1232 Cortusa

1232 Cortusa, provisional designation 1931 TF2, is a background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 40 kilometers (25 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 10 October 1931, by astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany.[1] The X-type asteroid has a rotation period of 25.2 hours.[17] It was named after the plant Cortusa and indirectly honors astronomer Gustav Stracke.[3]

1232 Cortusa
Discovery [1]
Discovered byK. Reinmuth
Discovery siteHeidelberg Obs.
Discovery date10 October 1931
Designations
(1232) Cortusa
Pronunciation/kɔːrˈtjuːsə/[2]
Named after
Cortusa[3]
(flowering plant)
1931 TF2 · 1930 OH
main-belt [1][4] · (outer)
background [5][6]
Orbital characteristics [4]
Epoch 27 April 2019 (JD 2458600.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc88.16 yr (32,200 d)
Aphelion3.6109 AU
Perihelion2.7535 AU
3.1822 AU
Eccentricity0.1347
5.68 yr (2,073 d)
279.34°
0° 10m 24.96s / day
Inclination10.362°
261.21°
340.44°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
33.13±2.3 km[7]
36.367±0.463 km[8][9]
36.60±9.07 km[10]
39.17±11.98 km[11]
42.015±0.259 km[12]
42.20±1.11 km[13]
43.27±0.82 km[14]
25.16±0.02 h[15]
0.072[14][14]
0.0833[12]
0.085[13]
0.120[8][11]
0.1339[7]
0.14[10]
X (SDSS-MOC)[16]
10.20[7][8][11][12][13]
10.3[1][4]
10.35[10]

    Orbit and classification

    Cortusa is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population.[5][6] It orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.8–3.6 AU once every 5 years and 8 months (2,073 days; semi-major axis of 3.18 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.13 and an inclination of 10° with respect to the ecliptic.[4] The body's observation arc begins with its first observation as 1930 OH at Johannesburg Observatory in July 1930, or 15 months prior to its official discovery observation at Heidelberg.[1]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after the flowering plant Cortusa, a species of plant in the primrose family. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 114).[3] It honors German astronomer and diligent orbit computer Gustav Stracke (1887–1943), who had asked that no asteroid be named after him. The initials of the asteroids 1227 through 1234, all discovered by Karl Reinmuth, spell out "G. Stracke". In this manner, Reinmuth was able to circumvent Stracke's desire and honor him nevertheless. The asteroid 1019 Strackea was later named after Stracke directly.[18] In the 1990s, astronomer Brian Marsden was also honored by this method, see asteroids 5694 to 5699. The consecutive initial letters of these minor-planet names spell out "MarsdenB".[19]

    Reinmuth's flowers

    Due to his many discoveries, Karl Reinmuth submitted a large list of 66 newly named asteroids in the early 1930s. The list covered his discoveries with numbers between (1009) and (1200). This list also contained a sequence of 28 asteroids, starting with 1054 Forsytia, that were all named after plants, in particular flowering plants (also see list of minor planets named after animals and plants).[20]

    Physical characteristics

    In the SDSS-based taxonomy, Cortusa is an X-type asteroid.[5][16]

    Rotation period

    In August 2004, a rotational lightcurve of Cortusa was obtained from photometric observations by French amateur astronomer Pierre Antonini. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 25.16±0.02 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.10 magnitude (U=2).[15] Other period determinations were made by René Roy (<10 h) in December 2006 (U=1),[15] and by the Spanish OBAS group (22.05 h) in June 2016 (U=2-).[21]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Cortusa measures between 33.13 and 43.27 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.07 and 0.14.[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.1226 and a diameter of 33.05 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 10.3.[17]

    gollark: Just fork Spanish, yes.
    gollark: Solution: competing Spanish design authority.
    gollark: "the Spanish 1.2 beta" sounds much cooler than "Spanish".
    gollark: They should start versioning it, too.
    gollark: I suppose it's nice that you can go say something like "WHAT? I'm going to talk to the President of Spanish about this" about any issues you might have.

    References
    1. "1232 Cortusa (1931 TF2)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 15 December 2018.
    2. Charles Harley Cleaveland (1871) Pronouncing Medical Lexicon, p. 71
    3. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1232) Cortusa". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1232) Cortusa. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 102. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1233. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    4. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1232 Cortusa (1931 TF2)" (2018-09-18 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 15 December 2018.
    5. "Asteroid 1232 Cortusa". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 15 December 2018.
    6. "Asteroid (1232) Cortusa – Proper elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 14 December 2018.
    7. Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System – IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 15 December 2018.
    8. Mainzer, A. K.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; Kramer, E. A.; Masiero, J. R.; et al. (June 2016). "NEOWISE Diameters and Albedos V1.0". NASA Planetary Data System: EAR-A-COMPIL-5-NEOWISEDIAM-V1.0. Bibcode:2016PDSS..247.....M. Retrieved 15 December 2018.
    9. Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121.
    10. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T.; et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (3): 12. arXiv:1606.08923. Bibcode:2016AJ....152...63N. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63.
    11. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 13. arXiv:1509.02522. Bibcode:2015ApJ...814..117N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117.
    12. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. (catalog)
    13. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 15 December 2018. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    14. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8.
    15. Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1232) Cortusa". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 15 December 2018.
    16. Carvano, J. M.; Hasselmann, P. H.; Lazzaro, D.; Mothé-Diniz, T. (February 2010). "SDSS-based taxonomic classification and orbital distribution of main belt asteroids". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 510: 12. Bibcode:2010A&A...510A..43C. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200913322. Retrieved 30 October 2019. (PDS data set)
    17. "LCDB Data for (1232) Cortusa". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 15 December 2018.
    18. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1234) Elyna". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1234) Elyna. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. pp. 102–103. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1235. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    19. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(5699) Munch". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (5699) Munch. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 483. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_5391. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    20. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1054) Forsytia". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1054) Forsytia. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 90. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1055. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    21. Garceran, Alfonso Carreno; Aznar, Amadeo; Mansego, Enrique Arce; Rodriguez, Pedro Brines; de Haro, Juan Lozano; Silva, Alvaro Fornas; et al. (January 2016). "Nineteen Asteroids Lightcurves at Asteroids Observers (OBAS) - MPPD: 2015 April - September". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 43 (1): 92–97. Bibcode:2016MPBu...43...92G. ISSN 1052-8091.

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