Napranum, Queensland

Napranum is a town in the locality of Mission River in the Aboriginal Shire of Napranum, Queensland, Australia.[2]

Napranum
Queensland
Napranum seen from Weipa
Napranum
Coordinates12.6835°S 141.8884°E / -12.6835; 141.8884
Population957 (2016 census)[1]
 • Density0.4797/km2 (1.2424/sq mi)
Postcode(s)4874
Area1,995 km2 (770.3 sq mi)
Location
  • 2,474 km (1,537 mi) NW of Brisbane
  • 819 km (509 mi) NW of Cairns
  • 9 km (6 mi) S of Weipa
LGA(s)Aboriginal Shire of Napranum
State electorate(s)Cook
Federal Division(s)Leichhardt
WebsiteNapranum

Etymology

Napranum is a compound word made from two languages of the local area. "Nap" (Trotj language) pronounced "naap", meaning "meeting place" and "pranum" (Thaynakwith language) meaning "meeting of people". In combination, Napranum means "meeting place of the people".[3]

Geography

Napranum is on the western coast of Cape York Peninsula in remote Far North Queensland, adjacent to the town of Weipa and approximately 600km north west of Cairns, although the distance is 819km by road.

History

Formerly known as Weipa South, Napranum was established in 1898 by Moravian missionaries on behalf of the Presbyterian church. The Protector of Aborigines at the time, Archibald Meston, protested against the establishment of the mission on the grounds that the people were healthy and could adequately sustain themselves. Despite this, the mission went ahead inland near York Downs station to avoid contact with luggers who were notorious for kidnapping Aboriginal people to exploit in their diving operation.

A school was established in 1900 at the mission.[4]

Very restrictive legislation was enacted by the state of Queensland in 1911, giving the Protector exceptional powers. It stated in sections 10 and 17:

"The Chief Protector shall be the legal guardian of every Aborigine and half-caste child, notwithstanding that any such child has a parent or other relative living, until such child attains the age of 21 years." And, "The Chief Protector may cause any aborigine or half-caste to be kept within the boundaries of any reserve or Aboriginal institution, or be removed from one reserve or institution and kept herein."[5]

Jan Roberts notes that the only other people treated like this were criminals and the insane. The Protector was also given the right to confine (or expel) any such person within any reserve or Aboriginal institution, and the right to imprison any Aborigine or half-caste for 14 days if, in the Protector's judgement, they were guilty of neglect of duty, gross insubordination or wilful preaching of disobedience. It also gave powers to the police to confine Aborigines to reserves to "protect them from corruption". This latter power was used by Comalco in 1957 to justify the removal of Weipa Aborigines.[5]

In 1932 the community had to relocate to its present site, at Jessica Point, because of malaria. At this time most of the people were Awngthim but soon different tribes and clans were brought from Old Mapoon (when the people were forcibly removed and the settlement burnt down on 15 November 1963),[6] and other communities.

In 1955 a geologist, Henry Evans (1912–1990), discovered that the red cliffs on the Aboriginal reserve, previously remarked on by the early Dutch explorers and Matthew Flinders, were actually enormous deposits of bauxite (the ore from which aluminium is made) and to a lesser extent, tungsten.

The Comalco Act of 1957 (Qld) revoked the reserve status, giving the company 5,760 square km (2,270 sq mi) of Aboriginal reserve land on the west coast of the Peninsula and 5,135 square km (1,933 sq mi) on the east coast of Aboriginal-owned (though not reserve) land.[7] Mining commenced in 1960. The mission became a government settlement in 1966 with continued attempts by Comalco to relocate the whole community elsewhere. The company then built a new town for its workers on the other side of the bay.

The Queensland Government took control of the mission in 1966.

Weipa South Post Office opened on 1 December 1967 and closed in 1982.[8]

Napranum eventually received DOGIT status, and has its own community council separate from the Shire of Cook.

At the 2006 census, Napranum had a population of 830.[9]

In mid-July 2020 allegations emerged of a gang rape on 1 July at Napranum, of a five year old boy by three boys aged between 10 and 13. The five year old was flown to Cairns for emergency medical treatment.[10] The Australian was told that it was "not the first time something like this has happened."[11]

Facilities

In 1964 the Queensland Education Department provided the teacher for the school instead of the Mission Board. Around this time, it was named Weipa Provisional School. In 1966 it was renamed Weipa South State School, then in 1976 it was renamed Jessica Point State School. On 1 January 2002 it become the Napranum Campus of the Western Cape College. The campus closed in 2005 with the students transferred to the Weipa Campus of the college.[4]

A police citizens youth club was opened in 2019 on Napranum Road.[12]

Napranum has the Mary Ann Coconut Library (Indigenous Knowledge Centre - IKC) at 320 Wa-Tyne Street, Weipa. It is operated by the Napranum Aboriginal Shire Council.[13]

  • The Napranum community cemetery.
  • Local artwork on community sports ground building.
  • Looking towards the Embley River from the township. Source of fishing and boating.

See also
  • Weipa

References
  1. Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Napranum (S)". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 8 December 2017.
  2. "Napranum - town in Aboriginal Shire of Napranum (entry 23838)". Queensland Place Names. Queensland Government. Retrieved 27 January 2020.
  3. "Napranum Shire Profile". Napranum Shire Council. 1 March 2017. Retrieved 23 July 2020.
  4. Queensland Family History Society (2010), Queensland schools past and present (Version 1.01 ed.), Queensland Family History Society, ISBN 978-1-921171-26-0
  5. Massacres to Mining: The Colonisation of Aboriginal Australia, p. 34. Jan Roberts. 1981. Dove Communications. ISBN 0-85924-171-8.
  6. Massacres to Mining: The Colonisation of Aboriginal Australia, pp. 115-116. Jan Roberts. 1981. Dove Communications. ISBN 0-85924-171-8.
  7. Massacres to Mining: The Colonisation of Aboriginal Australia, p. 97. Jan Roberts. 1981. Dove Communications. ISBN 0-85924-171-8.
  8. Premier Postal History. "Post Office List". Premier Postal Auctions. Retrieved 10 May 2014.
  9. Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Napranum (L) (Urban Centre/Locality)". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 3 May 2009.
  10. "Police respond after boy, 5, 'gang-raped' on remote Queensland beach". 7news.com.au. 17 July 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2020.
  11. "Boy, 5, allegedly gang raped in brutal attack on Cape York beach". news.com.au. 17 July 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2020.
  12. "PCYC Napranum". Police Citizens Youth Club Queensland. Police Citizens Youth Club Queensland. Retrieved 10 May 2020.
  13. "Napranum (Mary Ann Coconut Library)". plconnect.slq.qld.gov.au. State Library of Queensland. Retrieved 22 January 2018.
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