Revivalism (architecture)

Revivalism in architecture is the use of visual styles that consciously echo the style of a previous architectural era.

Typical historicist house: Gründerzeit building by Arwed Roßbach in Leipzig, Germany (built in 1892)

Modern-day revival styles can be summarized within new Classical architecture.

Movements

Mixed

Neogothic Clock Tower at Palace of Westminster in London, by Charles Barry and Augustus Pugin

• Gründerzeit – German historicist architecture of the 2nd half of the 19th century, distinctive style mélange; later variations included, e.g., "Heimatstil"
• Russian Revival architecture – generic term for a number of different movements within Russian architecture that arose in second quarter of the 19th century.
• Historicism or Historism – mixed revivals that can include several older styles, combined with new elements
  • Neo-Historism – revival of historicist architecture including several revival styles; emerged from Postmodern architecture in the late 1990s
• New Classical Architecture – an umbrella term for modern-day architecture following pre-modernist principles
• Traditionalist School – revival of different regional traditional styles
• Vernacular architecture – umbrella term for regional architecture traditions continuing through the eras, also used and cited in revival architecture
• Indo-Saracenic architecture (revival of Indian architecture and Islamic architecture)
• Georgian Revival architecture (revival of Georgian architecture)
• Mediterranean Revival architecture (revival of Italian Renaissance architecture and Spanish Baroque architecture)

Preclassical Revival

• Mycenaean Revival architecture (revival of Mycenaean Greek architecture)

Ancient era Revival

• Egyptian Revival architecture (revival of Ancient Egyptian architecture)
• Indo-Saracenic architecture (revival of Indian architecture and Islamic architecture)
• Neoclassical architecture (revival of Classical architecture)
  • Palladian architecture
  • Federal architecture
  • Greek Revival architecture (revival of Ancient Greek architecture)
  • Jeffersonian architecture
  • Regency architecture
  • Russian neoclassical revival
  • Beaux-Arts architecture
  • New Classical architecture

Postclassical Revival

St. Michael the Archangel Church in Kaunas was built in Neo-Byzantine style

• Byzantine Revival architecture (revival of Byzantine architecture)
  • Bristol Byzantine
  • Russo-Byzantine architecture
  • Romanian Revival
• Mayan Revival architecture (revival of Maya architecture)

Medieval Revival

• Romanesque Revival architecture (revival of Romanesque architecture)
  • Romanesque Revival Architecture in the United Kingdom
  • Richardsonian Romanesque
• Gothic Revival architecture (revival of Gothic architecture)
  • Carpenter Gothic
  • Scots Baronial Style architecture
  • Neo-Manueline (revival of Manueline)
• Moorish Revival architecture (revival of Moorish architecture)
• Tudor Revival architecture (revival of Tudor Style architecture)
• Black-and-white Revival architecture

Schwerin Palace, historical ducal seat of Mecklenburg, Germany – an example of pompous renaissance revival for representation purposes (built in 1857)

Renaissance Revival

• Renaissance Revival architecture (revival of Renaissance architecture)
  • Italianate architecture
  • Palazzo style architecture – revival based on Italian Palazzo
  • Mediterranean Revival architecture (revival of Italian Renaissance architecture)
  • Palladian Revival architecture (revival of Palladian architecture)
  • Châteauesque (revival of French Renaissance architecture)
  • Spanish Revival architecture (revival of Spanish Renaissance architecture)
  • Jacobethan (revival of Jacobean architecture and Elizabethan architecture)

Opera, Paris (Palais Garnier) by Charles Garnier, 1861-1875

Baroque Revival

• Baroque Revival architecture (revival of Baroque architecture)
  • Dutch Revival architecture (revival of Dutch Baroque architecture)
  • Spanish Revival architecture (revival of Spanish Baroque architecture)
  • Edwardian Baroque architecture
  • Stalinist baroque
  • Queen Anne Revival architecture

Modern Revival

• Colonial Revival architecture (revival of American Colonial architecture)
• Pueblo Revival Style architecture (revival of Puebloan traditional architecture)
• Cape Cod Revival (revival of Cape Cod)
• Dutch Colonial Revival architecture (revival of Dutch Colonial architecture)
• Spanish Colonial Revival architecture (revival of Spanish Colonial architecture)
  • California Churrigueresque (revival of Churrigueresque and Mexican Baroque)
• Mission Revival Style architecture (revival of Architecture of the California Missions)
• Territorial Revival architecture (revival of Territorial architecture)

Other Revival

• Resort architecture (Bäderarchitektur, includes revival elements and adds new stylistic measures)
• Swiss chalet style

References

• Scott Trafton (2004), Egypt Land: Race and Nineteenth-Century American Egyptomania, Duke University Press, ISBN 0-8223-3362-7. p. 142.

External links

• Media related to Historicist architecture at Wikimedia Commons