71] 502,000[272] 764,000[236]
Seoul 150,000[71] 158,000[71] 187,000[71] 190,000[58] 192,000[58] 194,000[58]
Seville 121,000 (1597)[231] 65,000[265] 96,000[265] 66,000[265][270] 96,000[265] 75,000 (1820) 106,000[270] 133,247 (1877)
Shanghai 45,000 60,000 100,000 115,000 250,000 400,000[236]
Sunpu 100,000[71] 31,555 (1873)[273]
St. Louis 925 (1799) 4,977 (1830) 77,860 338,000[236]
Suzhou 175,000[58] 145,000[58] 245,000[58] 302,000[58] 243,000[71] 302,000[71] 550,000[58] 250,000[58]
Turin 24,000[213] 37,000[213] 42,000[213] 57,000[213] 82,000[213] 109,000[251] 138,000[252] 216,000[236]
Warsaw 35,000[274] 21,000[274] 28,000[274] 75,000[274] 124,000[251] 163,000[274] 311,000[236]
Venice[189] 139,000[213] 120,000[213] 138,000[213] 149,000[213] 138,000[213] 109,927 106,000[270] 129,676
Vienna[275][276] 50,000[269] 60,000[269] 114,000[269] 175,400[269] 231,000[269] 401,200 551,300 1,020,770
Xi'an 138,000[71] 147,000[58] 167,000[71] 195,000[71] 224,000[71] 259,000[71] 275,000[58] 250,000[58]
Yamaguchi 80,000[71]

Current
See List of cities by population for current data.
gollark: I could make the code-using ones check if they're going to *directly* recurse. But mutual recursion is not really fixable.
gollark: So how can metagollarious recursion be prevented?
gollark: Technically, not tail recursion.
gollark: ```schemeWarning: "exit" called while processing on-exit tasksError: uncaught exception: #<condition: (user-interrupt)> Call history: <eval> [metagollariosity] (z y x z) <eval> [metagollariosity] (z y x z) <eval> [metagollariosity] (z y x z) <eval> [metagollariosity] (z y x z) <eval> [metagollariosity] (z y x z) <eval> [metagollariosity] (z y x z) <eval> [metagollariosity] (z y x z) <eval> [metagollariosity] (z y x z) <eval> [metagollariosity] (z y x z) <eval> [metagollariosity] (z y x z) <eval> [metagollariosity] (z y x z) <eval> [metagollariosity] (z y x z) <eval> [metagollariosity] (z y x z) <eval> [metagollariosity] (z y x z) <eval> [metagollariosity] (z y x z) <eval> [metagollariosity] (z y x z) <--```How exciting.
gollark: Oh, gollariosity or something is simulating ITSELF.

See also

Citations
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