List of mammals of Thailand

This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Thailand. There are 264 mammal species in Thailand, of which three are critically endangered, eleven are endangered, twenty-four are vulnerable, and two are near threatened. One of the species listed for Thailand is considered to be extinct.[1]

The Asian elephant, Elephas maximus, is the national animal of Thailand.

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:

EXExtinctNo reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.
EWExtinct in the wildKnown only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range.
CRCritically endangeredThe species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild.
ENEndangeredThe species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
VUVulnerableThe species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
NTNear threatenedThe species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future.
LCLeast concernThere are no current identifiable risks to the species.
DDData deficientThere is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.

Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories:

LR/cdLower risk/conservation dependentSpecies which were the focus of conservation programmes and may have moved into a higher risk category if that programme was discontinued.
LR/ntLower risk/near threatenedSpecies which are close to being classified as vulnerable but are not the subject of conservation programmes.
LR/lcLower risk/least concernSpecies for which there are no identifiable risks.

Subclass: Theria

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Proboscidea (elephants)

The elephants comprise three living species and are the largest living land animals.

Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)
Dugongs

Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered.

Order: Scandentia (treeshrews)
Common treeshrew

The treeshrews are small mammals native to the tropical forests of Southeast Asia. Although called treeshrews, they are not true shrews and are not all arboreal.

Order: Dermoptera (colugos)
Sunda flying lemur

The two species of colugos make up the order Dermoptera. They are arboreal gliding mammals found in Southeast Asia.

Order: Primates
Lar gibbon

The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids, monkeys, and apes.

Order: Rodentia (rodents)
Polynesian rat
Asiatic long-tailed climbing mouse

Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (99 lb).

Forest species include Rattus tiomanicus, Rattus andamanensis, Sundamys muelleri, Leopoldamys edwardsi, Leopoldamys sabanus, Niviventer fulvescens, and Maxomys surifer. Species commonly found in agricultural areas include Bandicota indica, Bandicota savilei, Rattus argentiventer, Rattus losea sakeratensis, Rattus nitidus, Rattus tanezumi, and Rattus tiomanicus. Niviventer hinpoon and Leopoldamys neilli are endangered species with fragmented geographical distributions that are restricted to limestone karst habitats.[2]

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

Order: Eulipotyphla (shrews, hedgehogs, gymnures, moles and solenodons)

Eulipotyphlans are insectivorous mammals. Shrews and solenodons resemble mice, hedgehogs carry spines, gymnures look more like large rats, while moles are stout-bodied burrowers.

Order: Chiroptera (bats)
Serotine bat
Megaderma lyra

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

Order: Pholidota (pangolins)
Sunda pangolin

The order Pholidota comprises the eight species of pangolin. Pangolins are anteaters and have the powerful claws, elongated snout and long tongue seen in the other unrelated anteater species.

Order: Cetacea (whales)
Bryde's whale off Phi Phi Islands
Spinner dolphins
Risso's dolphin

The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
Indochinese tiger
Indochinese leopard
Asian palm civet
Dhole
Back-striped weasel
European otter

There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)
Sumatran rhinoceros

The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
Sambar deer
Gaur

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

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See also

Notes
  1. This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.
  2. Latinne, Alice; Waengsothorn, Surachit; Rojanadilok, Prateep; Eiamampai, Krairat; Sribuarod, Kriangsak; Michaux, Johan R. (2013). "Diversity and endemism of Murinae rodents in Thai limestone karsts". Systematics and Biodiversity. 11 (3): 323–44. doi:10.1080/14772000.2013.818587.
  3. 2013. Trapped blue whale in Trang swims free
  4. ปลาวาฬหลังค่อม
  5. Breaking News: Killer Whale spotted off Phuket beach
  6. Rostro-García, S.; Kamler, J.F.; Ash, E.; Clements, G.R.; Gibson, L.; Lynam, A.J.; McEwing, R.; Naing, H.; Paglia, S. (2016). "Endangered leopards: Range collapse of the Indochinese leopard (Panthera pardus delacouri) in Southeast Asia". Biological Conservation. 201: 293–300. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2016.07.001.

References
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