Neo-futurism

Neo-futurism is a late-20th- to early-21st-century movement in the arts, design, and architecture. It has been seen as a departure from the attitude of post-modernism and represents an idealistic[2] belief in a better future.

Neo-futurism
Nanjing International Youth Cultural Centre, a neo-futuristic skyscraper in Nanjing, China[1]
Years active1960s–present
Major figuresPeter Cook, Cedric Price, Renzo Piano, Richard Rogers, Norman Foster, Santiago Calatrava, Zaha Hadid
InfluencesFuturism, high-tech architecture
InfluencedParametricism

Described as an avant-garde movement,[3] as well as a futuristic rethinking of the thought behind aesthetics and functionality of design in growing cities, the movement has its origins in the mid-20th-century structural expressionist work of architects such as Alvar Aalto and Buckminster Fuller.[2]

Futurist architecture began in the 20th century starting with styles such as Art Deco and later with the Googie movement as well as high-tech architecture.

Origins

Beginning in the late 1960s and early 1970s by architects such as Buckminster Fuller[4] and John C. Portman Jr.;[5][6][7] architect and industrial designer Eero Saarinen,[8] Archigram, an avant-garde architectural group (Peter Cook, Warren Chalk, Ron Herron, Dennis Crompton, Michael Webb and David Greene, Jan Kaplický and others);[9][10][11] [12][13][14] it is considered in part an evolution out of high-tech architecture, developing many of the same themes and ideas.[15]

Although it was never built, the Fun Palace (1961) interpreted by architect Cedric Price as a "giant neo-futurist machine"[16][17] influenced other architects, notably Richard Rogers and Renzo Piano, whose Pompidou Centre extended many of Price's ideas.

Definition

Neo-futurism was revitalised in 2007 after the publication of "The Neo-Futuristic City Manifesto"[18][19][20] included in the candidature presented to the Bureau International des Expositions (BIE)[21] and written by innovation designer Vito Di Bari [22][23] (a former executive director at UNESCO),[24] to outline his vision for the city of Milan at the time of the Universal Expo 2015. Di Bari defined his neo-futuristic vision as the "cross-pollination of art, cutting edge technologies and ethical values combined to create a pervasively higher quality of life"; [25] he referenced the Fourth Pillar of Sustainable Development Theory[26] and reported that the name had been inspired by the United Nations report Our Common Future.[27]

Jean-Louis Cohen has defined neo-futurism[28][29] as a corollary to technology, noting that a large amount of the structures built today are byproducts of new materials and concepts about the function of large-scale constructions in society. Etan J. Ilfeld wrote that in the contemporary neo-futurist aesthetic "the machine becomes an integral element of the creative process itself, and generates the emergence of artistic modes that would have been impossible prior to computer technology."[30] Reyner Banham's definition of "une architecture autre" is a call for an architecture that technologically overcomes all previous architectures but possessing an expressive form,[31] as Banham stated about neo-futuristic "Archigram's Plug-in Computerized City, form does not have to follow function into oblivion."[32]

In art and architecture
WU Vienna, Library & Learning Center by Zaha Hadid

Neo-futurism was inspired partly by Futurist architect Antonio Sant'Elia and pioneered from the early 1960s and the late 1970s by Hal Foster,[33] with architects such as William Pereira,[34][35] Charles Luckman[36][37] and Henning Larsen.[38].

People

The relaunch of neo-futurism in the 21st century has been creatively inspired by the Pritzker Architecture Prize-winning architect Zaha Hadid,[39] architect Santiago Calatrava[40][41].

Neo-futurist architects, designers and artists include people like Denis Laming,[42][43][44] Patrick Jouin,[45] Yuima Nakazato,[46][47]artist Simon Stålenhag[48] and artist Charis Tsevis.[49][50][51] Neo-futurism has absorbed some high-tech architectural themes and ideas, incorporating elements of high-tech industry and technology іnto building design: Technology and context has been a focus for some architects such as Buckminster Fuller, Norman Foster,[52][53] Kenzo Tange, Renzo Piano and Richard Rogers.[41]

gollark: Meaning the burritos have to be eaten soon, or they go cold.
gollark: Strictly speaking, it's a *strict* state burrito.
gollark: This is equivalent to an isomorphism between burritos.
gollark: Does not exist.
gollark: I mean, it just calls it `RealWorld`.

References
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  7. "Silver Screen: Meet John Portman, the Architect Behind the Dystopian Backdrops of The Walking Dead and The Hunger Games". Yahoo News. 6 April 2015.
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  25. Manifesto of Neo-Futuristic City in www.neofuturistic.com
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  33. "Neofuturism Architecture And Technology, SCI-Arc Media Archive". Sma.sciarc.edu. 1987-10-05. Retrieved 2014-01-17.
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  47. "Yuima Nakazato creates neo-futuristic sportswear with an Objet500 Connex multi-material 3D Printer [7559] - Prototyp". Netcommunity.se. Archived from the original on 17 September 2013. Retrieved 22 October 2014.
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Further reading
  • Cohen, Jean-Louis (2012). The Future of Architecture. Since 1889. London: Phaidon Press. ISBN 978-0714845982.
  • Di Bari V. (2007). "100 years: From Manifesto of futurist architecture to the Neofuturistic city manifesto" (PDF). Retrieved 2015-04-18.
  • Foster, Hal (1987). "Neo-Futurism: Architecture and Technology". AA Files. Architectural Association School of Architecture. 14: 25–27. JSTOR 29543561.
  • Foster, Hal (1994). "What's Neo about the Neo-Avant-Garde?". October. MIT Press. 70: 5–32. JSTOR 779051.
  • Rowena Easton, The NeoFuturist Manifesto, 2008 http://www.neofuturist.org/manifesto.php
  • Klein, Caroline; Lieb, Stefanie (2013). Futuristic: Visions of Future Living. Cologne: DAAB Media. ISBN 978-3942597098.
  • A History of Neo-Futurism, Erica Anne Milkovich, 2010 - Avant-garde (Aesthetics)
  • Gunther Berghaus, From Futurism to Neo-Futurism, in Avant-garde/Neo-avant-garde, 2005, published by Dietrich Scheunemann, Rodopi BV https://web.archive.org/web/20140811220127/http://www.rodopi.nl/senj.asp?BookId=Avant+17
  • Colin Rowe, Fred Koetter, After the Millennium, in Collage City, 1983, published by Architecture - The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA
  • Etan Jonathan Ilfeld, Beyond Contemporary Art, 2012, Vivays Publishing, London
  • Anthony Vidler, Histories of the immediate present, 2008 MIT Press, Massachusetts Institute of Technology ISBN 978-0-262-72051-9
  • Reyner Banham, “A Clip-on Architecture,” Architectural Design 35, no. 11
  • Reyner Banham: Historian of the Immediate Future (Cambridge: MIT Press, 2002)
  • Ru Brown, FUTURISM IS DEAD LONG LIVE FUTURISM The legacy of techno-love in contemporary design, 2011, University of Washington - MDes Design Investigations
  • Gabriel Gyang Dung, Bridget Mlumun Akaakohol, J.C. Akor - The Concept Of Sustainable Development And The Challenges Of Economic Growth And Development In Nigeria - July 2014, Department of Economics, College of Education, Katsina-Ala.
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