CD24

Signal transducer CD24 also known as cluster of differentiation 24 or heat stable antigen CD24 (HSA) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD24 gene.[3] CD24 is a cell adhesion molecule.

CD24
Identifiers
Aliases	CD24, CD24A, CD24 molecule
External IDs	OMIM: 600074 GeneCards: CD24
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 6 (human)[1] Band 6q21 Start 106,969,831 bp[1] End 106,975,627 bp[1]
Gene ontology Molecular function • protein tyrosine kinase activator activity • signal transducer activity • GO:0001948 protein binding • protein kinase binding Cellular component • membrane • cell membrane • cell surface • anchored component of external side of plasma membrane • membrane raft • anchored component of membrane • intracellular Biological process • response to hypoxia • regulation of MAPK cascade • positive regulation of MAP kinase activity • regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway • positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration • chemokine receptor transport out of membrane raft • T cell costimulation • regulation of phosphorylation • Wnt signaling pathway • negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta3 production • cell activation • immune response-regulating cell surface receptor signaling pathway • response to estrogen • respiratory burst • intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway • glomerular parietal epithelial cell differentiation • cell adhesion • glomerular visceral epithelial cell differentiation • cholesterol homeostasis • regulation of epithelial cell differentiation • response to molecule of bacterial origin • cell migration • B cell receptor transport into membrane raft • positive regulation of nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation • positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation • positive regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity • cell-cell adhesion Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	100133941	n/a
Ensembl	ENSG00000272398	n/a
UniProt	P25063	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001291737 NM_001291738 NM_001291739 NM_013230 NM_001359084	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001278666 NP_001278667 NP_001278668 NP_037362 NP_001346013	n/a
Location (UCSC)	Chr 6: 106.97 – 106.98 Mb	n/a
PubMed search	[2]	n/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Function

CD24 is a sialoglycoprotein expressed at the surface of most B lymphocytes and differentiating neuroblasts. It is also expressed on neutrophils[4] and neutrophil precursors from the myelocyte stage onwards. The encoded protein is anchored via a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI) link to the cell surface. The protein also contributes to a wide range of downstream signaling networks and is crucial for neural development.[5] Cross-linking of CD24 on the surface of neutrophils induces apoptosis,[6] and this appears to be defective in sepsis.[6] CD24 gene is found on chromosome 6 (6q21) An alignment of this gene's sequence finds genomic locations with similarity on chromosomes 1p36, 3p26, 15q21.3, 20q11.2 and Yq11.222. Whether transcription, and corresponding translation, occurs at each of these other genomic locations needs to be experimentally determined (source: NCBI).

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000272398 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
3. Hough MR, Rosten PM, Sexton TL, Kay R, Humphries RK (July 1994). "Mapping of CD24 and homologous sequences to multiple chromosomal loci". Genomics. 22 (1): 154–61. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1356. PMID 7959762.
4. Elghetany MT, Patel J (December 2002). "Assessment of CD24 expression on bone marrow neutrophilic granulocytes: CD24 is a marker for the myelocytic stage of development". American Journal of Hematology. 71 (4): 348–9. doi:10.1002/ajh.10176. PMID 12447971.
5. Gilliam DT, Menon V, Bretz NP, Pruszak J (March 2017). "The CD24 surface antigen in neural development and disease". Neurobiology of Disease. 99: 133–144. doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2016.12.011. PMID 27993646.
6. Parlato M, Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes F, Philippart F, Misset B, Adib-Conquy M, Cavaillon JM (March 2014). "CD24-triggered caspase-dependent apoptosis via mitochondrial membrane depolarization and reactive oxygen species production of human neutrophils is impaired in sepsis". Journal of Immunology. 192 (5): 2449–59. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1301055. PMID 24501201.

Further reading

• Li D, Zheng L, Jin L, Zhou Y, Li H, Fu J, Shi M, Du P, Wang L, Wu H, Chen GY, Zheng P, Liu Y, Wang FS, Wang S (September 2009). "CD24 polymorphisms affect risk and progression of chronic hepatitis B virus infection". Hepatology. 50 (3): 735–42. doi:10.1002/hep.23047. PMID 19610054.
• Piotrowski P, Lianeri M, Wudarski M, Łacki JK, Jagodziński PP (June 2010). "CD24 Ala57Val gene polymorphism and the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus". Tissue Antigens. 75 (6): 696–700. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.2010.01447.x. PMID 20230526.
• Honeth G, Bendahl PO, Ringnér M, Saal LH, Gruvberger-Saal SK, Lövgren K, Grabau D, Fernö M, Borg A, Hegardt C (2008). "The CD44+/CD24- phenotype is enriched in basal-like breast tumors". Breast Cancer Research. 10 (3): R53. doi:10.1186/bcr2108. PMC 2481503. PMID 18559090.
• Nagy B, Szendroi A, Romics I (June 2009). "Overexpression of CD24, c-myc and phospholipase 2A in prostate cancer tissue samples obtained by needle biopsy". Pathology Oncology Research. 15 (2): 279–83. doi:10.1007/s12253-008-9077-1. PMID 18752058.
• Kim KH, Choi JS, Kim JM, Choi YL, Shin YK, Lee HC, Seong IO, Kim BK, Chae SW, Kim SH (March 2009). "Enhanced CD24 expression in endometrial carcinoma and its expression pattern in normal and hyperplastic endometrium". Histology and Histopathology. 24 (3): 309–16. doi:10.14670/HH-24.309. PMID 19130400.
• Buess M, Rajski M, Vogel-Durrer BM, Herrmann R, Rochlitz C (October 2009). "Tumor-endothelial interaction links the CD44(+)/CD24(-) phenotype with poor prognosis in early-stage breast cancer". Neoplasia. 11 (10): 987–1002. doi:10.1593/neo.09670. PMC 2745665. PMID 19794958.
• Pruszak J, Ludwig W, Blak A, Alavian K, Isacson O (December 2009). "CD15, CD24, and CD29 define a surface biomarker code for neural lineage differentiation of stem cells". Stem Cells. 27 (12): 2928–40. doi:10.1002/stem.211. PMC 3322476. PMID 19725119.
• Liu Y, Chen GY, Zheng P (December 2009). "CD24-Siglec G/10 discriminates danger- from pathogen-associated molecular patterns". Trends in Immunology. 30 (12): 557–61. doi:10.1016/j.it.2009.09.006. PMC 2788100. PMID 19786366.
• Vesuna F, Lisok A, Kimble B, Raman V (December 2009). "Twist modulates breast cancer stem cells by transcriptional regulation of CD24 expression". Neoplasia. 11 (12): 1318–28. doi:10.1593/neo.91084. PMC 2794513. PMID 20019840.
• Sagiv E, Arber N (February 2008). "The novel oncogene CD24 and its arising role in the carcinogenesis of the GI tract: from research to therapy". Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 2 (1): 125–33. doi:10.1586/17474124.2.1.125. PMID 19072375.
• Bauerschmitz GJ, Ranki T, Kangasniemi L, Ribacka C, Eriksson M, Porten M, Herrmann I, Ristimäki A, Virkkunen P, Tarkkanen M, Hakkarainen T, Kanerva A, Rein D, Pesonen S, Hemminki A (July 2008). "Tissue-specific promoters active in CD44+CD24-/low breast cancer cells". Cancer Research. 68 (14): 5533–9. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-5288. PMID 18632604.
• Carl JW, Liu JQ, Joshi PS, El-Omrani HY, Yin L, Zheng X, Whitacre CC, Liu Y, Bai XF (July 2008). "Autoreactive T cells escape clonal deletion in the thymus by a CD24-dependent pathway". Journal of Immunology. 181 (1): 320–8. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.181.1.320. PMID 18566397.
• Baumhoer D, Riener MO, Zlobec I, Tornillo L, Vogetseder A, Kristiansen G, Dietmaier W, Hartmann A, Wuensch PH, Sessa F, Ruemmele P, Terracciano LM (February 2009). "Expression of CD24, P-cadherin and S100A4 in tumors of the ampulla of Vater". Modern Pathology. 22 (2): 306–13. doi:10.1038/modpathol.2008.192. PMID 19043399.
• Wang W, Wang X, Peng L, Deng Q, Liang Y, Qing H, Jiang B (January 2010). "CD24-dependent MAPK pathway activation is required for colorectal cancer cell proliferation". Cancer Science. 101 (1): 112–9. doi:10.1111/j.1349-7006.2009.01370.x. PMID 19860845.
• Sano A, Kato H, Sakurai S, Sakai M, Tanaka N, Inose T, Saito K, Sohda M, Nakajima M, Nakajima T, Kuwano H (February 2009). "CD24 expression is a novel prognostic factor in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma". Annals of Surgical Oncology. 16 (2): 506–14. doi:10.1245/s10434-008-0252-0. PMID 19050962.
• Yang XR, Xu Y, Yu B, Zhou J, Li JC, Qiu SJ, Shi YH, Wang XY, Dai Z, Shi GM, Wu B, Wu LM, Yang GH, Zhang BH, Qin WX, Fan J (September 2009). "CD24 is a novel predictor for poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma after surgery". Clinical Cancer Research. 15 (17): 5518–27. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-09-0151. PMID 19706825.
• Lee JH, Kim SH, Lee ES, Kim YS (November 2009). "CD24 overexpression in cancer development and progression: a meta-analysis". Oncology Reports. 22 (5): 1149–56. doi:10.3892/or_00000548. PMID 19787233.
• Gekara NO, Weiss S (November 2004). "Lipid rafts clustering and signalling by listeriolysin O". Biochemical Society Transactions. 32 (Pt 5): 712–4. doi:10.1042/BST0320712. PMID 15493995.
• Athanassiadou P, Grapsa D, Gonidi M, Athanassiadou AM, Tsipis A, Patsouris E (2009). "CD24 expression has a prognostic impact in breast carcinoma". Pathology, Research and Practice. 205 (8): 524–33. doi:10.1016/j.prp.2009.01.008. PMID 19243896.
• Ronaghi M, Vallian S, Etemadifar M (December 2009). "CD24 gene polymorphism is associated with the disease progression and susceptibility to multiple sclerosis in the Iranian population". Psychiatry Research. 170 (2–3): 271–2. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2009.01.002. PMID 19896210.

External links

• CD24+Antigen at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• Mouse CD Antigen Chart
• Human CD Antigen Chart
• www.copewithcytokines.de: description of CD24 expression
• CD24 human gene location in the UCSC Genome Browser.
• CD24 human gene details in the UCSC Genome Browser.