Adolfo Suárez Madrid–Barajas Airport

Adolfo Suárez Madrid–Barajas Airport (Spanish: Aeropuerto Adolfo Suárez Madrid-Barajas [aeɾoˈpweɾto aˈðolfo ˈswaɾeθ maˈðɾið βaˈɾaxas]) (IATA: MAD, ICAO: LEMD), commonly known as Madrid–Barajas Airport, is the main international airport serving Madrid in Spain. At 3,050 ha (7,500 acres) in area, it is the second largest airport in Europe by physical size behind Paris–Charles de Gaulle Airport.[5][6] In 2019, 61.8 million passengers travelled through Madrid–Barajas, making it the country's busiest airport as well as Europe's sixth busiest.

Adolfo Suárez Madrid-Barajas Airport[1] Aeropuerto Adolfo Suárez Madrid-Barajas
IATA: MAD ICAO: LEMD
Summary
Airport type	Public
Owner	ENAIRE
Operator	Aena
Serves	Madrid, Spain
Location	District of Barajas, Madrid
Hub for	Air Europa Iberia
Focus city for	Evelop Airlines Ryanair Wamos Air
Elevation AMSL	610 m / 2,000 ft
Coordinates	40°28′20″N 003°33′39″W
Website	aena.es
Map
MAD Location within Madrid Show map of Madrid MAD MAD (Community of Madrid) Show map of Community of Madrid MAD MAD (Spain) Show map of Spain MAD MAD (Europe) Show map of Europe
Runways
Direction Length Surface m ft 14R/32L 4,100 13,451 Asphalt 18L/36R 3,500 11,482 Asphalt 14L/32R 3,500 11,482 Asphalt 18R/36L 4,350 14,268 Asphalt / Concrete
Statistics (2019)
Passengers 61,734,037 Aircraft Movements 426,376 Cargo (t) 558,567 Economic impact (2012) $10.9 billion[2] Social impact (2012) 130,900[2]
Sources: Passenger Traffic, AENA[3] Spanish AIP, AENA[4]

The airport opened in 1928, and has grown to be one of Europe's most important aviation centres. Located within the city limits of Madrid, it is just 9 km (6 mi) from the city's financial district and 13 km (8 mi) northeast of the Puerta del Sol or Plaza Mayor de Madrid, Madrid's historic centre. The airport name derives from the adjacent district of Barajas, which has its own metro station on the same rail line serving the airport. Barajas serves as the gateway to the Iberian peninsula from the rest of Europe and the world, and is a particularly key link between Europe and Latin America. The airport is the primary hub and maintenance base for Iberia and Air Europa. Consequently, Iberia is responsible for more than 40% of Barajas' traffic. The airport has five passenger terminals named T1, T2, T3, T4 and T4S.

History

Early years

The airport was constructed in 1927, opening to national and international air traffic on 22 April 1931, although regular commercial operations began two years later. A small terminal was constructed with a capacity for 30,000 passengers a year, in addition to several hangars and the building of the Avión Club. The first regular flight was established by Lineas Aéreas Postales Españolas (LAPE) with its route to Barcelona. In the 1930s, flights started to serve some European and African destinations, the first international flights from the airport.

Originally, the flight field was a large circle bordered in white with the name of Madrid in its interior, unpaved, consisting of land covered with natural grass. It was not until the 1940s that the flight field was paved and new runways were designed. The first runway which started operation in 1944 was 1,400 metres long and 45 metres wide.[7] By the end of the decade the airport had three runways, none of which exist today. In the late 1940s, scheduled flights to Latin America and the Philippines started.

In the 1950s, the airport supported over half a million passengers, increasing to five runways and scheduled flights to New York City began. The National Terminal, currently T2, began construction in 1954 and opened later that year. In the Plan of Airports of 1957, Barajas Airport is classified as a first-class international airport. By the 1970s, large jets were landing at Barajas, and the growth of traffic mainly as a result of tourism exceeded forecasts. At the beginning of the decade, the airport reached the 1.2 million passengers, double that envisaged in the Plan of Airports of 1957.

In the 1970s, with the boom in tourism and the arrival of the Boeing 747, the airport reached 4 million passengers and began the construction of the international terminal (current T1). In 1974, Iberia, L.A.E. introduced the shuttle service between Madrid and Barcelona, a service with multiple daily frequencies and available without prior reservation.

The 1982 FIFA World Cup brought significant expansion and modernisation of the airport's two existing terminals.[7]

In the 1990s, the airport expanded further. In 1994, the first cargo terminal was constructed and the control tower was renovated. In 1997, it opened the North Dock, which is used as an exclusive terminal for Iberia's Schengen flights. In 1998, it inaugurated a new control tower, 71 m tall and then in 1999 the new South Dock opened, which implies an expansion of the international terminal. During this time, the distribution of the terminals changed: The south dock and most of the International Terminal were now called T1, the rest of the International Terminal and Domestic Terminal were now called T2 and the north dock was called T3.

In November 1998, the new runway 18R-36L started operations (replacing the previous 18–36), 4,400 m long, one of the largest in Europe under expansion plans called Major Barajas. In 2000, it began the construction of new terminals T4 and its satellite, T4S, designed by architects Antonio Lamela, Richard Rogers and . Two parallel runways to the existing ones were also built.

Development since the 2000s

The new terminals and runways were completed in 2004, but administrative delays and equipment, as well as the controversy over the redeployment of terminals, delayed service until 5 February 2006.

Terminal 4, designed by Antonio Lamela, Richard Rogers and Luis Vidal, (winning team of the 2006 Stirling Prize) and TPS Engineers, (winning team of the 2006 IStructE Award for Commercial Structures)[8] was built by Ferrovial[9] and inaugurated on 5 February 2006. Terminal 4 is one of the world's largest airport terminals in terms of area, with 760,000 square meters (8,180,572 square feet) in separate landside and airside structures. It consists of a main building, T4 (470,000 m²) and a satellite building, T4S (290,000 m²), which are approximately 2.5 km apart. The new Terminal 4 is designed to give passengers a stress-free start to their journey. This is managed through careful use of illumination, with glass panes instead of walls and numerous skylights which allow natural light into the structure. With this new addition, Barajas is designed to handle 70 million passengers annually.

During the construction of Terminal 4, two more runways (15L/33R and 18L/36R) were constructed to aid in the flow of air traffic arriving and departing from Barajas. These runways were officially inaugurated on 5 February 2006 (together with the terminals), but had already been used on several occasions beforehand to test flight and air traffic manoeuvres. Thus, Barajas came to have four runways: two on a north–south axis and parallel to each other (separated by 1.8 km) and two on a northwest–southeast axis (and separated by 2.5 km). This allowed simultaneous takeoffs and landings into the airport, allowing 120 operations an hour (one takeoff or landing every 30 seconds).

Terminals 1, 2 and 3 are adjacent terminals that are home to SkyTeam and Star Alliance airlines. Terminal 4 is home to Iberia, its franchise Air Nostrum and all Oneworld partner airlines. Gate numbers are continuous in terminals 1, 2 and 3 (A1 to E89), but are separately numbered in terminal 4 (H, J, K and M, R, S, U in satellite building).

The Madrid–Barcelona air shuttle service, known as the "Puente Aéreo" (in Spanish), literally called "Air Bridge", used to be the busiest route between two EU airports[10] with 55 daily flights in 2012.[11] The schedule has been reduced since the February 2008 opening of the Madrid–Barcelona high-speed rail line which covers the distance in ​2 ¹⁄₂ hours. Subsequently, the route has been overtaken by London-Dublin and Paris-Toulouse.

• On the morning of 30 December 2006, an explosion took place in the carpark building module D attached to Terminal 4. Authorities received a bomb threat at approximately 8:15 local time (7:15 GMT), with the caller stating that a car bomb carried with 800 kg of explosive would explode at 9:00 local time (8:00 GMT).[12] After receiving the warning, police were able to evacuate part of the airport.[13] Later, an anonymous caller stated that ETA claims responsibility for the bombing.[14] As a result of the explosion, two Ecuadorians who were sleeping in their cars died. The whole module D of the car park was levelled creating around 40,000 tonnes of debris. It took workers six days to recover the body of the second victim from the rubble.

Main article: 2006 Madrid–Barajas Airport bombing

In 2007, the airport processed more than 52 million passengers. Barajas was voted "Best Airport" in the 2008 Condé Nast Traveller Reader Awards.[15]

In December 2010, the Spanish government announced plans to tender Madrid–Barajas airport to companies in the private sector for a period of up to 40 years.[16]

On 27 January 2012, Spanair suspended all flights affecting Madrid–Barajas as well as other domestic and international connections.[17] On 20 September 2012, both runways 15/33 were renamed as 14R/32L (the longest) and 14L/32R (the shortest).

On 1 August 2015, the first scheduled Airbus A380 flight landed in Madrid-Barajas in a daily service to Dubai by Emirates.

Following the death of former Spanish Prime Minister, Adolfo Suárez, in 2014, the Spanish Ministry of Public Works and Transport announced[18] that the airport would be renamed Aeropuerto Adolfo Suárez, Madrid–Barajas. This renaming seeks recognition for Suárez's role as the first Prime Minister of Spain after the restoration of democracy and his key participation in the transition to democracy after the dictatorship of Francisco Franco.

In December 2019, the airport's operator Aena announced plans to significantly expand and renovate the existing installations, increasing their yearly capacity from 70 to 80 million passengers and bridging the architectural gap between the original Terminals 1, 2 and 3 and the newer Terminal 4. The project has a budget of 750 million Euro and is set to be executed in the period from 2022 to 2026.[19]

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

As of August 2020, the following airlines serve 193 regular scheduled and charter routes to and from Madrid:[20]

Airlines	Destinations
Aegean Airlines	Athens
Aer Lingus	Dublin
Aeroflot	Moscow–Sheremetyevo
Aerolíneas Argentinas	Buenos Aires–Ezeiza
Aeroméxico	Mexico City
Air Algérie	Algiers
Air Arabia	Tangier
Air Canada	Toronto–Pearson
Air China	Beijing–Capital, São Paulo–Guarulhos
Air Europa	A Coruña, Alicante, Amsterdam, Asturias, Athens, Asunción, Barcelona, Bilbao, Bogotá, Brussels, Buenos Aires–Ezeiza, Cancún, Caracas, Casablanca, Cordoba (AR), Düsseldorf, Fortaleza, Frankfurt, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Guayaquil, Havana, Ibiza, Lanzarote, Lima, Lisbon, London–Gatwick, Málaga, Marrakesh, Medellín–JMC, Miami, Milan–Malpensa, Montevideo, Munich, New York–JFK, Palma de Mallorca, Panama City–Tocumen, Paris–Orly, Porto, Punta Cana, Quito, Recife, Rome–Fiumicino, Salvador da Bahia, San Juan, San Pedro Sula, Santa Cruz de la Sierra–Viru Viru, Santo Domingo–Las Americas, São Paulo–Guarulhos, Seville, Tel Aviv, Tenerife–North, Tunis, Valencia, Venice, Vigo, Zürich Seasonal: Alghero
Air France	Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Paris–Orly
Air India	Delhi
Air Moldova	Chișinău
Air Serbia	Belgrade
Air Transat	Seasonal: Montréal–Trudeau (resumes 3 May 2021)[21]
airBaltic	Riga
Alitalia	Milan–Linate, Rome–Fiumicino
American Airlines	Dallas/Fort Worth, Miami, New York–JFK, Philadelphia Seasonal: Charlotte
Avianca	Bogotá, (resumes September 1, 2020)[22] Cali (resumes October 1, 2020),[22] Medellín–JMC (resumes October 1, 2020)[22]
Beijing Capital Airlines	Chengdu, Hangzhou
Blue Air	Bucharest (resumes 29 March 2021)[23] Seasonal: Bacău
Boliviana de Aviación	Cochabamba, Santa Cruz de la Sierra–Viru Viru
British Airways	London–Heathrow
Brussels Airlines	Brussels
Bulgaria Air	Sofia
Cathay Pacific	Hong Kong
Ceiba Intercontinental Airlines	Malabo
China Eastern Airlines	Shanghai–Pudong, Xi'an
Cubana de Aviación	Havana, Santiago de Cuba
Czech Airlines	Prague
Delta Air Lines	Atlanta, New York–JFK
easyJet	Basel/Mulhouse, Berlin–Tegel, Bristol, Edinburgh, Geneva, Lisbon, Liverpool, London–Gatwick, London–Luton, Lyon, Milan–Malpensa, Paris–Charles de Gaulle
EgyptAir	Cairo
El Al	Tel Aviv
Emirates	Dubai–International
Estelar Latinoamerica	Caracas
Ethiopian Airlines	Addis Ababa
Etihad Airways	Abu Dhabi
Evelop Airlines	Cancún, Havana, Punta Cana, Tenerife–North Seasonal: Mauritius, San José (CR)
Finnair	Helsinki
Hainan Airlines	Shenzhen
Iberia	A Coruña, Asturias, Athens, Barcelona, Basel/Mulhouse, Bilbao, Bogotá, Boston, Brussels, Budapest, Buenos Aires–Ezeiza, Caracas, Chicago–O'Hare, Dakar–Diass, Düsseldorf, Florence, Geneva, Guatemala City, Guayaquil, Hamburg, Havana, Jerez de la Frontera, Lima, Lisbon, London–Heathrow, Los Angeles, Sofia(begins 19 August 2020), Medellín–JMC, Mexico City, Miami, Milan–Linate, Milan–Malpensa, Montevideo, Munich, New York–JFK, Oslo–Gardermoen, Panama City, Paris–Orly, Porto, Prague, Quito, Rio de Janeiro–Galeão, Rome–Fiumicino, San José (CR), San Juan, San Salvador, Santander, Santiago de Chile, Santo Domingo–Las Americas, São Paulo–Guarulhos, Shanghai–Pudong, Stockholm–Arlanda, Tel Aviv, Tokyo–Narita, Venice, Vienna, Vigo, Washington–Dulles, Zagreb, Zürich Seasonal: Bastia, Bergen, Cairo, Catania, Corfu, Dubrovnik, Faro, Fez, Genoa, Gran Canaria, Moscow–Domodedovo, Olbia, Saint Petersburg, San Francisco, Split Seasonal charter: Dubai–Al Maktoum
Iberia Express	Amsterdam, Berlin–Tegel, Copenhagen, Dublin, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Ibiza, Lanzarote, La Palma, London–Gatwick, Lyon, Málaga, Manchester, Nantes, Naples, Nice, Palma de Mallorca, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Rennes, Santiago de Compostela, Seville, Stuttgart, Tenerife–North, Tenerife–South Seasonal: Bari, Bucharest, Cagliari, Cork, Edinburgh, Heraklion, Kefalonia, Kraków, Malta, Menorca, Mykonos, Palermo, Reykjavik–Keflavik, Santorini, Toulouse, Zadar
Iberia Regional	A Coruña, Alicante, Algiers, Almería, Asturias, Badajoz, Bologna, Bordeaux, Casablanca, Châlons-Vatry, Frankfurt, Granada, Ibiza, Jerez de la Frontera, Lisbon, Logroño, Lyon, Málaga, Marrakesh, Marseille, Melilla, Menorca, Nantes, Nice, Palma de Mallorca, Pamplona, San Sebastián, Santander, Seville, Strasbourg, Tangier, Toulouse, Turin, Valencia, Vigo, Zürich Seasonal: Biarritz, Faro, Funchal, Malta, Split, Verona
Icelandair	Seasonal: Reykjavík–Keflavík
KLM	Amsterdam
Korean Air	Seoul–Incheon
LATAM	Lima, Santiago de Chile, São Paulo–Guarulhos
LOT Polish Airlines	Warsaw–Chopin
Lufthansa	Frankfurt, Munich
Luxair	Luxembourg
Middle East Airlines	Beirut
Norwegian Air Shuttle	Los Angeles, Oslo–Gardermoen
Pegasus Airlines	Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen
Plus Ultra Líneas Aéreas	Cali, Caracas, Cartagena, Guayaquil, Lima, Quito
Qatar Airways	Doha
Royal Air Maroc	Casablanca, Rabat
Royal Jordanian	Amman–Queen Alia
Ryanair	Athens, Bari, Beauvais, Bergamo, Berlin–Schönefeld, Birmingham, Bologna, Brussels, Bucharest, Budapest, Cagliari, Catania, Charleroi, Cologne/Bonn, Copenhagen, Dublin, Eindhoven, Fes, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Ibiza, Kiev–Boryspil, Kraków, Lanzarote, London–Stansted, Luxembourg, Malta, Manchester, Marrakech, Marseille, Milan–Malpensa, Naples, Palermo, Palma de Mallorca, Pisa, Porto, Prague, Rabat, Rome–Ciampino, Santiago de Compostela, Sofia, Tangier, Tenerife–North, Tenerife–South, Vienna, Warsaw–Modlin Seasonal: Menorca, Wroclaw
Saudia	Jeddah, Riyadh
Swiss International Air Lines	Geneva, Zürich
TAP Air Portugal	Lisbon, Porto
TAROM	Bucharest
Transavia	Paris–Orly Seasonal: Montpellier
Tunisair	Tunis
Turkish Airlines	Istanbul
Ukraine International Airlines	Kiev–Boryspil, Lviv
United Airlines	Newark Seasonal: Washington–Dulles
Volotea	Bordeaux, Genoa, Nantes Seasonal: Alghero, Bastia, Faro, Toulouse
Vueling	Barcelona, Florence, Ibiza, Paris–Charles de Gaulle Seasonal: Menorca
Wamos Air	Cancún, Punta Cana, Varadero Seasonal: Orlando/Sanford
Wizz Air	Bucharest, Budapest, Cluj-Napoca, Craiova, Sibiu, Sofia, Timișoara, Vienna, Warsaw–Chopin

Cargo

Airlines	Destinations
Cygnus Air[24]	Gran Canaria, Tenerife–North
DHL Aviation	Beijing–Capital, Casablanca, Copenhagen, East Midlands, Frankfurt, Leipzig/Halle, London–Heathrow, Miami, Milan–Malpensa, Paris–Charles de Gaulle
Emirates SkyCargo[25]	Dubai–Al Maktoum
FedEx Feeder[26]	Paris–Charles de Gaulle
Qatar Airways Cargo[27]	Doha
Swiftair[28]	Casablanca, Gran Canaria, Palma de Mallorca, Tenerife–North
Turkish Cargo[29]	Houston-Intercontinental, Istanbul–Atatürk, Miami
UPS Airlines	Casablanca, Chicago–O'Hare, Cologne/Bonn, London–Stansted
West Atlantic UK	Liège

Traffic and statistics

old map of the runways

Interior of Terminal 4

Entrance of Terminal 4 at Madrid Barajas Airport

Madrid-Barajas T4 interior

Madrid-Barajas T3 from airside

Terminal 4 Madrid-Barajas

Interior of Terminal 4

Barajas Terminal 4 panorama

Ground control tower at T4S

Main Control tower

Terminal 1 interior

Terminal T-4 Madrid - Barajas Airport

Passenger numbers

	Passengers	Aircraft Movements	Cargo (tonnes)
2001	34,050,215	375,558	295,944
2002	33,915,302	368,029	295,711
2003	35,855,861	383,804	307,026
2004	38,718,614	401,503	341,177
2005	42,146,784	415,704	333,138
2006	45,799,983	434,959	325,702
2007	52,110,787	483,292	325,201
2008	50,846,494	469,746	329,187
2009	48,437,147	435,187	302,863
2010	49,863,504	433,683	373,380
2011	49,671,270	429,390	394,154
2012	45,195,014	373,185	359,362
2013	39,735,618	333,056	346,602
2014	41,833,374	342,601	366,645
2015	46,828,279	366,605	381,069
2016	50,420,583	378,150	415,774
2017	53,402,506	387,566	470,795
2018	57,891,340	409,832	518,858
2019	61,734,037	426,376	558,567
June 2020	11,358,081	93,860	193,733
Source: Aena Statistics[3]

Route statistics

Busiest domestic routes at Adolfo Suárez, Madrid–Barajas International Airport (2019)

Rank	City	Passengers	Carriers
1	Barcelona	2,573,822	Air Europa, Iberia, Vueling
2	Palma de Mallorca	1,993,272	Air Europa, Air Nostrum, Iberia Express, Norwegian Air International, Ryanair
3	Gran Canaria	1,658,334	Air Europa, Iberia Express, Norwegian Air International, Ryanair
4	Tenerife (North)	1,494,504	Air Europa, Iberia Express, Norwegian Air International, Ryanair
5	Ibiza	837,333	Air Europa, Air Nostrum, Iberia Express, Ryanair, Vueling
6	Bilbao	836,144	Air Europa, Iberia, Swiftair
7	Santiago de Compostela	715,650	Air Europa, Iberia Express, Ryanair
8	Vigo	684,277	Air Europa, Iberia,
9	A Coruña	681,744	Air Europa, Air Nostrum, Iberia
10	Oviedo	548,114	Air Europa, Iberia

Busiest European routes at Madrid–Barajas International Airport (2019)

Rank	City	Passengers	Carriers
1	Lisbon, Portugal	1,557,731	Air Europa, easyJet, Iberia, TAP Express, TAP Portugal
2	London (Heathrow), United Kingdom	1,476,391	British Airways, Iberia
3	Paris (Orly), France	1,361,645	Air Europa, Iberia, Transavia France
4	Rome (Fiumicino), Italy	1,266,980	Air Europa, Alitalia, Iberia, Vueling
5	Amsterdam, The Netherlands	1,144,421	Air Europa, Iberia Express, KLM
6	Paris (CDG), France	1,115,687	Air France, easyJet, Iberia Express, Vueling
7	Brussels, Belgium	1,085,039	Air Europa, Brussels Airlines, Iberia, Ryanair
8	Frankfurt, Germany	1,071,545	Air Europa, Air Nostrum, Iberia, LATAM Chile, Lufthansa, Ryanair
9	London (Gatwick), United Kingdom	1,033,630	Air Europa, easyJet, Iberia Express, Norwegian Air International
10	Porto, Portugal	970,512	Air Europa, Iberia, Ryanair, TAP Express, TAP Air Portugal

Busiest intercontinental routes at Madrid–Barajas International Airport (2019)

Rank	City	Passengers	Carriers
1	New York (JFK), United States	1,030,397	Air Europa, American Airlines, Delta Air Lines, Iberia, Norwegian Air Shuttle
2	Bogotá, Colombia	953,942	Air Europa, Avianca, Iberia
3	Buenos Aires (Ezeiza), Argentina	949,120	Aerolíneas Argentinas, Air Europa, Iberia
4	Mexico City, Mexico	882,700	Aeroméxico, Iberia
5	Lima, Peru	734,080	Air Europa, Iberia, LATAM, Plus Ultra Líneas Aéreas
6	Miami, United States	720,623	Air Europa, American Airlines, Iberia
7	São Paulo (Guarulhos), Brazil	693,933	Air China, Air Europa, Iberia, LATAM
8	Tel Aviv, Israel	568,644	Air Europa, El Al, Iberia, Smartwings
9	Havana, Cuba	521,935	Air Europa, Cubana de Aviación, Evelop Airlines, Iberia
10	Santiago, Chile	506,539	Iberia, LATAM

Airline market share

Largest Airlines at Madrid–Barajas International Airport (2019)

Rank	Airline	Passengers
1	Iberia	16,529,613
2	Air Europa	9,991,406
3	Ryanair	6,697,100
4	Iberia Express	6,167,708
5	Air Nostrum (Iberia Regional)	3,559,591
6	easyJet	1,738,960
7	Vueling	1,334,063
8	Norwegian Air International	1,100,946
9	Lufthansa	850,459
10	American Airlines	806,692

Medical care

The airport is attached to the Ramón y Cajal University Hospital in Madrid as a reference hospital for medical and surgical emergencies requiring hospital care.[30][31]

In addition, the airport itself has medical rooms and medical personnel attached to the Airport Medical Service to cover transit passengers who need medical attention.[32] It also has 75 Cardiac Rescue Points equipped with defibrillators in the event of cardiorespiratory arrest.[32]

Ground transport

Taxi

All terminals have clearly signed taxi ranks outside the arrivals area. Official taxis are white with a red stripe and have the Madrid City Council coat-of-arms on their doors.

Rail

The Madrid Metro Line connects the airport with city centre station Nuevos Ministerios in Madrid's financial district. The Barajas Line 8 provides a fast route from the underground stations at Terminal 2 (access to T1 and T3) and Terminal 4 into central Madrid. The metro also provides links to stations on the Spanish railway network.

In October 2006, a bid was launched for the construction of a Cercanías link between Chamartín Station and Terminal 4. Now finished, this single Cercanías Line (C-1) links Madrid Barajas Terminal 4, with Chamartín Station and Atocha AVE high-speed train stations.[33] In June 2011 a decision was made to equip this link with dual gauge which will allow AVE high-speed trains to reach the airport station.[34]

The Nuevos Ministerios metro station opened a satellite check-in center in 2002[35] right by the AZCA business area in central Madrid; the satellite check-in center was permanently closed in 2006 due to security concerns.[36]

Metropolitan Bus

EMT (Madrid Municipal Transport Company) runs regular public bus services between the airport and Madrid (Avenida de América station): bus 200 runs as a complete line – dropping passengers at departures of terminals 1, 2 and 4 before collecting passengers in the reverse order at arrivals. The EMT public night bus service N4 (nicknamed "Buho", Owl) also services from Madrid downtown (Plaza Cibeles) to Barajas (Plaza de los Hermanos Falcó y Alvarez de Toledo, 400m from the airport through a passageway above the highway). EMT also have an express bus linking Barajas airport to Renfe's Atocha Station, the main rail station in Madrid, during day and Plaza Cibeles during night. Unlike the two services mentioned above, this line runs 24 hours of the day during all the days of the year.[37]

CRTM (Consorcio Regional de Transportes de Madrid) runs four bus services between the airport and nearby cities in the metropolitan area:

• 822: T1 - Coslada - San Fernando de Henares
• 824: T2 - Torrejón de Ardoz - Alcalá de Henares
• 827: Canillejas - T4 - Alcobendas - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid - Tres Cantos
• 828: Canillejas - T4 - Alcobendas - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid

Long distance coaches

From terminals T1 and T4 the bus company Avanzabus operates routes to Ávila, Castellón, Salamanca, Valencia y Zamora. From terminal T4 the Alsa bus company runs services to the cities of Zaragoza, Barcelona, Valladolid, León, Murcia, Alicante, Gijón, Oviedo, Lugo, Coruña, Santiago de Compostela, Burgos, Vitoria, San Sebastián, Santander, Bilbao, Logroño and Pamplona. From terminal T1 the Socibus company runs services to the major cities in Andalusia: Huelva, Córdoba, Cadiz, Jerez and Seville.

Airport People Mover

Automated People Mover that links Terminal 4 and the Terminal 4 Satellite

In early 2006, the first driverless transit system in Spain and the longest airport people mover system in Europe began transporting passengers between the new terminal (T4) and a new satellite terminal (T4S). Deploying the CITYFLO 550 automatic train control technology, the system is the only mode of transportation for passengers between the two terminals, which are spaced more than two kilometres apart.[38] Bombardier became the only contractor for the completely underground shuttle system, including the construction of the civil works, operation and maintenance of the system.

Airport parking

Long- and short-term car parking is provided at the airport with seven public parking areas. P1 is an outdoor car park located in front of the terminal building; P2 is an indoor car park with direct access to terminals T2 and T3. A Parking 'Express' facility, available for short periods only, is located at Terminal 2 and dedicated long-term parking is also available with 1,655 spaces; a free shuttle operates between the long-stay car park and all terminals. There are also VIP car parks.

Incidents and accidents

• On 30 September 1972, Douglas C-47B EC-AQE of Spantax crashed on take-off. The aircraft was being used for training duties and the student pilot over-rotated and stalled. One of the six people on board was killed.[39]
• On 27 November 1983, Avianca Flight 011 crashed while attempting to land. Flight 011 struck a series of hills, causing the plane's right wing to break off. The 747 then cartwheeled, shattering into five pieces before coming to rest upside-down. Only 11 of the 169 passengers survived – there were no survivors among the 23 crew.[40]
• On 7 December 1983, an Iberia 727 operating as Iberia Flight 350[41] collided during takeoff with Aviaco Flight 134, a DC-9[42] The Aviaco DC-9 had accidentally entered the runway as the Iberia flight was taking off.[43] Ninety-three people were killed, including 51 from the Iberia 727 and 42 from the Aviaco DC-9.
• On 15 July 2006, the winglet of a Thai Airways International Boeing 747-400 HS-TGY operating flight TG943 from Madrid Barajas Airport in Spain to Rome Leonardo da Vinci-Fiumicino Airport cut off the tail of an Air France ERJ-145 while taxiing to the runway for take-off. No injuries were reported.[44]
• On 20 August 2008, Spanair Flight 5022 which was travelling to Gran Canaria, veered off to the right and into the ground while climbing immediately after lifting off from runway 36L at 14:45 local time. The McDonnell Douglas MD-82 with registration "EC-HFP", was carrying 172 people, including 162 passengers.[45] In the accident, 154 people were killed, two were seriously injured and 12 were slightly injured. Prime Minister Zapatero ordered three days of national mourning.[46]

References

 This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website http://www.afhra.af.mil/.

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External links

Media related to Madrid-Barajas Airport at Wikimedia Commons
Adolfo Suárez Madrid–Barajas Airport travel guide from Wikivoyage

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