1092 Lilium

1092 Lilium, provisional designation 1924 PN, is a dark, carbonaceous background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 44 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 12 January 1924, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany.[16] The asteroid was named after the flower Lilium (true lily).[3]

1092 Lilium
Discovery [1]
Discovered byK. Reinmuth
Discovery siteHeidelberg Obs.
Discovery date12 January 1924
Designations
(1092) Lilium
Pronunciation/ˈlɪliəm/[2]
Named after
Līlium [3] (flowering plant)
1924 PN · 1929 BE
1936 QE
main-belt · (outer) [4]
background [5]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc110.67 yr (40,421 days)
Aphelion3.1444 AU
Perihelion2.6552 AU
2.8998 AU
Eccentricity0.0843
4.94 yr (1,804 days)
200.62°
0° 11m 58.56s / day
Inclination5.3885°
307.49°
316.51°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions37.78±12.75 km[6]
40.276±0.243 km[7]
42.853±0.266 km[8]
43.23±0.33 km[9]
46.17±1.5 km[10]
49.56±13.84 km[11]
52.79±0.87 km[12]
17.63 h[13]
24.60±0.05 h[14][lower-alpha 1]
0.030±0.001[12]
0.0390±0.003[10]
0.04±0.02[11]
0.044±0.005[9]
0.0452±0.0071[8]
0.05±0.03[6]
C (assumed)[4]
B–V = 0.840 [1]
U–B = 0.330 [1]
10.82[1][4][8][9][10][11][12][13]
10.90±0.28[15] · 10.97[6]

    Orbit and classification

    Lilium is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population.[5] It orbits the Sun in the outer asteroid belt at a distance of 2.7–3.1 AU once every 4 years and 11 months (1,804 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.08 and an inclination of 5° with respect to the ecliptic.[1]

    The body's observation arc begins with a precovery image taken at the Lowell Observatory in July 1906, almost 18 years prior to its official discovery observation at Heidelberg.[16]

    Physical characteristics

    Lilium is an assumed carbonaceous C-type asteroid.[4]

    Rotation period

    In February 2008, a rotational lightcurve of Lilium was obtained from photometric observations by American astronomer Brian Warner at his Palmer Divide Observatory (716) in Colorado.[lower-alpha 1] Lightcurve analysis gave a longer-than average rotation period of 24.60 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.25 magnitude (U=3),[14] superseding a period of 17.63 hours by Richard Binzel from March 1984 (U=1).[13]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Lilium measures between 37.78 and 52.79 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.030 and 0.05.[6][7][8][9][10][11][12]

    The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adopts the results obtained by IRAS, that is, an albedo of 0.0390 and a diameter of 46.17 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 10.82.[4]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named by the discoverer after the true lily flowering planet, Lilium. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 103).[3]

    Reinmuth's flowers

    Due to his many discoveries, Karl Reinmuth submitted a large list of 66 newly named asteroids in the early 1930s. The list covered his discoveries with numbers between (1009) and (1200). This list also contained a sequence of 28 asteroids, starting with 1054 Forsytia, that were all named after plants, in particular flowering plants (also see list of minor planets named after animals and plants).[17]

    Notes
    1. Lightcurve plot of 1092 Lilium, Palmer Divide Observatory, Brian D. Warner (2008) Summary figures at the LCDB
    gollark: The SCP wiki has some nice examples of it.
    gollark: If you want RocketRace-style "incomprehensible but flowery prose" I can dredge up some examples of that.
    gollark: baidicoot, did you accidentally take apioforms?
    gollark: Emu War is like Emu War but Emu War.
    gollark: It lacks content. Also styling.

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1092 Lilium (1924 PN)" (2017-03-29 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
    2. "lilium". Oxford English Dictionary (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. September 2005. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
    3. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1092) Lilium". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1092) Lilium. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 93. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1093. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    4. "LCDB Data for (1092) Lilium". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 25 September 2017.
    5. "Asteroid 1092 Lilium – Proper Elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
    6. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T.; et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (3): 12. arXiv:1606.08923. Bibcode:2016AJ....152...63N. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
    7. Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
    8. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    9. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
    10. Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
    11. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 13. arXiv:1509.02522. Bibcode:2015ApJ...814..117N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
    12. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 17 October 2019. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    13. Binzel, R. P. (October 1987). "A photoelectric survey of 130 asteroids". Icarus. 72 (1): 135–208. Bibcode:1987Icar...72..135B. doi:10.1016/0019-1035(87)90125-4. ISSN 0019-1035. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
    14. Warner, Brian D. (September 2008). "Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at the Palmer Divide Observatory: December 2007 - March 2008". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 35 (3): 95–98. Bibcode:2008MPBu...35...95W. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
    15. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
    16. "1092 Lilium (1924 PN)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
    17. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1054) Forsytia". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1054) Forsytia. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 90. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1055. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.

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