ENTPD1

Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1 (gene: ENTPD1; protein: NTPDase1) also known as CD39 (Cluster of Differentiation 39), is a typical cell surface enzyme with a catalytic site on the extracellular face.[5][6][7]

ENTPD1
Identifiers
Aliases	ENTPD1, ATPDase, CD39, NTPDase-1, SPG64, ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1
External IDs	OMIM: 601752 MGI: 102805 HomoloGene: 20423 GeneCards: ENTPD1
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 10 (human)[1] Band 10q24.1 Start 95,711,779 bp[1] End 95,877,266 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 19 (mouse)[2] Band 19 C3|19 34.25 cM Start 40,612,366 bp[2] End 40,741,602 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • nucleotide binding • GO:0001948 protein binding • hydrolase activity • ATP binding • nucleoside-diphosphatase activity • nucleoside-triphosphatase activity • 8-oxo-dGTP phosphohydrolase activity • dATP phosphohydrolase activity • dCTP phosphohydrolase activity • dUTP phosphohydrolase activity • dTTP phosphohydrolase activity • GTP phosphohydrolase activity • dGTP phosphohydrolase activity Cellular component • integral component of membrane • integral component of plasma membrane • extracellular exosome • membrane • cell membrane Biological process • cell adhesion • blood coagulation • nucleobase-containing small molecule catabolic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	953	12495
Ensembl	ENSG00000138185	ENSMUSG00000048120
UniProt	P49961	P55772
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001098175 NM_001164178 NM_001164179 NM_001164181 NM_001164182 NM_001164183 NM_001312654 NM_001776 NM_001320916	NM_009848 NM_001304721
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001091645 NP_001157650 NP_001157651 NP_001157653 NP_001157654 NP_001157655 NP_001299583 NP_001307845 NP_001767	NP_001291650 NP_033978
Location (UCSC)	Chr 10: 95.71 – 95.88 Mb	Chr 19: 40.61 – 40.74 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Function

NTPDase1 is an ectonucleotidase that catalyse the hydrolysis of γ- and β-phosphate residues of triphospho- and diphosphonucleosides to the monophosphonucleoside derivative.[8][9] NTPDase1 hydrolyzes P2 receptor ligands, namely ATP, ADP, UTP and UDP with similar efficacy.[10] NTPDase1 can therefore effect P2 receptor activation and functions.[11]

Clinical significance

ATP causes a pro-inflammatory environment, whereas degradation of ATP into adenosine by the CD39/CD73 pathway leads to an anti-inflammatory environment.[12] CD39 converts ATP (or ADP) to adenosine monophosphate (AMP), which is converted into adenosine by CD73.[12][13] A substantial portion of the immune suppressive and anti-inflammatory activity of regulatory T cells (Tregs) is due to the adenosine produced by the CD39/CD73 pathway, insofar as Tregs express CD39 and CD73.[12] [13]

Adenosine produced by the CD39/CD73 pathway can protect against ischemia-reperfusion injury.[12] On the other hand, high expression and activity of CD39 and CD73 on cancer cells can prevent the immune system from inhibiting the progression of cancer.[12]

See also

• Cluster of differentiation

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000138185 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000048120 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. "Entrez Gene: ENTPD1 Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1".
6. Sévigny J, Levesque FP, Grondin G, Beaudoin AR (Feb 1997). "Purification of the blood vessel ATP diphosphohydrolase, identification and localisation by immunological techniques". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects. 1334 (1): 73–88. doi:10.1016/s0304-4165(96)00079-7. PMID 9042368.
7. Kaczmarek E, Koziak K, Sévigny J, Siegel JB, Anrather J, Beaudoin AR, Bach FH, Robson SC (Dec 1996). "Identification and characterization of CD39/vascular ATP diphosphohydrolase". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (51): 33116–22. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.51.33116. PMID 8955160.
8. Robson SC, Sévigny J, Zimmermann H (Jun 2006). "The E-NTPDase family of ectonucleotidases: Structure function relationships and pathophysiological significance". Purinergic Signalling. 2 (2): 409–30. doi:10.1007/s11302-006-9003-5. PMC 2254478. PMID 18404480.
9. Yegutkin GG (May 2008). "Nucleotide- and nucleoside-converting ectoenzymes: Important modulators of purinergic signalling cascade". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research. 1783 (5): 673–94. doi:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2008.01.024. PMID 18302942.
10. Kukulski F, Lévesque SA, Lavoie EG, Lecka J, Bigonnesse F, Knowles AF, Robson SC, Kirley TL, Sévigny J (Jun 2005). "Comparative hydrolysis of P2 receptor agonists by NTPDases 1, 2, 3 and 8". Purinergic Signalling. 1 (2): 193–204. doi:10.1007/s11302-005-6217-x. PMC 2096530. PMID 18404504.
11. Kukulski F, Lévesque SA, Sévigny J (2011-01-01). "Impact of ectoenzymes on p2 and p1 receptor signaling". Pharmacology of Purine and Pyrimidine Receptors. Advances in Pharmacology. 61. pp. 263–99. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-385526-8.00009-6. ISBN 9780123855268. PMID 21586362.
12. Antonioli L, Pacher P, Vizi ES, Haskó G (2013). "CD39 and CD73 in immunity and inflammation". TRENDS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE. 19 (6): 355–367. doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2013.03.005. PMC 3674206. PMID 23601906.
13. Sepúlveda C, Palomo I, Fuentes E (2016). "Role of adenosine A2b receptor overexpression in tumor progression". Life Sciences (journal). 166: 92–99. doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2016.10.008. PMID 27729268.

Further reading

• Maliszewski CR, Delespesse GJ, Schoenborn MA, Armitage RJ, Fanslow WC, Nakajima T, Baker E, Sutherland GR, Poindexter K, Birks C (Oct 1994). "The CD39 lymphoid cell activation antigen. Molecular cloning and structural characterization". Journal of Immunology. 153 (8): 3574–83. PMID 7930580.
• Christoforidis S, Papamarcaki T, Galaris D, Kellner R, Tsolas O (Nov 1995). "Purification and properties of human placental ATP diphosphohydrolase". European Journal of Biochemistry / FEBS. 234 (1): 66–74. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1995.066_c.x. PMID 8529670.
• Wang TF, Guidotti G (Apr 1996). "CD39 is an ecto-(Ca2+,Mg2+)-apyrase". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (17): 9898–901. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.17.9898. PMID 8626624.
• Kaczmarek E, Koziak K, Sévigny J, Siegel JB, Anrather J, Beaudoin AR, Bach FH, Robson SC (Dec 1996). "Identification and characterization of CD39/vascular ATP diphosphohydrolase". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (51): 33116–22. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.51.33116. PMID 8955160.
• Robson SC, Kaczmarek E, Siegel JB, Candinas D, Koziak K, Millan M, Hancock WW, Bach FH (Jan 1997). "Loss of ATP diphosphohydrolase activity with endothelial cell activation". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 185 (1): 153–63. doi:10.1084/jem.185.1.153. PMC 2196106. PMID 8996251.
• Gray IC, Fallowfield J, Ford S, Nobile C, Volpi EV, Spurr NK (Jul 1997). "An integrated physical and genetic map spanning chromosome band 10q24". Genomics. 43 (1): 85–8. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.4809. PMID 9226376.
• Makita K, Shimoyama T, Sakurai Y, Yagi H, Matsumoto M, Narita N, Sakamoto Y, Saito S, Ikeda Y, Suzuki M, Titani K, Fujimura Y (Oct 1998). "Placental ecto-ATP diphosphohydrolase: its structural feature distinct from CD39, localization and inhibition on shear-induced platelet aggregation". International Journal of Hematology. 68 (3): 297–310. doi:10.1016/S0925-5710(98)00080-2. PMID 9846014.
• Matsumoto M, Sakurai Y, Kokubo T, Yagi H, Makita K, Matsui T, Titani K, Fujimura Y, Narita N (Jun 1999). "The cDNA cloning of human placental ecto-ATP diphosphohydrolases I and II". FEBS Letters. 453 (3): 335–40. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(99)00751-6. PMID 10405171.
• Kittel A, Kaczmarek E, Sevigny J, Lengyel K, Csizmadia E, Robson SC (Sep 1999). "CD39 as a caveolar-associated ectonucleotidase". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 262 (3): 596–9. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1999.1254. PMID 10471369.
• Koziak K, Kaczmarek E, Kittel A, Sévigny J, Blusztajn JK, Schulte Am Esch J, Imai M, Guckelberger O, Goepfert C, Qawi I, Robson SC (Jan 2000). "Palmitoylation targets CD39/endothelial ATP diphosphohydrolase to caveolae". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (3): 2057–62. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.3.2057. PMID 10636909.
• Dias Neto E, Correa RG, Verjovski-Almeida S, Briones MR, Nagai MA, da Silva W, Zago MA, Bordin S, Costa FF, Goldman GH, Carvalho AF, Matsukuma A, Baia GS, Simpson DH, Brunstein A, de Oliveira PS, Bucher P, Jongeneel CV, O'Hare MJ, Soares F, Brentani RR, Reis LF, de Souza SJ, Simpson AJ (Mar 2000). "Shotgun sequencing of the human transcriptome with ORF expressed sequence tags". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 97 (7): 3491–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.97.7.3491. PMC 16267. PMID 10737800.
• Goepfert C, Imai M, Brouard S, Csizmadia E, Kaczmarek E, Robson SC (Jul 2000). "CD39 modulates endothelial cell activation and apoptosis". Molecular Medicine. 6 (7): 591–603. doi:10.1007/BF03401797. PMC 1949966. PMID 10997340.
• Kittel A, Garrido M, Varga G (Apr 2002). "Localization of NTPDase1/CD39 in normal and transformed human pancreas". The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry. 50 (4): 549–56. doi:10.1177/002215540205000412. PMID 11897808.
• Kaneider NC, Egger P, Dunzendorfer S, Noris P, Balduini CL, Gritti D, Ricevuti G, Wiedermann CJ (Jun 2002). "Reversal of thrombin-induced deactivation of CD39/ATPDase in endothelial cells by HMG-CoA reductase inhibition: effects on Rho-GTPase and adenosine nucleotide metabolism". Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 22 (6): 894–900. doi:10.1161/01.ATV.0000018305.95943.F7. PMID 12067895.
• Drosopoulos JH (Oct 2002). "Roles of Asp54 and Asp213 in Ca2+ utilization by soluble human CD39/ecto-nucleotidase". Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 406 (1): 85–95. doi:10.1016/S0003-9861(02)00414-9. PMID 12234494.
• Krötz F, Sohn HY, Keller M, Gloe T, Bolz SS, Becker BF, Pohl U (Dec 2002). "Depolarization of endothelial cells enhances platelet aggregation through oxidative inactivation of endothelial NTPDase". Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 22 (12): 2003–9. doi:10.1161/01.ATV.0000043454.08172.51. PMID 12482826.
• Rossatto ER, da Silva LB, Pereira GS, Bonan CD, Battastini AM, Ribeiro JP, Sarkis JJ (Feb 2003). "ATP diphosphohydrolase in human platelets from patients with coronary arteries heart disease". Platelets. 14 (1): 47–52. doi:10.1080/0953710021000062923. PMID 12623446.
• Sørensen CE, Amstrup J, Rasmussen HN, Ankorina-Stark I, Novak I (Sep 2003). "Rat pancreas secretes particulate ecto-nucleotidase CD39". The Journal of Physiology. 551 (Pt 3): 881–92. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2003.049411. PMC 2343304. PMID 12832497.
• Sévigny J, Sundberg C, Braun N, Guckelberger O, Csizmadia E, Qawi I, Imai M, Zimmermann H, Robson SC (Apr 2002). "Differential catalytic properties and vascular topography of murine nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (NTPDase1) and NTPDase2 have implications for thromboregulation". Blood. 99 (8): 2801–9. doi:10.1182/blood.v99.8.2801. PMID 11929769.

External links

• ENTPD1+protein,+human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)