1611 Beyer

1611 Beyer, provisional designation 1950 DJ, is a carbonaceous Hygiean asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 20 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 17 February 1950, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at Heidelberg Observatory in southern Germany.[11] It was named after astronomer Max Beyer.[2]

1611 Beyer
Discovery [1]
Discovered byK. Reinmuth
Discovery siteHeidelberg Obs.
Discovery date17 February 1950
Designations
(1611) Beyer
Named after
Max Beyer (astronomer)[2]
1950 DJ · 1958 RE
main-belt · (outer) [3]
Hygiea [4]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc67.10 yr (24,510 days)
Aphelion3.6837 AU
Perihelion2.6637 AU
3.1737 AU
Eccentricity0.1607
5.65 yr (2,065 days)
150.69°
0° 10m 27.48s / day
Inclination4.2818°
237.54°
75.717°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
15.46±4.34 km[5]
23.25±1.77 km[6]
24.30 km (calculated)[3]
24.444±0.192 km[7]
13.2608±0.0113 h[8]
13.29 h[9]
0.057 (assumed)[3]
0.062±0.014[7]
0.10±0.08[5]
0.101±0.017[6]
C (assumed)[3]
11.30[6] · 11.538±0.001 (R)[8] · 11.70[7] · 11.8[1][3] · 11.93±0.21[10] · 12.08[5]

    Classification and orbit

    Beyer is a member of the Hygiea family (601),[4] a very large family of carbonaceous outer-belt asteroids, named after the fourth-largest asteroid, 10 Hygiea.[12] It orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.7–3.7 AU once every 5 years and 8 months (2,065 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.16 and an inclination of 4° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] Its observation arc begins with its official discovery observation, as no precoveries were taken, and no prior identifications were made.[11]

    Physical characteristics

    Beyer is a carbonaceous C-type asteroid.[3]

    Rotation period

    Astronomers Pierre Antonini and Silvano Casulli obtained a rotational light-curve of Beyer from photometric observations taken in July 2009. It gave a rotation period of 13.29 hours with a brightness variation of 0.35 magnitude (U=2+).[9] In October 2010, observations in the R-band at the Palomar Transient Factory gave a similar period of 13.2608 hours and an amplitude of 0.12 magnitude (U=2).[8]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Beyer measures between 15.46 and 24.44 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has an albedo between 0.062 and 0.101.[5][6][7] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for carbonaceous asteroids of 0.057 and calculates a diameter of 24.30 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 11.8.[3]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named by the discoverer for Max Beyer (1894–1982), German astronomer at the Bergedorf Observatory in Hamburg.[2] Beyer was also on the post-war editorial board of the Astronomische Gesellschaft. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center in December 1959 (M.P.C. 1948).[13]

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    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1611 Beyer (1950 DJ)" (2017-03-27 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1611) Beyer". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1611) Beyer. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 128. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1612. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "LCDB Data for (1611) Beyer". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 28 December 2016.
    4. "Asteroid 1611 Beyer – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 26 October 2019.
    5. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T.; et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (3): 12. arXiv:1606.08923. Bibcode:2016AJ....152...63N. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
    6. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 17 October 2019. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    7. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
    8. Waszczak, Adam; Chang, Chan-Kao; Ofek, Eran O.; Laher, Russ; Masci, Frank; Levitan, David; et al. (September 2015). "Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry". The Astronomical Journal. 150 (3): 35. arXiv:1504.04041. Bibcode:2015AJ....150...75W. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
    9. Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1611) Beyer". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
    10. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
    11. "1611 Beyer (1950 DJ)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
    12. Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families. Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. arXiv:1502.01628. Bibcode:2015aste.book..297N. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN 9780816532131.
    13. Schmadel, Lutz D. "Appendix – Publication Dates of the MPCs". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – Addendum to Fifth Edition (2006–2008). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 221. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-01965-4. ISBN 978-3-642-01964-7.

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