974 Lioba

974 Lioba (prov. designation: A922 FC or 1922 LS) is a stony background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 25 kilometers (16 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 18 March 1922, by astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in southern Germany.[1] The S-type asteroid has a longer than average rotation period of 38.7 hours. It was named after missionary Saint Leoba (Lioba).[2]

974 Lioba
Discovery [1]
Discovered byK. Reinmuth
Discovery siteHeidelberg Obs.
Discovery date18 March 1922
Designations
(974) Lioba
Pronunciation/liˈoʊbə/
Named after
Saint Leoba
(missionary to Germany)[2]
A922 FC · 1930 DA1
A906 FG · A916 UO
1922 LS · 1906 FG
main-belt [1][3] · (middle)
background [4][5]
Orbital characteristics [3]
Epoch 31 May 2020 (JD 2459000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc113.13 yr (41,319 d)
Aphelion2.8155 AU
Perihelion2.2536 AU
2.5346 AU
Eccentricity0.1109
4.04 yr (1,474 d)
248.30°
0° 14m 39.48s / day
Inclination5.4563°
86.678°
301.86°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
  • 18.39±2.6 km[6]
  • 25.001±0.481 km[7]
  • 28.71±0.91 km[8]
38.7 h[5][9]
  • 0.163±0.011[8]
  • 0.214±0.028[7]
  • 0.3965±0.138[6]
  • Tholen = S [3]
  • B–V = 0.912±0.021[3]
  • U–B = 0.468±0.031[3]
10.4[1][3]

    Orbit and classification

    Lioba is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population when applying the hierarchical clustering method to its proper orbital elements.[4] It orbits the Sun in the central asteroid belt at a distance of 2.3–2.8 AU once every 4.04 years (1,474 days; semi-major axis of 2.53 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.11 and an inclination of 5° with respect to the ecliptic.[3] The asteroid was first observed as A906 FG (1906 FG) at the Heidelberg Observatory in March 1906, where the body's observation arc begins 16 years later, with its official discovery observation in March 1922.[1]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after Saint Leoba (also Lioba) (c. 710–782), abbess in Tauberbischofsheim, Germany, who helped Saint Boniface spreading Christianity throughout Germany. In 782, she was buried near Bonifatius in Fulda, Germany. The author of the Dictionary of Minor Planet Names confirmed the naming from private communications with Dutch astronomer Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld, who worked as a young astronomer at Heidelberg.[2]

    Physical characteristics

    In the Tholen classification, Lioba is a common stony S-type asteroid.[3][5]

    Rotation period

    In May 1984, a rotational lightcurve of Lioba was obtained from photometric observations by American astronomer Richard Binzel during a survey of 130 asteroids at the University of Texas McDonald Observatory and Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined, longer-than average rotation period of 38.7 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.37 magnitude (U=3).[9] In April 2007, a poorly rated period determination by French amateur astronomer René Roy gave 15.6 hours (0.65000 days) or more (U=1).[10]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's WISE telescope, Lioba measures between 18.39±2.6 and 28.71±0.91 kilometers in diameter and its surface has a high albedo between 0.16 and 0.40.[6][7][8] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.3609 from the IRAS results, and calculates a diameter of 18.23 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.8.[11]

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    References
    1. "974 Lioba (A922 FC)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(974) Lioba". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 85. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_975. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 974 Lioba (A922 FC)" (2019-05-12 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
    4. "Asteroid 974 Lioba – Proper Elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
    5. "Asteroid 974 Lioba". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
    6. Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
    7. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8.
    8. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 10 February 2020. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    9. Binzel, R. P. (October 1987). "A photoelectric survey of 130 asteroids". Icarus. 72 (1): 135–208. Bibcode:1987Icar...72..135B. doi:10.1016/0019-1035(87)90125-4. ISSN 0019-1035. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
    10. Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (974) Lioba". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
    11. "LCDB Data for (974) Lioba". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 10 February 2020.
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