1174 Marmara

1174 Marmara, provisional designation 1930 UC, is a stony Eoan asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 17 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 17 October 1930, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany.[13] The asteroid was later named after the Sea of Marmara, located between Europe and Asia.[2]

1174 Marmara
Discovery [1]
Discovered byK. Reinmuth
Discovery siteHeidelberg Obs.
Discovery date17 October 1930
Designations
(1174) Marmara
Named after
Sea of Marmara
(Bosporus/Dardanelles)[2]
1930 UC
main-belt · (outer) · Eos [3][4]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc86.72 yr (31,673 days)
Aphelion3.3607 AU
Perihelion2.6956 AU
3.0281 AU
Eccentricity0.1098
5.27 yr (1,925 days)
227.47°
0° 11m 13.2s / day
Inclination10.074°
1.0132°
351.99°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions16.21±1.6 km[5]
16.46 km (derived)[3]
17.01±3.92 km[6]
17.18±1.10 km[7]
17.77±4.33 km[8]
18.142±0.159 km[9]
18.496±0.180 km[10]
12 h[11]
0.0821±0.0063[10]
0.086±0.025[9]
0.095±0.013[7]
0.1065±0.025[5]
0.13±0.11[8]
0.15±0.12[6]
0.1795 (derived)[3]
S [3]
11.40[3][8] · 11.49[6] · 11.5[1] · 11.73±0.27[12] · 12.0[5][7][10]

    Classification and orbit

    Marmara belongs to the Eos family (606), the largest asteroid family of the outer main-belt consisting of nearly 10,000 known members.[3][4][14]:23

    It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.7–3.4 AU once every 5 years and 3 months (1,925 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.11 and an inclination of 10° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] The asteroid's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Heidelberg.[13]

    Physical characteristics

    Marmara is an assumed S-type asteroid,[3] while Eoan asteroids are typically characterized as K-type asteroids.[14]:23

    Lightcurves

    Published in 2004, a rotational lightcurve of Marmara was obtained from photometric observations by South American astronomers from Brazil and Argentina. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 12 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.2 magnitude (U=2).[11]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite, and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Marmara measures between 16.21 and 18.496 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.0821 and 0.15.[5][6][7][8][9][10] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives a higher albedo of 0.1795 and a diameter of 16.46 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.4.[3]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named by the discoverer after the Sea of Marmara, which lies in between the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea, connected by the Bosporus and the Dardanelles straits, respectively.[2] The official naming citation was published in Paul Herget's The Names of the Minor Planets in 1955 (H 109).[2]

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    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1174 Marmara (1930 UC)" (2017-07-05 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 17 August 2017.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1174) Marmara". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1174) Marmara. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 99. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1175. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "LCDB Data for (1174) Marmara". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 17 August 2017.
    4. "Asteroid 1174 Marmara – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 26 October 2019.
    5. Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
    6. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T.; et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (3): 12. arXiv:1606.08923. Bibcode:2016AJ....152...63N. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63. Retrieved 17 August 2017.
    7. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 17 October 2019. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    8. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 13. arXiv:1509.02522. Bibcode:2015ApJ...814..117N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. Retrieved 17 August 2017.
    9. Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. Retrieved 17 August 2017.
    10. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    11. Alvarez-Candal, Alvaro; Duffard, René; Angeli, Cláudia A.; Lazzaro, Daniela; Fernández, Silvia (December 2004). "Rotational lightcurves of asteroids belonging to families". Icarus. 172 (2): 388–401. Bibcode:2004Icar..172..388A. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2004.06.008. Retrieved 17 August 2017.
    12. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 17 August 2017.
    13. "1174 Marmara (1930 UC)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 17 August 2017.
    14. Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families. Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. arXiv:1502.01628. Bibcode:2015aste.book..297N. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN 9780816532131.

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