Timeline of first artificial satellites by country
As of 15 August 2020, over eighty countries have operated artificial satellites.
Denotes international organisations | |
Denotes countries formerly part of another country which already had a spacecraft in orbit | |
Denotes countries with disputed sovereignty or recognition and autonomous dependent territories | |
Country | Satellite | Operator | Manufacturer | Carrier rocket[1] | Launch site[1] | Date (UTC)[1] | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sputnik 1[2] | OKB-1 | 4 October 1957 | First satellite launched | ||||
Explorer 1[3] | ABMA | 1 February 1958 | |||||
Ariel 1[4] | RAE | 26 April 1962 | |||||
Alouette 1[5] | DRDC | 29 September 1962 | |||||
San Marco 1[6] | CNR | 15 December 1964 | |||||
Astérix[7] | CNES | 26 November 1965 | |||||
WRESAT[8] | WRE | 29 November 1967 | |||||
10 European countries
|
ESRO 2B[9] | ESRO | 17 May 1968[10] | ||||
Azur[11] | DLR | 8 November 1969 | |||||
Ohsumi[12] | ISAS | 11 February 1970 | |||||
Dongfanghong I[13] | CAST | 24 April 1970 | |||||
ANS[14] | SRON / NASA | 30 August 1974 | |||||
Intasat[14] | INTA | 15 November 1974 | |||||
Aryabhata[14] | ISRO | 19 April 1975 | |||||
Palapa A1[14] | Perumtel | 8 July 1976 | |||||
Magion 1[14] | 24 October 1978 | ||||||
Bulgaria 1300[14] | BSA | 7 August 1981 | |||||
Arabsat-1A | Arabsat | Ariane 3 | 8 February 1985 | ||||
Brasilsat A1[14] | Embratel | ||||||
Morelos 1[14] | SCT | 17 June 1985 | Deployed using PAM-D during STS-51-G | ||||
Viking | SSC | Ariane 1 | 22 February 1986 | ||||
Ofek-1 | 19 September 1988 | ||||||
Astra 1A | SES Astra | Ariane 44LP | 11 December 1988 | ||||
Lusat | AMSAT Argentina | Ariane 40 | 22 January 1990 | ||||
AsiaSat 1 | AsiaSat | 7 April 1990 | Hong Kong, a British Overseas Territory, became part of the People's Republic of China in July 1997 | ||||
Badr-1 | SUPARCO | 16 July 1990 | |||||
Kosmos 2175 | 21 January 1992 | Successor state to the Soviet Union | |||||
Kitsat-1 | KAIST | Ariane 42P | 10 August 1992 | ||||
PoSAT-1 | PoSAT | Ariane 40 | 26 September 1993 | ||||
Thaicom-1 | Shin Satellite | Ariane 44L | 18 December 1993 | ||||
Turksat 1B | Türksat | Ariane 44LP | 10 August 1994 | ||||
Magion 4 | 2 August 1995 | Formerly part of Czechoslovakia | |||||
Sich-1 | 31 August 1995 | Formerly part of the Soviet Union | |||||
Fasat-Alfa | Failed to separate | ||||||
MEASAT-1 | MEASAT | Ariane 44L | 13 January 1996 | ||||
Thor 2 | Telenor | 20 May 1997 | |||||
Mabuhay (Agila 1) (former Palapa B2P) | Mabuhay | 20 March 1987 | Originally operated and launched for Indonesian company PT Pasifik Satelit Nusantara. Acquired while on orbit by Mabuhay in 1996 making it the first Philippine owned satellite. | ||||
Mabuhay 1 (Agila 2) | 19 August 1997 | First Philippine satellite to be launched from space | |||||
Nilesat 101 | Nilesat | Astrium | Ariane 44P | 28 April 1998 | |||
ST-1 | SingTel Chunghwa | Astrium | Ariane 44P | 25 August 1998 | |||
Formosat-1 | NSPO | 27 January 1999 | |||||
SUNSAT | Stellenbosch | 23 February 1999 | Launched on same rocket as first Danish satellite | ||||
Ørsted | Launched on same rocket as first South African satellite | ||||||
Thuraya 1 | Thuraya | 21 October 2000 | |||||
PROBA-1 | ESA | 22 October 2001 | |||||
Maroc-Tubsat | 10 December 2001 | ||||||
Esiafi 1 (formerly Comstar D4) | TONGASAT | 21 February 1981 | A private American satellite that transferred ownership to Tonga in April 2002 | ||||
AlSAT-1 | 28 November 2002 | ||||||
Hellas-Sat 2 | Hellas-Sat | Astrium | 13 May 2003 | ||||
NigeriaSat-1 | 27 September 2003 | ||||||
Sina-1 | 27 October 2005 | ||||||
KazSat-1 | 17 June 2006 | Formerly part of the Soviet Union | |||||
Libertad-1 | 17 April 2007 | ||||||
Rascom-QAF 1 | Rascom | Ariane 5GS | 21 December 2007 | ||||
Vinasat-1 | Vietnam Posts and Telecommunications Group | Ariane 5ECA | 18 April 2008 | ||||
Venesat-1 | 29 October 2008 | ||||||
SwissCube-1 | 23 September 2009 | ||||||
X-Sat | 20 April 2011 | ||||||
ViaSat-1 | ViaSat-IOM, ManSat, Telesat-IOM | 19 October 2011 | Isle of Man is a Crown Dependency of the British sovereign | ||||
MaSat-1[15] | Vega | 13 February 2012 | |||||
PW-Sat[15] | Warsaw University of Technology, Space Research Centre | Deorbit on 28 October 2014 | |||||
Goliat[15] | |||||||
BelKA-2[16][17] | 22 July 2012 | ||||||
Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 Unit 2[18] | KCST | 12 December 2012 | Failed to operate in orbit | ||||
Azerspace-1/Africasat-1a[19] | Ariane 5ECA | 7 February 2013 | Formerly part of the Soviet Union | ||||
TUGSAT-1/UniBRITE[20] | 25 February 2013 | Austria's first two satellites were launched together | |||||
Bermudasat 1 (former EchoStar VI) | Bermudasat | 14 July 2000 | Bermuda is a British Overseas Territory; Bermudasat 1 (former private American EchoStar VI) satellite was transferred in April 2013 to Bermuda being at orbit | ||||
NEE-01 Pegaso[21] | EXA | 26 April 2013 | |||||
ESTCube-1 | Vega | 7 May 2013 | Estonia was formerly occupied by the Soviet Union. | ||||
O3b-1/O3b-2/O3b-3/O3b-4 | O3b Networks | 25 June 2013 | Jersey's first four satellites were launched together. Jersey is a Crown Dependency of the British sovereign | ||||
Eutelsat 25B / Es'hail 1 | Eutelsat Es'hailSat | Ariane 5ECA | 29 August 2013 | Qatar's first satellite flew as a joint project with the French corporation Eutelsat | |||
Es'hail 1 | Es'hailSat | Ariane 5ECA | 29 August 2013 | Full ownership of the joint France-Qatar satellite Eutelsat 25B / Es'hail 1 was sold to Es'hailsat in 2018 [22] | |||
PUCP-Sat 1 | 21 November 2013 | ||||||
Túpac Katari 1 | 20 December 2013 | ||||||
LitSat-1/Lituanica SAT-1 | 9 January 2014 | The first two Lithuanian satellites were launched together; both carried to the International Space Station and deployed later in the year. Lithuania was formerly occupied by the Soviet Union. | |||||
Tigrisat | MOST / La Sapienza | 19 June 2014 | |||||
ANTELSAT | ANTEL | ||||||
TurkmenAlem52E/MonacoSAT | TNSA | 27 April 2015 | Formerly part of the Soviet Union. | ||||
Laosat-1 | Laos National Authority for Science and Technology | 20 November 2015 | |||||
Aalto-2 | Aalto University | 18 April 2017 | |||||
BRAC ONNESHA | BRACU | 3 June 2017 | Launched on same rocket as first Ghanaian and Mongolian satellites | ||||
GhanaSat-1 | All Nations University | Launched on same rocket as first Bangladeshi and Mongolian satellites | |||||
Mazaalai (satellite) | National University of Mongolia | Launched on same rocket as first Ghanaian and Bangladeshi satellites | |||||
Venta 1 | Ventspils University College | 23 June 2017 | Formerly occupied by the Soviet Union, Launched on same rocket as first Slovakian satellite | ||||
skCUBE | SOSA | Formerly part of Czechoslovakia, Launched on same rocket as first Latvian satellite | |||||
AngoSat 1 | AngoSat | RSC Energia | 26 December 2017 | Launch was successful but contact was lost quickly afterwards.[23] On 28 December 2017, communication was restored and telemetry was received.[24] | |||
Humanity Star | Rocket Lab | 21 January 2018 | First satellite launched by New Zealand launcher. | ||||
Proyecto Irazú | Costa Rica Institute of Technology | 2 April 2018 | First satellite of Central America. Manufactured in Costa Rica.[25] | ||||
1KUNS-PF | University of Nairobi | University of Nairobi | Launched on same rocket as first Costa Rican satellite. | ||||
Bhutan 1 | -"- | 29 June 2018 | |||||
JY1-SAT | -"- | 3 December 2018 | |||||
NepaliSat-1 | NASA for Nepal Academy of Science and Technology | 17 April 2019 | |||||
Raavana 1 | Arthur C. Clarke Institute for Modern Technologies (ACCIMT) | 17 April 2019 | |||||
RWASAT-1 | Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Authority | Rwandan engineers with support from the | 24 September 2019 | ||||
Sudan Remote Sensing Satellite 1 (SRSS-1) | Sudan | ISRA | 3 November 2019 | ||||
Ethiopian Remote Sensing Satellite 1 (ETRSS-1) | Ethiopia | ESSTI | 20 December 2019 | ||||
Quetzal-1 | Universidad del Valle de Guatemala | Students from the Universidad del Valle de Guatemala | 7 March 2020 | ||||
See also
References
- McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch Log". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 1 May 2013.
- Zak, Anatoly. "Sputnik's Mission". RussianSpaceWeb. Retrieved 4 March 2013.
- "Explorer 1". Milestones of Flight. Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum. Retrieved 4 March 2013.
- "Timeline: 1960s". Space Research: 50 Years and Beyond. University of Leicester. Retrieved 4 March 2013.
- "Alouette I and II". Canadian Space Agency. Retrieved 4 March 2013.
- Russo, Arturo (2002). The Century of Space Science. 1. Springer. p. 52. ISBN 0-7923-7196-8.
- Kramer, Herbert J. (2002). Observation of the Earth and Its Environment: Survey of Missions and Sensors. Springer. p. 160. ISBN 3-5404-2388-5.
- Williamson, Mark (2006). Spacecraft Technology: The Early Years. Institution of Engineering and Technology. p. 85. ISBN 978-0-86341-553-1.
- "ESA Achievements" (PDF). European Space Agency. Retrieved 26 February 2013.
- "ELDO/ESRO/ESA: Key Dates 1960-2013". European Space Agency. Retrieved 26 February 2013.
- "When did the first German satellite go into space?". DLR. 23 November 2009. Retrieved 1 May 2013.
- "Ohsumi". Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency. Archived from the original on 11 May 2013. Retrieved 1 May 2013.
- Long, Wei (25 April 2000). "China Celebrates 30th Anniversary Of First Satellite Launch". Space Daily. Retrieved 1 May 2013.
- "First Time in History". The Satellite Encyclopedia. Retrieved 1 May 2013.
- "Central and Eastern Europe Make History with Small Satellites". European Space Agency. 13 February 2012. Retrieved 1 May 2013.
- Krebs, Gunter. "BKA (BelKa 2)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 1 May 2013.
- "Belarus' first satellite enters orbit". Xinhua. 24 July 2012. Retrieved 1 May 2013.
- Fisher, Max (12 December 2012). "Real-time satellite tracker shows precise location of North Korea's new satellite". Washington Post. Retrieved 1 May 2013.
- Agayev, Zulfugar (8 February 2013). "First Azeri Satellite Launched, Two More Planned in 2015-2016". Bloomberg. Retrieved 1 May 2013.
- "AUSTRIAN SATELLITES: BRITE-AUSTRIA & UniBRITE". BRITE-Constellation. Universität Wien. Archived from the original on 24 March 2013. Retrieved 1 May 2013.
- Barbosa, Rui C. (26 April 2013). "China back in action with Long March 2D launch of Gaofen-1". NASASpaceflight.com. Retrieved 1 May 2013.
- https://www.satellitetoday.com/business/2018/08/10/eshailsat-makes-deal-with-eutelsat-to-fully-own-satellite/
- Krebs, Gunter. "AngoSat 1". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 1 May 2017.
- http://tass.ru/kosmos/4850396
- "Costa Rica Launches Its First Satellite Into Space with SpaceX". The Costa Rica Star. 2 April 2018. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
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