1992 in spaceflight
The following is an outline of 1992 in spaceflight.
Richard Hieb, Thomas Akers, and Pierre J. Thuot undertake the first-ever three-person EVA to repair the Intelsat 603 spacecraft during STS-49, the maiden flight of the Space Shuttle Endeavour. | |
Orbital launches | |
---|---|
First | 21 January |
Last | 29 December |
Total | 98 |
Successes | 94 |
Failures | 2 |
Partial failures | 2 |
National firsts | |
Orbital launch | |
Space traveller | |
Rockets | |
Maiden flights | Atlas IIA Space Shuttle Endeavour |
Retirements | Commercial Titan III Delta II 6920 Delta II 6925 H-I |
Crewed flights | |
Orbital | 10 |
Total travellers | 59 |
Launches
Date and time (UTC) | Rocket | Flight number | Launch site | LSP | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Payload (⚀ = CubeSat) |
Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome | ||
Remarks | |||||||
January | |||||||
11 January 03:40 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Astronomy | 11 January | Successful | |||
Apogee: 248 kilometres (154 mi) | |||||||
17 January | |||||||
US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 17 January | Successful | |||
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi) | |||||||
21 January 15:00 |
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VKS | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 20 March | Successful | |||
First Russian (post Soviet) satellite launch | |||||||
22 January 14:52:33 |
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NASA | Low Earth | Microgravity | 30 January 16:07:17 | Successful | |||
ESA/NASA | Low Earth (Discovery) | Spacelab IML-1 | |||||
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts | |||||||
23 January 19:19 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Plasma | 23 January | Successful | |||
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) | |||||||
24 January 01:18:01 |
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VKS | Molniya | Missile defence | 17 January 2012 | Successful | |||
25 January 07:50:17 |
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Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Logistics | 13 March | Successful | |||
28 January 12:00 |
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ISAS | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 28 January | Successful | |||
Apogee: 223 kilometres (139 mi) | |||||||
29 January 22:19:12 |
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VKS | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
VKS | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
VKS | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
31 January 11:55 |
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NASA/Boulder | Suborbital | X-ray astronomy | 31 January | Successful | |||
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) | |||||||
February | |||||||
1 February 16:00 |
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ISAS | Suborbital | Infrared astronomy | 1 February | Successful | |||
Apogee: 338 kilometres (210 mi) | |||||||
5 February | |||||||
MO RF | Intended: Low Earth | ELINT | 5 February | Launch failure | |||
Second stage overheated, causing malfunction | |||||||
11 February 00:41:02 |
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US Air Force | Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
11 February 01:50 |
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NASDA | Sun-synchronous | Earth observation | 3 December 2001 | Successful | |||
Final flight of H-I | |||||||
17 February 22:05:08 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
18 February | |||||||
SDIO | Suborbital | Technology | 18 February | Successful | |||
Apogee: 320 kilometres (200 mi) | |||||||
22 February 03:15 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Astronomy | 22 February | Successful | |||
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) | |||||||
22 February | |||||||
US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 22 February | Successful | |||
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
22 February | |||||||
US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 22 February | Successful | |||
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
22 February | |||||||
US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 22 February | Successful | |||
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
22 February | |||||||
US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 22 February | Successful | |||
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
23 February 22:29 |
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US Air Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | |||
26 February 23:58:10 |
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SCC | Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
ARABSAT | Current: Graveyard Operational: Geostationary |
Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
Arabsat sold to ISRO in November 1997 and operated until October 2004 as INSAT-2DT | |||||||
March | |||||||
3 March 13:57:30 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Plasma | 3 March | Successful | |||
Apogee: 295 kilometres (183 mi) | |||||||
3 March 14:06:48 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Plasma | 3 March | Successful | |||
Apogee: 289 kilometres (180 mi) | |||||||
3 March 14:57 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Plasma | 3 March | Successful | |||
Apogee: 270 kilometres (170 mi) | |||||||
4 March 04:27 |
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MOM | Molniya | Communications | 1 July 2007 | Successful | |||
4 March | |||||||
US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 4 March | Successful | |||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
6 March 13:57:30 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Plasma | 6 March | Successful | |||
Apogee: 270 kilometres (170 mi) | |||||||
9 March 22:35:59 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
12 March 22:42 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 12 March | Successful | |||
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi) | |||||||
13 March 18:15 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Target | 13 March | Successful | |||
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) | |||||||
13 March 18:36:27 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Interceptor | 13 March | Partial failure | |||
Final flight of ERIS; missed target due to programming issue caused by test conditions, enough data collected to proceed with operagional programme. Apogee: 290 kilometres (180 mi) | |||||||
14 March 00:00 |
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Hughes | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
15 March 22:46 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 15 March | Successful | |||
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi) | |||||||
17 March 10:54:30 |
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Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Mir EO-11 | 10 August | Successful | |||
Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts; First crewed Russian (post-Soviet) launch | |||||||
18 March | |||||||
ASI | Suborbital | Test flight | 18 March | Launch failure | |||
19 March 16:05 |
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CSA | Suborbital | Microgravity | 19 March | Successful | |||
Apogee: 226 kilometres (140 mi) | |||||||
19 March 16:10 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Airglow | 19 March | Successful | |||
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) | |||||||
24 March 13:13:39 |
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NASA | Low Earth | Microgravity | 2 April | Successful | |||
NASA | Low Earth (Atlantis) | Spacelab ATLAS-1 | |||||
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts including the first Belgian in space | |||||||
29 March 07:27 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Ionosphere | 29 March | Successful | |||
Apogee: 267 kilometres (166 mi) | |||||||
29 March 08:07:45 |
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Orbital Sciences | Suborbital | Infrared astronomy | 29 March | Successful | |||
Apogee: 400 kilometres (250 mi) | |||||||
April | |||||||
1 April 14:18 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 30 May | Successful | |||
2 April 01:50 |
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YeSSS | Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
8 April 12:20 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 16 February 1993 | Successful | |||
8 April | |||||||
US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 8 April | Successful | |||
Follow-on Commander's Evaluation Test 40; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
8 April | |||||||
US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 8 April | Successful | |||
Follow-on Commander's Evaluation Test 40; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
9 April 10:40 |
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SSC | Suborbital | Microgravity | 9 April | Successful | |||
Apogee: 317 kilometres (197 mi) | |||||||
10 April 03:20 |
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US Air Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
15 April 07:17:43 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
15 April 09:09 |
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Orbital Sciences | Suborbital | Target | 15 April | Successful | |||
Apogee: 450 kilometres (280 mi) | |||||||
15 April 23:25:27 |
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Inmarsat | Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
France Télécom | Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
19 April 21:29:25 |
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Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Logistics | 27 June | Successful | |||
25 April 08:53 |
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NRO | Low Earth (Polar) | ELINT | In orbit | Operational | |||
29 April 09:00 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | Remote sensing | 29 May | Successful | |||
29 April 10:10 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 11 June | Successful | |||
29 April | |||||||
CALT | Suborbital | Test flight | 29 April | Launch failure | |||
May | |||||||
5 May | |||||||
US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 5 May | Successful | |||
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) | |||||||
5 May | |||||||
DRDO | Suborbital | Test flight | 5 May | Successful | |||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
7 May 23:40 |
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NASA | Low Earth | Satellite reboost | 16 May | Successful | |||
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts; Maiden flight of Space Shuttle Endeavour; reboosted Intelsat 603 | |||||||
12 May 14:26 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Solar | 12 May | Successful | |||
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) | |||||||
14 May 00:40 |
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Telkom | Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
20 May 00:30 |
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ISRO | Low Earth | Magnetosphere | 14 July | Partial failure | |||
Placed into incorrect orbit due to fifth stage spin-up failure | |||||||
23 May 00:00 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 23 May | Successful | |||
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi) | |||||||
24 May | |||||||
SDIO | Suborbital | Target | 24 May | Successful | |||
Apogee: 290 kilometres (180 mi) | |||||||
25 May 23:52 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Plasma | 25 May | Successful | |||
Apogee: 270 kilometres (170 mi) | |||||||
27 May 12:27 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 27 May | Successful | |||
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi) | |||||||
28 May 19:09:59 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 24 July | Successful | |||
28 May | |||||||
DRDO | Suborbital | Test flight | 28 May | Failure | |||
30 May 08:11 |
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NASA/NRL | Suborbital | Plasma | 30 May | Successful | |||
Apogee: 308 kilometres (191 mi) | |||||||
May | |||||||
CALT | Suborbital | Test flight | L+1 hour | Failure | |||
June | |||||||
1 June 02:52 |
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INPE | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 1 June | Successful | |||
Apogee: 282 kilometres (175 mi) | |||||||
2 June | |||||||
US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 2 June | Successful | |||
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) | |||||||
3 June 00:50:30 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
MO RF | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
MO RF | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
MO RF | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
MO RF | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
MO RF | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
MO RF | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
MO RF | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
6 June 08:37:31 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Plasma | 6 June | Successful | |||
Apogee: 370 kilometres (230 mi) | |||||||
7 June 16:40 |
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NASA | Low Earth | Ultraviolet astronomy | 31 January 2002 | Successful | |||
Final flight of Delta II 6920 | |||||||
9 June 05:32 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Plasma | 9 June | Successful | |||
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) | |||||||
10 June 00:00 |
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Intelsat | Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
Maiden flight of Atlas IIA | |||||||
16 June | |||||||
US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 16 June | Failure | |||
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi) | |||||||
18 June | |||||||
US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 18 June | Successful | |||
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
18 June | |||||||
US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 18 June | Successful | |||
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
18 June | |||||||
US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 18 June | Successful | |||
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
18 June | |||||||
US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 18 June | Successful | |||
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
19 June 11:01 |
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SDIO | Suborbital | Technology | 19 June | Successful | |||
Apogee: 330 kilometres (210 mi) | |||||||
23 June 00:24 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Ionosphere | 23 June | Successful | |||
Apogee: 250 kilometres (160 mi) | |||||||
23 June 08:00 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | Remote sensing | 9 July | Successful | |||
25 June 16:12:22 |
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NASA | Low Earth | Microgravity | 9 July | Successful | |||
NASA | Low Earth (Columbia) | Spacelab USML-1 | |||||
NASA | Low Earth (Columbia) | Cryogenic mission extension pallet | |||||
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts; Maiden flight of EDO Pallet | |||||||
30 June 16:43:13 |
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Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Logistics | 24 July | Successful | |||
June | |||||||
KPA | Suborbital | Test flight | L+1 hour | Failure | |||
July | |||||||
1 July 02:20 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 1 July | Successful | |||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
1 July 20:16:22 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
2 July 09:01:15 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Plasma | 2 July | Successful | |||
Apogee: 250 kilometres (160 mi) | |||||||
2 July 21:54:01 |
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US Air Force | Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
3 July 14:19 |
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NASA | Low Earth | Solar | 13 November 2012 | Successful | |||
3 July | |||||||
ISRO | Suborbital | Ionosphere | 3 July | Successful | |||
Apogee: 320 kilometres (200 mi) | |||||||
4 July 08:58 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Plasma | 4 July | Successful | |||
Apogee: 250 kilometres (160 mi) | |||||||
7 July 09:20:01 |
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US Air Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | |||
8 July 09:53:14 |
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MO RF | Molniya | Missile defence | In orbit | Successful | |||
9 July 22:42:19 |
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ISRO | Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
Eutelsat | Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
Eutelsat retired in 2003 | |||||||
12 July 09:02 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Plasma | 12 July | Successful | |||
Apogee: 252 kilometres (157 mi) | |||||||
13 July 17:41:40 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
MO RF | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
Roskosmos | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
MO RF | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
Roskosmos | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
MO RF | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
14 July 22:02 |
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YeSSS | Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
24 July 13:36 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Plasma | 24 July | Successful | |||
Apogee: 340 kilometres (210 mi) | |||||||
24 July 14:26 |
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ISAS/NASA | High Earth | Magnetosphere | In orbit | Operational | |||
NASA/California | Low Earth | Ultraviolet astronomy | 16 March 2003 | Successful | |||
Final flight of Delta II 6000-series | |||||||
24 July 19:40 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 22 September | Successful | |||
27 July 06:08:42 |
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Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Mir EO-12 | 1 February 1993 | Successful | |||
Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts | |||||||
28 July | |||||||
RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | 28 July | Successful | |||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
29 July | |||||||
US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 29 July | Successful | |||
Demonstration and Shakedown Operation 9; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
30 July 01:59:01 |
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VKS | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
VKS | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
VKS | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
30 July 11:00 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 13 August | Successful | |||
31 July 13:56:48 |
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NASA | Low Earth | Satellite deployment | 8 August | Successful | |||
ASI | Low Earth (Atlantis) | Technology | Failure | ||||
ESA | Low Earth | Microgravity/Solar | 1 July 1993 | Successful | |||
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts including the first Swiss and Italian in space TSS tether jammed during deployment; EURECA returned to Earth by Space Shuttle Endeavour during STS-57 | |||||||
July | |||||||
Syrian Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | L+1 hour | Successful | |||
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi) | |||||||
July | |||||||
Syrian Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | L+1 hour | Successful | |||
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi) | |||||||
August | |||||||
4 August | |||||||
US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 4 August | Successful | |||
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
4 August | |||||||
US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 4 August | Successful | |||
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
4 August | |||||||
US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 4 August | Successful | |||
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
4 August | |||||||
US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 4 August | Successful | |||
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
6 August 19:30:59 |
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MOM | Molniya | Communications | 4 April 2008 | Successful | |||
9 August 08:00 |
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CASC | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 1 September | Successful | |||
10 August 23:08:07 |
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CNES/NASA | Low Earth | Oceanography | In orbit | Successful | |||
CNES | Low Earth | Technology | In orbit | Successful | |||
KAIST | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
TOPEX/Poseidon mission ended in October 2005 and was deactivated on 18 January 2006. | |||||||
12 August 05:44:01 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
13 August 23:00 |
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Optus | Current: Graveyard Operational: Geostationary |
Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
Retired and moved to graveyard orbit in May 2008 | |||||||
15 August 22:18:32 |
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Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Logistics | 21 October | Successful | |||
18 August | |||||||
DRDO | Suborbital | Test flight | 18 August | Successful | |||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
19 August 10:20 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | Remote sensing | 4 September | Successful | |||
MOM | Low Earth | Remote sensing | 25 September | Successful | |||
MOM | Low Earth | Remote sensing | 24 September | Successful | |||
19 August 23:30 |
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NASDA | Suborbital | Microgravity | 19 August | Successful | |||
Apogee: 290 kilometres (180 mi) | |||||||
21 August 17:46 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 21 August | Successful | |||
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi) | |||||||
22 August 22:40 |
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Hughes | Intended: Geosynchronous | Communications | 22 August | Launch failure | |||
Upper stage turbopump failed to start, destroyed by range safety | |||||||
24 August 16:30 |
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NASA/NRL | Suborbital | Solar | 24 August | Successful | |||
Apogee: 249 kilometres (155 mi) | |||||||
26 August 15:10 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 26 August | Successful | |||
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi) | |||||||
27 August 18:30 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Test flight | 27 August | Successful | |||
Apogee: 198 kilometres (123 mi) | |||||||
31 August 10:41 |
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GE Americom | Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
September | |||||||
1 September 01:00 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 1 September | Successful | |||
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi) | |||||||
3 September | |||||||
US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 3 September | Successful | |||
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
3 September | |||||||
US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 3 September | Successful | |||
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
3 September | |||||||
US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 3 September | Successful | |||
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
3 September | |||||||
US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 3 September | Successful | |||
Commander's Evaluation Test; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
9 September 08:57 |
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US Air Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | |||
10 September 14:30 |
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Huntsville | Suborbital | Microgravity | 10 September | Failure | |||
Apogee: 235 kilometres (146 mi) | |||||||
10 September 18:01:18 |
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MO RF | Geostationary | Missile defence | In orbit | Operational | |||
10 September 23:04 |
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Hispasat | Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
GE Americom | Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
Hispasat retired in 2003 | |||||||
12 September 14:23 |
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NASA | Low Earth | Microgravity | 20 September | Successful | |||
NASDA/NASA | Low Earth (Endeavour) | Spacelab-J | |||||
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts; 50th mission of the Space Shuttle programme | |||||||
16 September 03:15 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 16 September | Successful | |||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
22 September 16:10 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 20 November | Successful | |||
25 September 17:05:01 |
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NASA | Intended: Areocentric Achieved: Heliocentric |
Mars orbiter | Unknown | Partial failure | |||
Final flight of Commercial Titan III; Maiden flight of TOS Contact lost three days before orbit insertion. It is unclear whether the spacecraft entered Aerocentric orbit, remained in Heliocentric orbit, or exploded. | |||||||
28 September | |||||||
US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 28 September | Successful | |||
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) | |||||||
October | |||||||
6 October 06:20:05 |
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CASC | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 13 October | Successful | |||
SSC | Low Earth | Magnetosphere | In orbit | Successful | |||
Freja mission ended 30 June 1995 and last contact made on 14 October 1996 | |||||||
8 October 19:00 |
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Roskosmos | Low Earth | Microgravity | 24 October | Successful | |||
12 October 09:47 |
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Bundespost | Current: Graveyard Operational: Geostationary |
Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
Retired in February 2003 | |||||||
14 October 19:58 |
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MOM | Molniya | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
16 October | |||||||
SDIO | Suborbital | Reentry test | 16 October | Failure | |||
Maiden flight of Castor-Orbus; Apogee: 500 kilometres (310 mi) | |||||||
19 October | |||||||
US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 19 October | Successful | |||
Demonstration and Shakedown Operation 10; Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
20 October 12:58:12 |
|||||||
MO RF | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
MO RF | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
MO RF | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
MO RF | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
MO RF | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
MO RF | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
21 October 10:21:22 |
|||||||
MO RF | Molniya | Missile defence | 6 November 2010 04:22[2] | Successful | |||
22 October 17:09:40 |
|||||||
NASA | Low Earth | USMP-1 | 1 November | Successful | |||
CSA | Low Earth (Columbia) | Microgravity | |||||
ASI | Medium Earth | Geodesy | In orbit | Operational | |||
Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts | |||||||
22 October | |||||||
SDIO | Suborbital | Target | 22 October | Failure | |||
Apogee: 20 kilometres (12 mi) | |||||||
25 October 01:06 |
|||||||
US Air Force | Suborbital | Target | 25 October | Failure | |||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
27 October 17:19:41 |
|||||||
Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Logistics | 7 February 1993 | Successful | |||
Roskosmos | Low Earth | Ionosphere | 1 April 1993 | Successful | |||
Roskosmos | Low Earth | Solar mirror | 5 February 1993 | Successful | |||
Mak-2 deployed from Mir on 20 November 1992; Znamya deployed from Progress on 4 February 1993 | |||||||
27 October 18:30 |
|||||||
NASA | Suborbital | Ultraviolet astronomy | 27 October | Successful | |||
Apogee: 298 kilometres (185 mi) | |||||||
28 October 00:15 |
|||||||
Hughes | Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft failure | |||
Major spacecraft malfunction November 2000 | |||||||
29 October 10:40:33 |
|||||||
MO RF | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
30 October 14:59 |
|||||||
MOM | Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
November | |||||||
4 November 02:00 |
|||||||
US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 4 November | Failure | |||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
8 November 10:25 |
|||||||
ESA | Suborbital | Microgravity | 8 November | Successful | |||
Apogee: 717 kilometres (446 mi) | |||||||
10 November | |||||||
US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 10 November | Successful | |||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
10 November | |||||||
US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 10 November | Successful | |||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
10 November | |||||||
US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 10 November | Successful | |||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
10 November | |||||||
US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 10 November | Successful | |||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
15 November 21:45:01 |
|||||||
MOM | Low Earth | Remote sensing | 22 November | Successful | |||
17 November 07:47 |
|||||||
MO RF | Low Earth | ELINT | In orbit | Operational | |||
20 November 15:29:59 |
|||||||
MO RF | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 18 January 1993 | Successful | |||
21 November 13:45 |
|||||||
US Air Force/SDIO | Sun-synchronous | Technology | 18 July 1993 | Successful | |||
22 November 09:22 |
|||||||
DLR | Suborbital | Microgravity | 22 November | Successful | |||
Apogee: 230 kilometres (140 mi) | |||||||
22 November 23:54 |
|||||||
US Air Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
24 November 04:09:59 |
|||||||
MO RF | Low Earth | ELINT | In orbit | Successful | |||
25 November 12:18:54 |
|||||||
MO RF | Molniya | Missile defence | In orbit | Successful | |||
27 November 13:10 |
|||||||
YeSSS | Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
28 November 21:34 |
|||||||
NRO | Sun-synchronous | Reconnaissance | 5 June 2000 | Successful | |||
December | |||||||
1 December 22:48 |
|||||||
SCC | Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
1 December | |||||||
RVSN | Suborbital | Test flight | 1 December | Failure | |||
2 December 01:57 |
|||||||
MOM | Molniya | Communications | 8 November 2008 | Successful | |||
2 December 13:24 |
|||||||
NASA | Low Earth | Satellite deployment | 9 December | Successful | |||
NRO | Molniya | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
NASA | Low Earth | Calibration | 9 December | Failure | |||
NASA | Low Earth | Calibration | |||||
NASA | Low Earth | Calibration | |||||
NASA | Low Earth | Calibration | |||||
NASA | Low Earth | Calibration | |||||
NASA | Low Earth | Calibration | |||||
Crewed orbital flight with five astronauts; ODERACS deployment cancelled and reflown on STS-60 | |||||||
6 December 16:00 |
|||||||
NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 6 December | Successful | |||
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi) | |||||||
9 December 00:00 |
|||||||
RVSN | Suborbital | Technology | 9 December | Successful | |||
Apogee: 500 kilometres (310 mi) | |||||||
9 December 11:25 |
|||||||
MO RF | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 16 December 1993 | Successful | |||
9 December | |||||||
MATRA | Suborbital | Imaging | 9 December | Successful | |||
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi) | |||||||
11 December 22:45 |
|||||||
NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 11 December | Successful | |||
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi) | |||||||
15 December 03:00 |
|||||||
NASA/JHU | Suborbital | Ultraviolet astronomy | 15 December | Successful | |||
Apogee: 302 kilometres (188 mi) | |||||||
17 December 12:45 |
|||||||
MO RF | Geosynchronous | Missile defence | In orbit | Operational | |||
18 December 22:16 |
|||||||
US Air Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
21 December 11:21 |
|||||||
Optus | Intended: Geosynchronous Achieved: Low Earth |
Communications | 29 June 1995 | Launch Partial Failure | |||
Payload fairing collapsed during ascent; rocket continued to orbit deploying remains of payload and upper stage into low earth orbit | |||||||
22 December 12:00 |
|||||||
MO RF | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 18 February 1993 | Successful | |||
22 December 12:36 |
|||||||
MO RF | Low Earth | Geodesy | In orbit | Successful | |||
25 December 05:56 |
|||||||
MO RF | Low Earth | ELINT | In orbit | Successful | |||
25 December 20:07:59 |
|||||||
MO RF | Low Earth | ELINT | In orbit | Successful | |||
29 December 13:30:01 |
|||||||
Roskosmos | Low Earth | Biological | 10 January 1993 | Successful | |||
Deep Space Rendezvous
Date (GMT) | Spacecraft | Event | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|
8 February | Ulysses | 1st flyby of Jupiter | Gravity assist, inclination change |
15 February | Hiten | Selenocentric orbit injection | |
14 July | Giotto | Flyby of 26P/Grigg-Skjellerup | Closest approach: 200 kilometres (120 mi) |
8 October | Pioneer Venus Orbiter | Deliberately deorbited into the Venerian atmosphere | |
8 December | Galileo | 2nd flyby of the Earth | Gravity assist; Closest approach: 305 kilometres (190 mi) |
EVAs
Start Date/Time | Duration | End Time | Spacecraft | Crew | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
20 February 20:09 |
4 hours 12 minutes |
21 February 00:21 |
Mir EO-10 Kvant-2 |
Performed maintenance activities on the outside of Mir, including cleaning camera lenses. Volkov had problems with the cooling system on his Orlan space suit, and was limited in his mobility. | |
10 May 20:40 |
3 hours 43 minutes |
11 May 00:23 |
STS-49 Endeavour |
Thuot attempted to capture the Intelsat VI satellite using a capture bar while Hieb stood by to assist with placement in the payload bay. After multiple attempts to catch Intelsat VI, the spacewalkers returned to the airlock to consider the failed attempts.[3] | |
11 May 21:05 |
5 hours 30 minutes |
12 May 02:35 |
STS-49 Endeavour |
Thuot tried five more times to capture Intelsat VI while Hieb stood by to assist. Once again Thuot was unable to engage the capture bar to the satellite.[3] | |
13 May 21:17 |
8 hours 29 minutes |
14 May 05:46 |
STS-49 Endeavour |
Thuot, Hieb and Akers captured Intelsat VI with their hands. The trio then pulled the satellite into the payload bay, added a new perigee kick motor, and launched the satellite away from Endeavour. This spacewalk was the first three-person spacewalk in history. The three spacewalkers also set a new record for elapsed spacewalk time.[3] | |
14 May ~21:00 |
7 hours 44 minutes |
15 May ~04:45 |
STS-49 Endeavour |
Tested space station assembly techniques on an experimental structure, the Assembly of Station by Extravehicular Activity Methods (ASEM). | |
8 July 12:38 |
2 hours 3 minutes |
14:41 | Mir EO-11 Kvant-2 |
Inspected several gyrodynes, located on the Kvant-2 module, near the airlock to provide data needed to prepare for the planned repair and replacement work of the gyrodynes. | |
3 September 13:32 |
3 hours 56 minutes |
17:28 | Mir EO-12 Kvant-2 |
Moved the VDU thruster unit to its position and prepared the Sofora girder for installation of the VDU. | |
7 September 11:47 |
5 hours 8 minutes |
16:55 | Mir EO-12 Kvant-2 |
Installed the electrical and control cables needed by the VDU thruster for operation on the Sofora truss and recovered the Russian flag installed on the Sofora truss the year before. | |
11 September 10:06 |
5 hours 44 minutes |
15:50 | Mir EO-12 Kvant-2 |
Completed install of the VDU thruster on Sofora truss, and moved the truss into its extended position. | |
15 September 07:49 |
3 hours 33 minutes |
11:22 | Mir EO-12 Kvant-2 |
Collected samples of a solar array and relocated the Kurs docking antenna on the Kristall module in preparation of the arrival of Soyuz TM-16. |
gollark: Oh, several TENS of millions, silly me.
gollark: `is-number` is basically a package with several million weekly downloads with about five lines of code which test if a value is a number.
gollark: My main issue with it is:- JS is a wildly unsafe language (in different ways to C, at least) although TS partly fixes this. *Partly*- Hundreds of dependencies needed to do much. I recently interacted with someone on the internet who said this was a *good* thing, and talked about `is-number` being useful. They may be nsane.
gollark: Callbacks have been *mostly* obsoleted by promises, fortunately.
gollark: See, I avoid the hassle of PHP by writing web applications in Node.js, which has fun exciting things like asynchronousness with something like three different ways to write it (events, callbacks, promises, arguably generators), and 1000 dependencies per project.
References
Generic references:
Spaceflight portal
- Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
- Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
- Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.
- Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
- Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report".
- McDowell, Jonathan. "Jonathan's Space Report".
- Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
- Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
- Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
- Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
- "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
- "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
- "Space Calendar". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
- "Space Information Center". JAXA.
- "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).
Footnotes
- NASA (23 November 2007). "NASA – STS-42". National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Archived from the original on 9 June 2008. Retrieved 26 May 2008.
- "The Aerospace Corporation - Assuring Mission Success". reentrynews.aero.org. Archived from the original on 13 May 2012. Retrieved 26 April 2018.
- Kallender, Mark. "STS-49, The Rescue Of Intelsat-VI 603". Archived from the original on 28 February 2009. Retrieved 28 February 2009.
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