Kosmos 2229
Bion 10, or Kosmos 2229, a C.I.S. spacecraft, was launched by a Soyuz-U rocket from the Plesetsk Cosmodrome. It was part of the Bion program.
| Mission type | Bioscience |
|---|---|
| Operator | Institute of Biomedical Problems |
| COSPAR ID | 1992-095A |
| SATCAT no. | 22300 |
| Mission duration | 12 days |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft type | Bion |
| Bus | Zenit |
| Manufacturer | TsSKB Progress |
| Launch mass | 6,000 kilograms (13,000 lb) |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 29 December 1992, 13:30 UTC |
| Rocket | Soyuz-U |
| Launch site | Plesetsk 43/3 |
| End of mission | |
| Landing date | 12 January 1993, 04:19 UTC |
| Landing site | 50°46′N 73°08′E Karaganda Region, Kazakhstan[1] |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric |
| Regime | Low Earth |
| Eccentricity | 0.01256[2] |
| Perigee altitude | 215 kilometres (134 mi)[2] |
| Apogee altitude | 360 kilometres (220 mi)[2] |
| Inclination | 62.8060º[2] |
| Period | 90.4 minutes[2] |
| RAAN | 204.7624 degrees[2] |
| Argument of perigee | 111.4285 degrees[2] |
| Mean anomaly | 250.2119 degrees[2] |
| Mean motion | 15.95206248[2] |
| Epoch | 10 January 1993, 09:52:13 UTC[2] |
| Revolution no. | 187 |
Mission
It carried two monkeys and several insects, amphibians, plants, and cell cultures. Participating scientists were from ten countries (Canada, France, Germany, Lithuania, Netherlands, People's Republic of China, Russia, Ukraine, United States and Uzbekistan) and European Space Agency. In the planning stages this mission was named Bion '92.
The Kosmos 2229 spacecraft orbited the Earth for almost 12 days. The payload, also designated Bion 10, contained thirteen American life sciences experiments. Studies focused on bone, neuromuscular and vestibular physiology, circadian rhythms, and metabolism. Two rhesus monkeys served as experimental subjects on the mission. As on previous Cosmos biosatellite missions, the monkeys were trained to activate food and juice dispensers. In addition, they were trained to operate a foot pedal so that muscle responses could be studied in flight. For in-flight neurovestibular testing, the monkeys were trained to make hand and head movements in response to visual stimuli.
Several of the hardware elements on the biosatellite were improved for Cosmos 2229. The in-flight data recording system was enhanced, making high-quality brain and neuromuscular recordings possible. The monkey feeder system was improved, and a backup juice dispenser was available. The monkey restraint system was modified to allow more arm movement. The neurovestibular data acquisition system was updated through a joint American-Russian development effort, allowing more parameters to be recorded in flight.
Details
- NSSDC ID
- 1992-095A[3]
- Other Names
- Biocosmos 10
- Cosmos 2229
- 22300
- Launch Date/Time
- 1992-12-29 at 13:30:00 UTC
- On-orbit Dry Mass
- 6000 kg
- Propulsion
- 11D82M
See also
References
- Cosmos 2229. Encyclopedia Astronautica. Retrieved 13 Sep 2016.
- Chris Peat. COSMOS 2229. Heavens Above. Retrieved 2016-06-18.
- "NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details". Nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. 16 August 2013. Retrieved 12 March 2014.