1087 Arabis

1087 Arabis /ˈærəbɪs/ is a stony Eoan asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 35 kilometers in diameter. It was iscovered by Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory in 1927 and assigned the provisional designation 1927 RD. The asteroid was named after the flowering plant Arabis (rockcress).[15]

1087 Arabis
Lightcurve-based 3D-model of Arabis
Discovery [1]
Discovered byK. Reinmuth
Discovery siteHeidelberg Obs.
Discovery date2 September 1927
Designations
(1087) Arabis
Pronunciation/ˈærəbɪs/[2]
Named after
Arabis (flowering plant)[3]
1927 RD · 1973 LB
A917 UE
main-belt · (outer)
Eos [4][5]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc89.40 yr (32,655 days)
Aphelion3.2984 AU
Perihelion2.7300 AU
3.0142 AU
Eccentricity0.0943
5.23 yr (1,911 days)
12.959°
0° 11m 17.88s / day
Inclination10.061°
30.425°
25.793°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions31.67 km (derived)[4]
31.75±2.5 km[6]
36.97±0.50 km[7]
37.498±0.493 km[8]
45.625±0.588 km[9]
47.98±0.80 km[10]
5.794 h[11]
5.794995±0.000002 h[lower-alpha 1]
5.79500±0.00001 h[lower-alpha 2]
5.79501±0.00005 h[12]
5.797±0.001 h[13]
0.098±0.015[10]
0.1031±0.0150[9]
0.171±0.006[7]
0.2137 (derived)[4]
0.2248±0.040[6]
Tholen = S [1][4]
B–V = 0.823 [1]
U–B = 0.370 [1]
9.73[1][6][7][10] · 9.75±0.26[14] · 9.79[4][9][11]

    Discovery

    Arabis was officially discovered on 2 September 1927, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in southwest Germany.[15] On the same night, it was independently discovered by Soviet-Russian astronomers Sergey Belyavsky and Nikolaj Ivanov at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula.[3] The Minor Planet Center does not acknowledge these independent discoverers.[15]

    The asteroid was first identified as A917 UE at the Simeiz Observatory in October 1917, almost 10 years prior to its official discovery observation at Heidelberg.[15]

    Orbit and classification

    Arabis is a member the Eos family (606),[4][5] the largest asteroid family in the outer main belt consisting of nearly 10,000 known asteroids.[16]:23 It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.7–3.3 AU once every 5 years and 3 months (1,911 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.09 and an inclination of 10° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Heidelberg.[15]

    Physical characteristics

    In the Tholen classification, Arabis is a common S-type asteroid.[1][4]

    Rotation period

    During the early 1990s, a rotational lightcurve was obtained in a photometric survey of small asteroids by European astronomers at the Chilean La Silla Observatory using the ESO 1-metre telescope. In November 2006, another lightcurve of Arabis was obtained by astronomers at the Oakley Observatory in Indiana, United States. Lightcurve analysis gave two well-defined rotation periods of 5.794 and 5.797 hours with a brightness variation of 0.14 and 0.40 magnitude, respectively (U=3/3).[11][13]

    Spin axis

    Between 2011 and 2017, an international collaboration modeled three lightcurves with a period of 5.794995, 5.79500 and 5.79501 hours, respectively.[12][lower-alpha 1][lower-alpha 2] The more recent studies also determined two spin axis of (155.0°, 25.0°) and (331.0°, 5.0°) in ecliptic coordinates (λ, β).[lower-alpha 1][lower-alpha 2]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Arabis measures between 31.75 and 47.98 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.098 and 0.2248.[6][7][8][9][10]

    The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.2137 and a diameter of 31.67 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 9.79.[4]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after the flowering plant Arabis (rockcress), a genus of herbs of the brassicaceae (known as the mustards, the crucifers, or the cabbage family). The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 102).[3]

    Reinmuth's flowers

    Due to his many discoveries, Karl Reinmuth submitted a large list of 66 newly named asteroids in the early 1930s. The list covered his discoveries with numbers between (1009) and (1200). This list also contained a sequence of 28 asteroids, starting with 1054 Forsytia, that were all named after plants, in particular flowering plants (also see list of minor planets named after animals and plants).[17]

    Notes
    1. Hanus (2016d) publication not indexed in ADS. Summary figures for (1087) Arabis at LCDB
    2. Hanus (2017c) not yet indexed in ADS. Summary figures for (1087) Arabis at LCDB
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    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1087 Arabis (1927 RD)" (2017-01-27 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 7 October 2017.
    2. "arabis". Oxford English Dictionary (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. September 2005. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
    3. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1087) Arabis". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1087) Arabis. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 93. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1088. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    4. "LCDB Data for (1087) Arabis". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 7 October 2017.
    5. "Asteroid 1087 Arabis – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 26 October 2019.
    6. Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
    7. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 17 October 2019. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    8. Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. Retrieved 7 October 2017.
    9. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    10. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Retrieved 7 October 2017.
    11. Barucci, M. A.; di Martino, M.; Dotto, E.; Fulchignoni, M.; Rotundi, A.; Burchi, R. (June 1994). "Rotational properties of small asteroids: Photoelectric observations of 16 asteroids". Icarus. 109 (2): 267–273. Bibcode:1994Icar..109..267B. doi:10.1006/icar.1994.1092. ISSN 0019-1035. Retrieved 7 October 2017.
    12. Hanus, J.; Durech, J.; Broz, M.; Warner, B. D.; Pilcher, F.; Stephens, R.; et al. (June 2011). "A study of asteroid pole-latitude distribution based on an extended set of shape models derived by the lightcurve inversion method". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 530: 16. arXiv:1104.4114. Bibcode:2011A&A...530A.134H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201116738. Retrieved 7 October 2017.
    13. Ditteon, Richard; Hawkins, Scot (September 2007). "Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at the Oakley Observatory - October-November 2006". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 34 (3): 59–64. Bibcode:2007MPBu...34...59D. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 7 October 2017.
    14. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 7 October 2017.
    15. "1087 Arabis (1927 RD)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 7 October 2017.
    16. Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families. Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. arXiv:1502.01628. Bibcode:2015aste.book..297N. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN 9780816532131.
    17. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1054) Forsytia". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1054) Forsytia. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 90. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1055. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.

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