Diacetylene

Diacetylene
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name Buta-1,3-diyne
	Other names 1,3-Butadiyne; Biacetylene; Butadiyne
Identifiers
CAS Number	460-12-8 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
Beilstein Reference	1236317
ChEBI	CHEBI:37820 ;
ChemSpider	9603 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.006.641
EC Number	207-303-9;
PubChem CID	9997;
UNII	6389J044O5 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID8060036 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C4H2/c1-3-4-2/h1-2H Key: LLCSWKVOHICRDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/C4H2/c1-3-4-2/h1-2H Key: LLCSWKVOHICRDD-UHFFFAOYAU;
	SMILES C#CC#C;
Properties
Chemical formula	C4H2
Molar mass	50.060 g·mol−1
Appearance	Gas
Boiling point	10 °C (50 °F; 283 K)
Hazards
Main hazards	Highly flammable; Peroxide forming
Safety data sheet	External MSDS
GHS pictograms
GHS Signal word	Danger
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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	Infobox references

Diacetylene (also known as butadiyne) is the organic compound with the formula C₄H₂. It is the simplest compound containing two triple bonds. It is first in the series of polyynes, which are of theoretical but not of practical interest.

Occurrence

Diacetylene has been identified in the atmosphere of Titan and in the protoplanetary nebula CRL 618 by its characteristic vibrational spectrum. It is proposed to arise by a reaction between acetylene and the ethynyl radical (C₂H), which is produced when acetylene undergoes photolysis. This radical can in turn attack the triple bond in acetylene and react efficiently even at low temperatures. Diacetylene has also been detected on the Moon.

Preparation

This compound may be made by the dehydrohalogenation of 1,4-dichloro-2-butyne by potassium hydroxide (in alcoholic medium) at ~70°C:[1]

ClCH₂C≡CCH₂Cl + 2 KOH → HC≡C−C≡CH + 2 KCl + 2 H₂O

The bis(trimethylsilyl)-protected derivative may be prepared by the Hay coupling of (trimethylsilyl)acetylene:[2]

2 Me₃Si−C≡CH → Me₃Si−C≡C−C≡C−SiMe₃

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References

Verkruijsse, H. D.; Brandsma, L. (1991). "A Detailed Procedure for the Preparation of Butadiyne". Synthetic Communications. 21 (5): 657. doi:10.1080/00397919108020833.
Graham E. Jones, David A. Kendrick, and Andrew B. Holmes (1993). "1,4-Bis(trimethylsilyl)buta-1,3-diyne". Organic Syntheses. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.065.0052.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link); Collective Volume, 8, p. 63

Diacetylene

Occurrence

Preparation

See also

References

Further reading