Karl Wilhelm Reinmuth
Karl Wilhelm Reinmuth (April 4, 1892 in Heidelberg – May 6, 1979 in Heidelberg) was a German astronomer and a prolific discoverer of 395 minor planets.[2][3]
Karl Wilhelm Reinmuth | |
|---|---|
| Born | April 4, 1892 Heidelberg, Germany |
| Died | May 6, 1979 (aged 87) Heidelberg, Germany |
| Occupation | Astronomer |
| see § List of discovered minor planets |
Scientific career
From 1912 to 1957, Reinmuth was working as an astronomer at the Heidelberg Observatory (German: Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl) an astronomical observatory on the Königstuhl hill above Heidelberg in southern Germany. He was a member at the minor planet group at ARI between 1947 and 1950, and later became "Oberobservator" or chief-observer at Heidelberg Observatory until his retirement in 1957.[4] Reinmuth obtained more than 12,500 precise astrometric measurements of minor planets positions on photographic plates, an enormous work task before the advent of any computer based assistance.[2]
Honors
The outer main-belt asteroid 1111 Reinmuthia, discovered by himself at Heidelberg in 1912, was named in his honor (H 104).[3]
Discoveries
Among his most notable discoveries are the two near-Earth objects (NEOs) 1862 Apollo, the namesake of the Apollo group which became the largest group of asteroids within the NEO category with nearly 8,000 members, and 69230 Hermes, famous for being a lost asteroid for more than half a century until its recovery in 2003, and for being the only unnumbered but named asteroid during that period.
He also discovered several large Jupiter trojans including 911 Agamemnon, 1143 Odysseus, 1172 Äneas, 1173 Anchises, 1208 Troilus, 1404 Ajax, 1437 Diomedes and 1749 Telamon. The main-belt asteroid 5535 Annefrank, which he discovered in 1942 during World War II, was later visited by the Stardust spacecraft in 2002.[5] His lowest numbered minor planet discovery is 796 Sarita, an asteroid from the middle region of the main-belt.[2] Reinmuth also discovered two periodic comets of the Jupiter family, namely 30P/Reinmuth and 44P/Reinmuth.[6][7]
Meta-naming
The initials of the minor planets (1227) through (1234), all discovered by Reinmuth, spell out "G. Stracke". Gustav Stracke was a German astronomer and orbit computer, who had asked that no planet be named after him. In this manner Reinmuth was able to honour the man whilst honouring his wish:[8]
- 1227 Geranium
- 1228 Scabiosa
- 1229 Tilia
- 1230 Riceia
- 1231 Auricula
- 1232 Cortusa
- 1233 Kobresia
- 1234 Elyna
Later 1019 Strackea, also discovered by Reinmuth, was named after Stracke.
List of discovered minor planets
Karl Reinmuth is credited by the Minor Planet Center with the discovery of 395 minor planets made during 1914–1957, with an interruption from April 1943 to July 1949 due to the end and the aftermath of WWII.[1]
| 796 Sarita | 15 October 1914 |
| 799 Gudula | 9 March 1915 |
| 864 Aase | 30 September 1921 |
| 909 Ulla | 7 February 1919 |
| 910 Anneliese | 1 March 1919 |
| 911 Agamemnon | 19 March 1919 |
| 913 Otila | 19 May 1919 |
| 918 Itha | 22 August 1919 |
| 920 Rogeria | 1 September 1919 |
| 921 Jovita | 4 September 1919 |
| 922 Schlutia | 18 September 1919 |
| 923 Herluga | 30 September 1919 |
| 924 Toni | 20 October 1919 |
| 926 Imhilde | 15 February 1920 |
| 928 Hildrun | 23 February 1920 |
| 929 Algunde | 10 March 1920 |
| 933 Susi | 10 February 1927 |
| 935 Clivia | 7 September 1920 |
| 936 Kunigunde | 8 September 1920 |
| 937 Bethgea | 12 September 1920 |
| 938 Chlosinde | 9 September 1920 |
| 939 Isberga | 4 October 1920 |
| 940 Kordula | 10 October 1920 |
| 942 Romilda | 11 October 1920 |
| 943 Begonia | 20 October 1920 |
| 948 Jucunda | 3 March 1921 |
| 950 Ahrensa | 1 April 1921 |
| 954 Li | 4 August 1921 |
| 955 Alstede | 5 August 1921 |
| 956 Elisa | 8 August 1921 |
| 957 Camelia | 7 September 1921 |
| 958 Asplinda | 28 September 1921 |
| 959 Arne | 30 September 1921 |
| 960 Birgit | 1 October 1921 |
| 961 Gunnie | 10 October 1921 |
| 962 Aslög | 25 October 1921 |
| 963 Iduberga | 26 October 1921 |
| 968 Petunia | 24 November 1921 |
| 970 Primula | 29 November 1921 |
| 973 Aralia | 18 March 1922 |
| 974 Lioba | 18 March 1922 |
| 979 Ilsewa | 29 June 1922 |
| 983 Gunila | 30 July 1922 |
| 984 Gretia | 27 August 1922 |
| 985 Rosina | 14 October 1922 |
| 987 Wallia | 23 October 1922 |
| 994 Otthild | 18 March 1923 |
| 997 Priska | 12 July 1923 |
| 998 Bodea | 6 August 1923 |
| 999 Zachia | 9 August 1923 |
| 1000 Piazzia | 12 August 1923 |
| 1003 Lilofee | 13 September 1923 |
| 1009 Sirene | 31 October 1923 |
| 1010 Marlene | 12 November 1923 |
| 1011 Laodamia | 5 January 1924 |
| 1012 Sarema | 12 January 1924 |
| 1014 Semphyra | 29 January 1924 |
| 1015 Christa | 31 January 1924 |
| 1016 Anitra | 31 January 1924 |
| 1018 Arnolda | 3 March 1924 |
| 1019 Strackea | 3 March 1924 |
| 1020 Arcadia | 7 March 1924 |
| 1023 Thomana | 25 June 1924 |
| 1025 Riema | 12 August 1923 |
| 1026 Ingrid | 13 August 1923 |
| 1035 Amata | 29 September 1924 |
| 1041 Asta | 22 March 1925 |
| 1042 Amazone | 22 April 1925 |
| 1043 Beate | 22 April 1925 |
| 1044 Teutonia | 10 May 1924 |
| 1047 Geisha | 17 November 1924 |
| 1048 Feodosia | 29 November 1924 |
| 1049 Gotho | 14 September 1925 |
| 1050 Meta | 14 September 1925 |
| 1051 Merope | 16 September 1925 |
| 1054 Forsytia | 20 November 1925 |
| 1056 Azalea | 31 January 1924 |
| 1060 Magnolia | 13 August 1925 |
| 1061 Paeonia | 10 October 1925 |
| 1063 Aquilegia | 6 December 1925 |
| 1064 Aethusa | 2 August 1926 |
| 1066 Lobelia | 1 September 1926 |
| 1067 Lunaria | 9 September 1926 |
| 1070 Tunica | 1 September 1926 |
| 1072 Malva | 4 October 1926 |
| 1076 Viola | 5 October 1926 |
| 1077 Campanula | 6 October 1926 |
| 1078 Mentha | 7 December 1926 |
| 1080 Orchis | 30 August 1927 |
| 1081 Reseda | 31 August 1927 |
| 1082 Pirola | 28 October 1927 |
| 1083 Salvia | 26 January 1928 |
| 1085 Amaryllis | 31 August 1927 |
| 1087 Arabis | 2 September 1927 |
| 1091 Spiraea | 26 February 1928 |
| 1092 Lilium | 12 January 1924 |
| 1095 Tulipa | 14 April 1926 |
| 1097 Vicia | 11 August 1928 |
| 1100 Arnica | 22 September 1928 |
| 1101 Clematis | 22 September 1928 |
| 1104 Syringa | 9 December 1928 |
| 1105 Fragaria | 1 January 1929 |
| 1106 Cydonia | 5 February 1929 |
| 1108 Demeter | 31 May 1929 |
| 1109 Tata | 5 February 1929 |
| 1111 Reinmuthia | 11 February 1927 |
| 1119 Euboea | 27 October 1927 |
| 1126 Otero | 11 January 1929 |
| 1130 Skuld | 2 September 1929 |
| 1131 Porzia | 10 September 1929 |
| 1138 Attica | 22 November 1929 |
| 1142 Aetolia | 24 January 1930 |
| 1143 Odysseus | 28 January 1930 |
| 1144 Oda | 28 January 1930 |
| 1150 Achaia | 2 September 1929 |
| 1151 Ithaka | 8 September 1929 |
| 1152 Pawona | 8 January 1930 |
| 1154 Astronomia | 8 February 1927 |
| 1155 Aënna | 26 January 1928 |
| 1156 Kira | 22 February 1928 |
| 1157 Arabia | 31 August 1929 |
| 1159 Granada | 2 September 1929 |
| 1160 Illyria | 9 September 1929 |
| 1161 Thessalia | 29 September 1929 |
| 1162 Larissa | 5 January 1930 |
| 1163 Saga | 20 January 1930 |
| 1164 Kobolda | 19 March 1930 |
| 1172 Äneas | 17 October 1930 |
| 1173 Anchises | 17 October 1930 |
| 1174 Marmara | 17 October 1930 |
| 1175 Margo | 17 October 1930 |
| 1180 Rita | 9 April 1931 |
| 1182 Ilona | 3 March 1927 |
| 1183 Jutta | 22 February 1930 |
| 1184 Gaea | 5 September 1926 |
| 1187 Afra | 6 December 1929 |
| 1198 Atlantis | 7 September 1931 |
| 1200 Imperatrix | 14 September 1931 |
| 1201 Strenua | 14 September 1931 |
| 1204 Renzia | 6 October 1931 |
| 1205 Ebella | 6 October 1931 |
| 1206 Numerowia | 18 October 1931 |
| 1207 Ostenia | 15 November 1931 |
| 1208 Troilus | 31 December 1931 |
| 1209 Pumma | 22 April 1927 |
| 1216 Askania | 29 January 1932 |
| 1218 Aster | 29 January 1932 |
| 1220 Crocus | 11 February 1932 |
| 1223 Neckar | 6 October 1931 |
| 1227 Geranium | 5 October 1931 |
| 1228 Scabiosa | 5 October 1931 |
| 1229 Tilia | 9 October 1931 |
| 1230 Riceia | 9 October 1931 |
| 1231 Auricula | 10 October 1931 |
| 1232 Cortusa | 10 October 1931 |
| 1233 Kobresia | 10 October 1931 |
| 1234 Elyna | 18 October 1931 |
| 1235 Schorria | 18 October 1931 |
| 1249 Rutherfordia | 4 November 1932 |
| 1250 Galanthus | 25 January 1933 |
| 1251 Hedera | 25 January 1933 |
| 1253 Frisia | 9 October 1931 |
| 1256 Normannia | 8 August 1932 |
| 1257 Mora | 8 August 1932 |
| 1258 Sicilia | 8 August 1932 |
| 1259 Ógyalla | 29 January 1933 |
| 1260 Walhalla | 29 January 1933 |
| 1272 Gefion | 10 October 1931 |
| 1273 Helma | 8 August 1932 |
| 1275 Cimbria | 30 November 1932 |
| 1284 Latvia | 27 July 1933 |
| 1297 Quadea | 7 January 1934 |
| 1298 Nocturna | 7 January 1934 |
| 1302 Werra | 28 September 1924 |
| 1304 Arosa | 21 May 1928 |
| 1308 Halleria | 12 March 1931 |
| 1311 Knopfia | 24 March 1933 |
| 1317 Silvretta | 1 September 1935 |
| 1322 Coppernicus | 15 June 1934 |
| 1334 Lundmarka | 16 July 1934 |
| 1335 Demoulina | 7 September 1934 |
| 1346 Gotha | 5 February 1929 |
| 1370 Hella | 31 August 1935 |
| 1371 Resi | 31 August 1935 |
| 1372 Haremari | 31 August 1935 |
| 1382 Gerti | 21 January 1925 |
| 1395 Aribeda | 16 July 1936 |
| 1399 Teneriffa | 23 August 1936 |
| 1402 Eri | 16 July 1936 |
| 1404 Ajax | 17 August 1936 |
| 1408 Trusanda | 23 November 1936 |
| 1409 Isko | 8 January 1937 |
| 1410 Margret | 8 January 1937 |
| 1411 Brauna | 8 January 1937 |
| 1417 Walinskia | 1 April 1937 |
| 1419 Danzig | 5 September 1929 |
| 1420 Radcliffe | 14 September 1931 |
| 1422 Strömgrenia | 23 August 1936 |
| 1435 Garlena | 23 November 1936 |
| 1437 Diomedes | 3 August 1937 |
| 1438 Wendeline | 11 October 1937 |
| 1439 Vogtia | 11 October 1937 |
| 1440 Rostia | 11 October 1937 |
| 1443 Ruppina | 29 December 1937 |
| 1457 Ankara | 3 August 1937 |
| 1466 Mündleria | 31 May 1938 |
| 1469 Linzia | 19 August 1938 |
| 1481 Tübingia | 7 February 1938 |
| 1482 Sebastiana | 20 February 1938 |
| 1485 Isa | 28 July 1938 |
| 1487 Boda | 17 November 1938 |
| 1502 Arenda | 17 November 1938 |
| 1528 Conrada | 10 February 1940 |
| 1553 Bauersfelda | 13 January 1940 |
| 1556 Wingolfia | 14 January 1942 |
| 1557 Roehla | 14 January 1942 |
| 1561 Fricke | 15 February 1941 |
| 1562 Gondolatsch | 9 March 1943 |
| 1587 Kahrstedt | 25 March 1933 |
| 1611 Beyer | 17 February 1950 |
| 1612 Hirose | 23 January 1950 |
| 1624 Rabe | 9 October 1931 |
| 1628 Strobel | 11 September 1923 |
| 1632 Sieböhme | 26 February 1941 |
| 1635 Bohrmann | 7 March 1924 |
| 1636 Porter | 23 January 1950 |
| 1642 Hill | 4 September 1951 |
| 1643 Brown | 4 September 1951 |
| 1645 Waterfield | 24 July 1933 |
| 1650 Heckmann | 11 October 1937 |
| 1662 Hoffmann | 11 September 1923 |
| 1665 Gaby | 27 February 1930 |
| 1668 Hanna | 24 July 1933 |
| 1669 Dagmar | 7 September 1934 |
| 1673 van Houten | 11 October 1937 |
| 1674 Groeneveld | 7 February 1938 |
| 1682 Karel | 2 August 1949 |
| 1691 Oort | 9 September 1956 |
| 1704 Wachmann | 7 March 1924 |
| 1706 Dieckvoss | 5 October 1931 |
| 1716 Peter | 4 April 1934 |
| 1719 Jens | 17 February 1950 |
| 1720 Niels | 7 February 1935 |
| 1726 Hoffmeister | 24 July 1933 |
| 1732 Heike | 9 March 1943 |
| 1739 Meyermann | 15 August 1939 |
| 1742 Schaifers | 7 September 1934 |
| 1749 Telamon | 23 September 1949 |
| 1750 Eckert | 15 July 1950 |
| 1759 Kienle | 11 September 1942 |
| 1782 Schneller | 6 October 1931 |
| 1785 Wurm | 15 February 1941 |
| 1814 Bach | 9 October 1931 |
| 1815 Beethoven | 27 January 1932 |
| 1818 Brahms | 15 August 1939 |
| 1820 Lohmann | 2 August 1949 |
| 1823 Gliese | 4 September 1951 |
| 1825 Klare | 31 August 1954 |
| 1849 Kresák | 14 January 1942 |
| 1850 Kohoutek | 23 March 1942 |
| 1862 Apollo | 24 April 1932 |
| 1880 McCrosky | 13 January 1940 |
| 1881 Shao | 3 August 1940 |
| 1913 Sekanina | 22 September 1928 |
| 1941 Wild | 6 October 1931 |
| 1944 Günter | 14 September 1925 |
| 1950 Wempe | 23 March 1942 |
| 1968 Mehltretter | 29 January 1932 |
| 1985 Hopmann | 13 January 1929 |
| 1990 Pilcher | 9 March 1956 |
| 2018 Schuster | 17 October 1931 |
| 2022 West | 7 February 1938 |
| 2057 Rosemary | 7 September 1934 |
| 2097 Galle | 11 August 1953 |
| 2136 Jugta | 24 July 1933 |
| 2137 Priscilla | 24 August 1936 |
| 2157 Ashbrook | 7 March 1924 |
| 2158 Tietjen | 24 July 1933 |
| 2181 Fogelin | 28 December 1942 |
| 2214 Carol | 7 April 1953 |
| 2235 Vittore | 5 April 1924 |
| 2236 Austrasia | 23 March 1933 |
| 2248 Kanda | 27 February 1933 |
| 2249 Yamamoto | 6 April 1942 |
| 2278 Götz | 7 April 1953 |
| 2290 Helffrich | 14 February 1932 |
| 2306 Bauschinger | 15 August 1939 |
| 2346 Lilio | 5 February 1934 |
| 2358 Bahner | 2 September 1929 |
| 2359 Debehogne | 5 October 1931 |
| 2391 Tomita | 9 January 1957 |
| 2414 Vibeke | 18 October 1931 |
| 2444 Lederle | 5 February 1934 |
| 2453 Wabash | 30 September 1921 |
| 2465 Wilson | 2 August 1949 |
| 2485 Scheffler | 29 January 1932 |
| 2500 Alascattalo | 2 April 1926 |
| 2537 Gilmore | 4 September 1951 |
| 2560 Siegma | 14 February 1932 |
| 2572 Annschnell | 17 February 1950 |
| 2591 Dworetsky | 2 August 1949 |
| 2615 Saito | 4 September 1951 |
| 2623 Zech | 22 September 1919 |
| 2637 Bobrovnikoff | 22 September 1919 |
| 2652 Yabuuti | 7 April 1953 |
| 2664 Everhart | 7 September 1934 |
| 2676 Aarhus | 25 August 1933 |
| 2749 Walterhorn | 11 October 1937 |
| 2806 Graz | 7 April 1953 |
| 2824 Franke | 4 February 1934 |
| 2855 Bastian | 10 October 1931 |
| 2856 Röser | 14 April 1933 |
| 2879 Shimizu | 14 February 1932 |
| 2896 Preiss | 15 September 1931 |
| 2897 Ole Römer | 5 February 1932 |
| 2942 Cordie | 29 January 1932 |
| 2943 Heinrich | 25 August 1933 |
| 2944 Peyo | 31 August 1935 |
| 2957 Tatsuo | 5 February 1934 |
| 3008 Nojiri | 17 November 1938 |
| 3020 Naudts | 2 August 1949 |
| 3035 Chambers | 7 March 1924 |
| 3144 Brosche | 10 October 1931 |
| 3183 Franzkaiser | 2 August 1949 |
| 3219 Komaki | 4 February 1934 |
| 3227 Hasegawa | 24 February 1928 |
| 3263 Bligh | 5 February 1932 |
| 3264 Bounty | 7 January 1934 |
| 3265 Fletcher | 9 November 1953 |
| 3289 Mitani | 7 September 1934 |
| 3295 Murakami | 17 February 1950 |
| 3370 Kohsai | 4 February 1934 |
| 3379 Oishi | 6 October 1931 |
| 3383 Koyama | 9 January 1951 |
| 3404 Hinderer | 4 February 1934 |
| 3415 Danby | 22 September 1928 |
| 3416 Dorrit | 8 November 1931 |
| 3417 Tamblyn | 1 April 1937 |
| 3425 Hurukawa | 29 January 1929 |
| 3426 Seki | 5 February 1932 |
| 3440 Stampfer | 17 February 1950 |
| 3446 Combes | 12 March 1942 |
| 3473 Sapporo | 7 March 1924 |
| 3500 Kobayashi | 18 September 1919 |
| 3555 Miyasaka | 6 October 1931 |
| 3569 Kumon | 20 February 1938 |
| 3644 Kojitaku | 5 October 1931 |
| 3682 Welther | 12 July 1923 |
| 3707 Schröter | 5 February 1934 |
| 3722 Urata | 29 October 1927 |
| 3745 Petaev | 23 September 1949 |
| 3790 Raywilson | 26 October 1937 |
| 3911 Otomo | 31 August 1940 |
| 3937 Bretagnon | 14 March 1932 |
| 3938 Chapront | 2 August 1949 |
| 3939 Huruhata | 7 April 1953 |
| 3957 Sugie | 24 July 1933 |
| 4001 Ptolemaeus | 2 August 1949 |
| 4002 Shinagawa | 14 May 1950 |
| 4417 Lecar | 8 April 1931 |
| 4418 Fredfranklin | 9 October 1931 |
| 4419 Allancook | 24 April 1932 |
| 4421 Kayor | 14 January 1942 |
| 4589 McDowell | 24 July 1933 |
| 4615 Zinner | 13 September 1923 |
| 4647 Syuji | 9 October 1931 |
| 4648 Tirion | 18 October 1931 |
| 4650 Mori | 5 October 1950 |
| 4723 Wolfgangmattig | 11 October 1937 |
| 4808 Ballaero | 21 January 1925 |
| 4849 Ardenne | 17 August 1936 |
| 4910 Kawasato | 11 August 1953 |
| 4979 Otawara | 2 August 1949 |
| 5072 Hioki | 9 October 1931 |
| 5152 Labs | 18 October 1931 |
| 5494 Johanmohr | 19 October 1933 |
| 5532 Ichinohe | 14 February 1932 |
| 5535 Annefrank | 23 March 1942 |
| 5657 Groombridge | 28 August 1936 |
| 5658 Clausbaader | 17 February 1950 |
| 5703 Hevelius | 15 November 1931 |
| 5704 Schumacher | 17 February 1950 |
| 6260 Kelsey | 2 August 1949 |
| 6808 Plantin | 5 February 1932 |
| 6809 Sakuma | 20 February 1938 |
| 7042 Carver | 24 March 1933 |
| 7103 Wichmann | 7 April 1953 |
| 7449 Döllen | 21 August 1949 |
| 7542 Johnpond | 7 April 1953 |
| 11434 Lohnert | 10 October 1931 |
| (11435) 1931 UB | 17 October 1931 |
| 13473 Hokema | 7 April 1953 |
| (30717) 1937 UD | 26 October 1937 |
| 32730 Lamarr | 4 September 1951 |
| 69230 Hermes | 28 October 1937 |
Works
- The Herschel nebulas, De Gruyter, Berlin 1926
- Catalog of 6.500 exact photographic positions of small planets, brown, Karlsruhe 1953
gollark: Bee deneutralized.
gollark: Nope.
gollark: Bee reneutralized?
gollark: Bees neutralized, hopefully.
gollark: bee.
References
- "Minor Planet Discoverers (by number)". Minor Planet Center. 4 September 2016. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
- Reinmuth, Karl (December 1979). "Obituary notice of". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 7: 10. Bibcode:1979MPBu....7...10R.
- Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1111) Reinmuthia. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 94. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1112. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
- Roland Wielen; Ute Wielen (2012). "Von Berlin über Sermuth nach Heidelberg – Das Schicksal des Astronomischen Rechen-Instituts in der Zeit von 1924 bis 1954 anhand von Schriftstucken aus dem Archiv des Instituts" (PDF) (in German). Astronomisches Rechen-Institut, Zentrum fur Astronomie, Universität Heidelberg. p. 374. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
- "5535 Annefrank (1942 EM)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
- "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 30P/Reinmuth 1". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
- "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 44P/Reinmuth 2". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
- Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1234) Elyna. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. pp. 102–103. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1235. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
External links
Obituaries
- MPBu 7 (1979) 10
- MitAG 50 (1980) 7 (in German)
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