Naked-rumped pouched bat

The naked-rumped pouched bat (Saccolaimus saccolaimus), also known as pouched tomb bat, is a species of sac-winged bat in the family Emballonuridae.

Naked-rumped pouched bat
Conservation status
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Chiroptera
Family:	Emballonuridae
Genus:	Saccolaimus
Species:	S. saccolaimus
Binomial name
Saccolaimus saccolaimus Temminck, 1838
Naked-rumped pouched bat range

It is found in Australia, Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and possibly Myanmar.

The animal is known as පැස් පිරි-වවුලා (paes piri wawulaa) in Sinhala.

Taxonomy

Described in 1838 by Coenraad Temminck. the author assigned the species to a new genus. The type location is in Indonesia.[2]

The uncertain diversity of related populations is represented by five subspecies,

• species Saccolaimus saccolaimus Temminck, 1838.
  • subspecies Saccolaimus saccolaimus saccolaimus
  • subspecies Saccolaimus saccolaimus affinis
  • subspecies Saccolaimus saccolaimus crassus
  • subspecies Saccolaimus saccolaimus nudicluniatus De Vis, 1905.[3]
  • subspecies Saccolaimus saccolaimus pluto

The form nudicluniatus described by De Vis in 1905,[3] a population found in Queensland, was recognised as Saccolaimus nudicluniatus.

Description

Head and body length is 8–9 cm. Forearm 7 cm. Wingspan 45 cm.

S. saccolaimus or T. saccolaimus (Payne et al., 1985) have dark-reddish brown or blackish brown upperparts which are irregularly marked with white patches.[4][5] Their underparts are usually white, but in one colour phase it can be dark brown.[4][5] They have no wing pouch or in other words, a poorly developed radio-metacarpal pouch.[4] They have a distinct glandular pouch on the throat.[4][5] The ear is short and broadly rounded with ribbing on the interior of the pinna with a short tragus which has a semicircular margin.[4] It has long and narrow wings with black skin and translucent whitish portions.[4] It is the largest species with the whitest wings.[5]

Distribution

India and Sri Lanka through South-East Asia to Borneo, Sumatra, Java and Timor (Indonesia); New Guinea; North-East Queensland (Australia); Guadalcanal island (Solomon Islands).[6] The species seems to have become absent in Australia.[7] Bat-detector observations suggest that the species is very common in western Java, whereas further in the east (e.g. Bali) it is less common and its relative Taphozous melanopogon dominates in dry and coastal areas.

Biology and ecology

This medium-sized bat roosts in hollow trees and rock crevices and sometimes houses in colonies varying from a few individuals to a few hundred.[5] Roosting bats maintain individual spacing. They are alert at the roost and scurry all over the roost substrate if disturbed.[4] Echolocation clicks produced by this bat in flight are audible. females give birth to a single young per litter.[4] Bat-detector observations have revealed this species to be common in cities, villages, above rice fields, other (wet) cultivated areas and forest edges and has been heard up to 2000m in mountainous areas. This species is not commonly heard hunting over continuous forest. It is one of the earliest species to emerge and can often be seen hunting together with swiftlets about 15–40 metres above the ground, estimated from frequent visual observations. The built of this species suggests it to be an open air forager. Individuals are usually seen hunting in wide circles over several hundred of metres. They have been seen feeding on termite swarms when available.

References

1. Csorba, G., Bumrungsri, S., Francis, C., Helgen, Bates, P., Heaney, L., Balete, D. & Thomson, B. (2008). Saccolaimus saccolaimus. In: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2.
2. Temminck, C.J. (1838). "Taphozoüs Saccolaimus". Tijdschrift voor natuurlijke geschiedenis en physiologie. 5: 14.
3. De Vis, C.W. (1905). "Bats". Annals of the Queensland Museum. 6: 36–40.
4. Bonaccorso, F.J. (1998). Bats of Papua New Guinea. Washington, D.C.: Conservation International. pp. 243–245 ISBN 1881173267.
5. Payne, J. & Francis, C.M. (1985). A Field Guide to the Mammals of Borneo. Sabah Society: Malaysia. p. 183 ISBN 9679994716.
6. Wilson, D. E. & Reeder, D. M. (1993). Mammals Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Second Edition. Smithsonian Institution Press: Washington and London. p. 159.
7. "Hill's Sheathtail Bat, Scientific name: Taphozous hilli". The Australian Museum. 2018-10-12. Retrieved 6 January 2019.

Further reading

• Murphy S. (2002) Observations of the 'Critically Endangered' bare-rumped sheathtail bat Saccolaimus saccolaimus Temminck (Chiroptera: Emballonuridae) on Cape York Peninsula, Queensland. Australian Mammalogy 23: 185–187.