Tropical cyclones in 2016

During 2016, tropical cyclones formed within seven different tropical cyclone basins, located within various parts of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. During the year, a total of 143 tropical cyclones had formed this year. 90 of which had been named by either a Regional Specialized Meteorological Center (RSMC) or a Tropical Cyclone Warning Center (TCWC). The most active basin in 2016 was the Western Pacific, which documented 26 named systems.

Tropical cyclones in 2016
Year summary map
Year boundaries
First systemPali
FormedJanuary 7, 2016
Last systemNock-ten
DissipatedDecember 28, 2016
Strongest system
NameWinston
Lowest pressure884 mbar/hPa; 26.10 inHg
Longest lasting system
NameWinston
Duration24 days
Year statistics
Total systems143
Named systems90
Total fatalities2,190 total
Total damage$42.1 billion (2016 USD)
Related articles

The strongest of these tropical cyclones was Cyclone Winston, which strengthened to a minimum barometric pressure of 884 mbar (hPa; 26.10 inHg) before striking Fiji.[1] The costliest and deadliest tropical cyclone in 2016 was Hurricane Matthew, which impacted Haiti, Cuba, Florida, Georgia and the Carolinas, causing US$15.09 billion in damage.[2] Matthew killed 603 people; 546 in Haiti,[3] 47 in United States, 4 in Cuba and Dominican Republic,[4][5] and 1 in Colombia and St. Vincent.[6]

Global atmospheric and hydrological conditions

North Atlantic Ocean

Eastern Pacific Ocean

Summary
Typhoon Nock-tenCyclone VardahNovember 2016 Vietnam tropical depressionTyphoon HaimaTyphoon SarikaHurricane Nicole (2016)Tropical Storm Aere (2016)Typhoon Songda (2016)Hurricane MatthewTyphoon Chaba (2016)Typhoon Megi (2016)Tropical Storm Julia (2016)Typhoon Malakas (2016)Typhoon MerantiHurricane Newton (2016)Hurricane HermineHurricane Madeline (2016)Typhoon Lionrock (2016)Typhoon Mindulle (2016)Tropical Storm Dianmu (2016)Hurricane Earl (2016)Tropical Storm Nida (2016)Tropical Storm Mirinae (2016)Hurricane Darby (2016)Typhoon Nepartak (2016)Tropical Storm Colin (2016)Tropical Storm Bonnie (2016)Cyclone RoanuCyclone AmosCyclone FantalaCyclone WinstonCyclone Ula

Systems

A total of 139 systems formed globally in 2016 with 71 of them causing significant damage, deaths, and/or setting records for their basin.

January
Cyclone Victor
Tropical Cyclones Formed in January 2016
Storm Name Dates Active Basin Max wind
km/h (mph)		 Pressure
(hPa)		 Areas Affected Damage
(USD)		 Deaths Refs
Pali January 7–15 Central Pacific 155 (100) 977 None None None
Alex January 12–15 North Atlantic 140 (85) 981 Bermuda, Azores Minimal 1
Victor January 14–22 South Pacific 150 (90) 958 Northern Cook Islands, Niue, Tonga None None
07U January 19–25 Australian Region Unspecified Unspecified None None None
Corentin January 20–25 Southwest Indian 110 (70) 970 None None None
Stan January 27–31 Australian Region 100 (65) 980 Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria Unknown None

February
Cyclone Winston
Tropical Cyclones Formed in February 2016
Storm Name Dates Active Basin(s) Max wind
km/h (mph)		 Pressure
(hPa)		 Areas Affected Damage
(USD)		 Deaths Refs
Winston February 7- March 3 South Pacific 280 (175) 884 Vanuatu, Fiji, Tonga, Niue $1.4 billion 44 [1][7]
Daya February 8–12 Southwest Indian 75 (45) 992 Madagascar, Réunion, Mauritius Unknown None
Uriah February 9–19 Australian Region
Southwest Indian		 205 (125) 925 Cocos (Keeling) Islands Minor None
Tatiana February 9–14 Australian Region
South Pacific		 95 (60) 982 Queensland None None
11U February 14–16 Australian Region Unspecified Unspecified None None None
Yalo February 24–26 South Pacific 75 (45) 993 Cook Islands, French Polynesia None None
12F February 29–March 1 South Pacific Unspecified 1000 French Polynesia None None

March
Cyclone Emeraude
Tropical Cyclones Formed in March 2016
Storm Name Dates Active Basin Max wind
km/h (mph)		 Pressure
(hPa)		 Areas Affected Damage
(USD)		 Deaths Refs
12U March 1–6 Australian Region 65 (40) 1000 None None None
14U March 14–16 Australian Region 55 (35) 998 Northern Territory, Queensland None None
Emeraude March 15–21 Southwest Indian 205 (125) 940 None None None
13F March 19–22 South Pacific Unspecified 998 New Caledonia, Vanuatu None None
07 March 28–30 Southwest Indian 85 (50) 992 None None None

April
Cyclone Fantala
Tropical Cyclones Formed in April 2016
Storm Name Dates Active Basin Max wind
km/h (mph)		 Pressure
(hPa)		 Areas Affected Damage
(USD)		 Deaths Refs
14F April 1–5 South Pacific Unspecified 1002 Vanuatu None None
15F April 2–6 South Pacific Unspecified 998 Fiji None None
Zena April 5–7 South Pacific 130 (80) 975 Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Fiji, Tonga Minimal 2 [8]
Fantala April 11–23 Southwest Indian 250 (155) 910 Agaléga, Seychelles, Madagascar, Tanzania $4.5 million 13 [9]
Amos April 20–24 South Pacific 150 (90) 965 Fiji, Wallis and Futuna, Samoan Islands Minimal None
18F April 20–27 South Pacific Unspecified 1002 French Polynesia None None

May
Cyclone Roanu
Tropical Cyclones Formed in May 2016
Storm Name Dates Active Basin Max wind
km/h (mph)		 Pressure
(hPa)		 Areas Affected Damage
(USD)		 Deaths Refs
Roanu May 17–22 North Indian 85 (50) 983 Sri Lanka, East coast of India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Yunnan $2.03 billion 135 [10][11][12]
01W May 25–27 West Pacific Unspecified 1000 South China $8.7 million None
Bonnie May 27–June 4 North Atlantic 75 (45) 1006 The Bahamas, Southeastern United States $640,000 2 [13][14][15]

June
Tropical Storm Colin
Tropical Cyclones Formed in June 2016
Storm Name Dates Active Basin Max wind
km/h (mph)		 Pressure
(hPa)		 Areas Affected Damage
(USD)		 Deaths Refs
Colin June 5–7 North Atlantic 85 (50) 1001 Yucatán Peninsula, Cuba, Florida, East Coast of the United States $1.04 million 6 [16]
One-E June 6–8 West Pacific 55 (35) 1006 Southwestern Mexico Minor None
Danielle June 19–21 North Atlantic 75 (45) 1007 Yucatán Peninsula, Eastern Mexico Minimal 1 [17]
TD June 22–23 West Pacific 55 (35) 1006 Vietnam Nine None
Ambo June 25–28 West Pacific 55 (35) 1004 Philippines, South China None None
ARB 01 June 27–29 North Indian 45 (30) 996 Oman, Gujarat None None

July
Typhoon Nepartak
Tropical Cyclones Formed in July 2016
Storm Name Dates Active Basin(s) Max wind
km/h (mph)		 Pressure
(hPa)		 Areas Affected Damage
(USD)		 Deaths Refs
Nepartak (Butchoy) July 2–10 West Pacific 205 (125) 900 Philippines, Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, East China $1.89 billion 111 [18]
Agatha July 2–5 East Pacific 85 (50) 1002 None None None
Blas July 2–10 East Pacific 220 (140) 947 Hawaii None None
Celia July 6–16 East Pacific 155 (100) 972 Hawaii None 2 [19]
LAND 01 July 6–7 North Indian 45 (30) 996 East India Unknown None
Darby July 11–26 East Pacific 195 (120) 958 Hawaii Minimal None
Estelle July 15–22 East Pacific 110 (70) 990 None None None
03W July 15–20 West Pacific Unspecified 1006 Ryukyu Islands None None
Abela July 15–20 Southwest Indian 95 (60) 987 Madagascar None None
Frank July 21–28 East Pacific 140 (85) 979 Baja California Peninsula, Nayarit None None
Georgette July 21–27 East Pacific 215 (130) 952 Hawaii None None
Lupit July 22–24 West Pacific 75 (45) 1000 None None None
Mirinae July 25–28 West Pacific 100 (65) 980 South China, Indochina $346 million 7 [20][21]
Nida (Carina) July 29–August 3 West Pacific 110 (70) 975 Philippines, Taiwan, South China, Vietnam $316 million 6 [20][22]
Howard July 31–August 3 East Pacific 95 (60) 998 Hawaii None None

August
Typhoon Lionrock
Hurricane Gaston
Hurricane Lester
Hurricane Madeline
Tropical Cyclones Formed in August 2016
Storm Name Dates Active Basin Max wind
km/h (mph)		 Pressure
(hPa)		 Areas Affected Damage
(USD)		 Deaths Refs
Earl August 2–6 North Atlantic 140 (85) 979 Lesser Antilles, Puerto Rico, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Cayman Islands, Central America, Mexico $250 million 106
Ivette August 2–8 East Pacific 95 (60) 1000 Hawaii None None
Omais August 2–9 West Pacific 110 (70) 975 Guam, Japan None None
TD August 6–9 West Pacific Not specified 998 Ryukyu Islands, East China None None
Javier August 7–9 East Pacific 100 (65) 997 Mexico Minimal None
Conson August 7–15 West Pacific 85 (50) 985 Japan None None
LAND 02 August 9–12 North Indian 55 (35) 994 Bangladesh, India Minimal 2
TD August 10–13 West Pacific Not specified 996 Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, East China None None
TD August 10–12 West Pacific Not specified 1010 Midway Atoll None None
Chanthu August 12–17 West Pacific 100 (65) 980 Japan $94.7 million None
TD August 12–13 West Pacific Not specified 1002 Taiwan None None
Dianmu August 15–20 West Pacific 85 (50) 980 China, Vietnam, Laos, Thailand, Myanmar, Bangladesh, India $481.1 million 22
TD August 15–16 West Pacific Not specified 996 South China, Vietnam None None
Fiona August 16–23 North Atlantic 85 (50) 1004 Bermuda None None
BOB 02 August 16–20 North Indian 55 (35) 994 Bangladesh, India Minimal 6
Mindulle August 17–23 West Pacific 120 (75) 975 Mariana Islands, Japan $448.3 million 3
Lionrock (Dindo) August 17–30 West Pacific 220 (140) 940 Japan, Russian Far East, North Korea $3.84 billion 550
Kay August 18–23 East Pacific 85 (50) 1000 Mexico None None
Kompasu August 18–21 West Pacific 65 (40) 994 Guam, Japan Minimal 1
Gaston August 22–September 2 North Atlantic 195 (120) 955 Flores Island None None
TD August 23–24 West Pacific Not specified 1000 Philippines None None
14W August 23–24 West Pacific 55 (35) 1002 Guam None None
TD August 24 West Pacific Not specified 1000 None None None
Lester August 25–September 7 East Pacific 230 (145) 944 Hawaii Minimal None
Madeline August 26–September 2 East Pacific 215 (130) 950 Hawaii Minimal None
TD August 27 West Pacific Not specified 1004 None None None
Eight August 28–September 1 North Atlantic 55 (35) 1010 Cape Hatteras Minimal None
Hermine August 28–September 8 North Atlantic 130 (80) 981 Dominican Republic, Cuba, The Bahamas, Florida, East coast of the United States, Atlantic Canada $550 million 4 (1)
TD August 30–31 West Pacific Not specified 1004 None None None
Namtheun (Enteng) August 31–September 5 West Pacific 130 (80) 955 Taiwan, Japan Minimal None

September
Typhoon Meranti
Hurricane Matthew
Typhoon Chaba
Tropical Cyclones Formed in September 2016
Storm Name Dates Active Basin Max wind
km/h (mph)		 Pressure
(hPa)		 Areas Affected Damage
(USD)		 Deaths Refs
Newton September 4–7 East Pacific 150 (90) 977 Baja California Peninsula, Northwestern Mexico, Southwestern United States $95.8 million 9
Malou September 5–7 West Pacific 75 (45) 1000 Japan Minimal None
TD September 7–8 West Pacific Not specified 998 Japan None None
Meranti (Ferdie) September 8–16 West Pacific 315 (195) 890 Philippines, Taiwan, Mainland China, South Korea $4.79 billion 47
TD September 9–10 West Pacific Not specified 1008 None None None
TD September 10 West Pacific Not specified 1008 Taiwan None None
17W September 10–12 West Pacific 65 (40) 1008 None None None
Orlene September 11–17 East Pacific 175 (110) 967 None None None
Rai September 11–13 West Pacific 55 (35) 996 Vietnam, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia $37 million 12
Malakas (Gener) September 11–20 West Pacific 215 (130) 930 Mariana Islands, Taiwan, Japan $300 million 1
Ian September 12–16 North Atlantic 95 (60) 994 None None None
Julia September 13–18 North Atlantic 85 (50) 1007 The Bahamas, Southeastern United States $6.13 million None
Karl September 14–25 North Atlantic 110 (70) 988 Bermuda Minimal None
Paine September 18–20 East Pacific 150 (90) 979 Baja California Peninsula None None
Lisa September 19–25 North Atlantic 85 (50) 999 None None None
Megi (Helen) September 22–29 West Pacific 215 (130) 945 Caroline Islands, Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, China $1.56 billion 52
01U September 23–29 Australian Region Not specified Not specified None None None
Chaba (Igme) September 24–October 5 West Pacific 280 (175) 905 Mariana Islands, South Korea, Japan, Russian Far East $2.61 billion 10
Roslyn September 25–29 East Pacific 85 (50) 999 None None None
Ulika September 26–30 Central Pacific 120 (75) 992 None None None
Matthew September 28–October 9 North Atlantic 270 (165) 934 Windward Islands, Leeward Antilles, Venezuela, Colombia, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Cuba, Turks and Caicos Islands, The Bahamas, Southeastern United States, Atlantic Canada $15.09 billion 603

October
Typhoon Haima
Tropical Cyclones Formed in October 2016
Storm Name Dates Active Basin Max wind
km/h (mph)		 Pressure
(hPa)		 Areas Affected Damage
(USD)		 Deaths Refs
Bransby October 2–6 Southwest Indian 100 (65) 987 None None None
Songda October 4–13 West Pacific 240 (150) 925 Pacific Northwest Unknown None
Aere (Julian) October 4–14 West Pacific 110 (70) 975 Philippines, Taiwan, South China, Indochina $112 million 35
Nicole October 4–18 North Atlantic 220 (140) 950 Bermuda $15 million 1
02U October 12–18 Australian Region Not specified 1004 None None None
Sarika (Karen) October 13–19 West Pacific 175 (110) 935 Philippines, South China, Vietnam $866 million 37
Haima (Lawin) October 14–21 West Pacific 215 (130) 900 Caroline Islands, Philippines, Taiwan, China, Japan $972 million 19
TD October 15 West Pacific Not specified 1008 None None None
Kyant October 21–28 North Indian 75 (45) 996 Andaman Islands, Myanmar, South India None None
Seymour October 23–28 East Pacific 240 (150) 940 Baja California None None
Trixi October 28–31 Mediterranean 105 (65) Not specified Calabria, Malta, Greece None None
Meari October 30–November 7 West Pacific 140 (80) 960 Mariana Islands None None
TD October 31 West Pacific Not specified 1008 Mariana Islands None None

November
Hurricane Otto
Tropical Cyclones Formed in November 2016
Storm Name Dates Active Basin Max wind
km/h (mph)		 Pressure
(hPa)		 Areas Affected Damage
(USD)		 Deaths Refs
TD November 1–5 West Pacific 55 (35) 998 None None None
TD November 2–6 West Pacific 55 (35) 1004 Borneo, Indochina $48.1 million 15
BOB 04 November 2–6 North Indian 45 (30) 1000 Malaysia, Thailand, West Bengal, Bangladesh Unknown 80
Ma-on November 8–13 West Pacific 65 (40) 1002 None None None
28W November 9–12 West Pacific Not specified 1008 Marshall Islands None None
03U November 9–15 Australian Region Not specified 1005 None None None
01F November 12–13 South Pacific Not specified 1008 None None None
Tina November 13–14 East Pacific 65 (40) 1004 Western Mexico None None
Deni November 15–16 South Atlantic 75 (45) 998 Brazil None None
Otto November 20–26 North Atlantic, East Pacific 185 (115) 975 Panama, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Columbia ≥ $192.2 million 23
Tokage (Marce) November 24–28 West Pacific 95 (60) 992 Philippines, Vietnam $30 thousand 1
02F November 23–27 South Pacific Not specified 1006 None None None
03F November 27–30 Australian Region, South Pacific Not specified 1000 Solomon Islands None None
Nada November 29–December 2 North Indian 75 (45) 1000 Sri Lanka, South India Unknown 12

December
Typhoon Nock-ten
Tropical Cyclones Formed in December 2016
Storm Name Dates Active Basin Max wind
km/h (mph)		 Pressure
(hPa)		 Areas Affected Damage
(USD)		 Deaths Refs
04U December 4–6 Australian Region Not specified Not specified None None None
Eçaí December 4–6 South Atlantic 100 (65) 992 Brazil None None
Vardah/ARB 02 December 6–18 North Indian 130 (80) 975 Sumatra, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Thailand, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Chennai (Tamil Nadu), Somalia $3.37 billion 47
05U December 9–17 Australian Region Not specified Not specified None None None
TD December 10–13 West Pacific 55 (35) 1004 Vietnam $53.4 million 30
04F December 12–23 South Pacific 45 (30) 998 Fiji $4.7 million None
06U December 18–23 Australian Region 55 (35) 994 Western Australia None None
Yvette December 19–25 Australian Region 85 (50) 987 Western Australia None None
Nock-ten (Nina) December 20–28 West Pacific 195 (120) 915 Caroline Islands, Philippines, Vietnam $123 million 13
05F December 21–26 South Pacific Not specified 1005 None None None
TD December 27 West Pacific Not specified 1004 None None None

Global effects
Season name Areas affected Systems formed Named systems Damage (USD) Deaths
2016 Atlantic hurricane season The Bahamas, Bermuda, Azores, southern Greenland, Southeastern United States, Yucatán Peninsula, Cuba, East Coast of the United States, Lesser Antilles, Puerto Rico, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Cayman Islands, Central America, Mexico, North Carolina, Atlantic Canada, Cape Verde, Antilles, Venezuela, Columbia, Panama, Costa Rica, Nicaragua 16 15 ≥ $17.49 billion 748
2016 Mediterranean tropical cyclone season United Kingdom, Ireland, France, Italy, Tunisia, Greece, Turkey 2 2 Unknown None
2016 South Atlantic tropical cyclone Brazil 3 2 $0 None
2016 Pacific hurricane season Southwestern Mexico, Hawaii, Baja California Peninsula, Nayarit, Western Mexico, Northwestern Mexico, Southwestern United States 22 21 $95.8 million 11
2016 Pacific typhoon season South China, Vietnam, Philippines, Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, East China, Indochina, Mariana Islands, Japan, Russia, Midway Atoll, Russian Far East, Bangladesh, India, Northeast China, North Korea, South Korea, China, Caroline Islands, Pacific Northwest, Borneo, Marshall Islands, 51 26 $17.69 billion 971
2016 North Indian Ocean cyclone season Sri Lanka, East India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Yunnan, Oman, Gujarat, Andaman Islands, South India, Malaysia, Thailand, West Bengal, Sumatra, Nicobar Islands, Chennai, Somalia 9 4 $5.4 billion 401
2015–16 Australian region cyclone season1 Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria, Cocos Islands 8 3 Minor None
2016–17 Australian region cyclone season2 Solomon Islands, Western Australia 8 1 None None
2015–16 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season1 Madagascar, Réunion, Mauritius, Agaléga, Seychelles, Tanzania 6 5 $4.5 million 13
2016–17 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season2 Madagascar 2 2 None None
2015–16 South Pacific cyclone season1 Cook Islands, Niue, Tonga, Vanuatu, Fiji, French Polynesia, New Caledonia, Solomon Islands, Wallis and Futuna, Samoan Islands 11 6 $1.4 billion 46
2016–17 South Pacific cyclone season2 Fiji 5 0 $4.7 million None
Worldwide (See above) 143 90 ≥$42.1 billion 2,191

Notes

    1 Only systems that formed either on or after January 1, 2016 are counted in the seasonal totals.
    2 Only systems that formed either before or on December 31, 2016 are counted in the seasonal totals.
    3 The wind speeds for this tropical cyclone/basin are based on the IMD Scale which uses 3-minute sustained winds.
    4 The wind speeds for this tropical cyclone/basin are based on the Saffir Simpson Scale which uses 1-minute sustained winds.
    5The wind speeds for this tropical cyclone are based on Météo-France which uses gust winds.

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    See also

    References
    1. Diamond, Howard (5 July 2017). "Southwest Pacific Enhanced Archive for Tropical Cyclones (SPEArTC)". Retrieved 6 July 2017.
    2. Stewart, Stacy R (April 3, 2017). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Matthew (PDF) (Technical report). United States National Hurricane Center. Retrieved April 5, 2017.
    3. "Haiti: Cholera spreads from Hurricane Mathew, death toll reaches 546". News Ghana.com. News Ghana. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
    4. "Bridge damaged by Hurricane Matthew collapses in Cuba, killing 4". BNO News. November 23, 2016. Archived from the original on November 24, 2016. Retrieved November 23, 2016.
    5. "Hurricane Matthew slams Haiti, takes aim at US East Coast". Associated Press.
    6. "One dead as Matthew batters Eastern Caribbean". Jamaica Observer. Kingstown, St. Vincent. Caribbean Media Corporation. September 30, 2016. Retrieved September 30, 2016.
    7. Masters, Jeff; Henson, Bob. "Winston's Damage Highest in South Pacific History; Extreme February Warmth in Eurasia". Retrieved 10 February 2018.
    8. "Fijian residents prepare for long night as Cyclone Zena set to make landfall". One News NZ. April 8, 2016.
    9. Athanase, Patsy; Uranie, Sharon (17 May 2016). "$4.5 million in damages from cyclone that hit remote Seychellois island, World Bank says". Victoria, Seychelles. Seychelles News Agency. Retrieved 26 May 2016.
    10. "Sri Lanka finds more landslide fatalities, warns of flood-triggered health crisis". The Japan Times. AFP-JIJI. Retrieved 23 May 2016.
    11. "Bangladesh avoids high death toll with cyclone evacuation". The New Indian Express. 23 May 2016. Retrieved 23 May 2016.
    12. Nalaka Gunawardene (16 June 2016). "Cyclone Roanu exposed Sri Lankan disaster response gaps". SciDev.Net. Retrieved 16 June 2016.
    13. "Tropical Storm Bonnie causes almost $700K in damages in Jasper County". Savannah Morning News. Jasper County Sun Times. June 9, 2016. Retrieved June 9, 2016.
    14. WECT Staff (May 31, 2016). "Body of missing swimmer found on Kure Beach". WECT News. Retrieved May 31, 2016.
    15. Christal Hayes (May 30, 2016). "Rip currents cause Kissimmee man to drown at beach, officials day". Orlando Sentinel. Retrieved May 30, 2016.
    16. Terry Dickson (June 10, 2016). "Camden County woman's body found in creek 5 days after she and husband reported missing, DNR says". The Florida Times-Union. Brunswick, Georgia. Retrieved August 22, 2016.
    17. "Tormenta Danielle causa un muerto en México". El Nuevo Dia (in Spanish). June 21, 2016. Retrieved June 22, 2016.
    18. "Report on TC's Key Activities and Main Events in the Region, 2016" (PDF). ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee. January 9, 2017.
    19. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/EP042016_Celia.pdf
    20. "Phó Thủ tướng chỉ đạo ứng phó thiên tai, bão lũ" (in Vietnamese). Vietnam Government. August 8, 2016. Retrieved August 8, 2016.
    21. "Ten killed, missing as storm Mirinae pounds northern Vietnam". Tuoi Tre News. Tuoi Tre. Retrieved July 31, 2016.
    22. "Global Catastrophe Recap August 2016" (PDF). thoughtleadership.aonbenfield.com. Aon Benfield. Retrieved September 8, 2017.

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