Long March 1

The Long March 1 (长征一号), also known as the Changzheng-1 (CZ-1),[3] was the first member of China's Long March rocket family.[4]

This article is about the rocket. For the submarine, see Type 091 submarine.

Long March 1
Changzheng-1 (CZ-1)

Manufacturer	MAI, CASC, CAST
Country of origin	China
Size
Height	29.86 metres (98.0 ft)
Diameter	2.25 metres (7.4 ft)
Mass	81,570 kilograms (179,830 lb)
Stages	3
Capacity
Payload to LEO	300 kilograms (660 lb)
Associated rockets
Family	Long March
Launch history
Status	Retired
Launch sites	Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center
Total launches	2
Successes	2
First flight	24 April 1970
Last flight	3 March 1971
Notable payloads	Dong Fang Hong I
First stage
Length	17.835 m (58.51 ft)
Diameter	2.25 m (7.4 ft)
Empty mass	4,180 kg (9,220 lb)
Gross mass	65,250 kg (143,850 lb)
Engines	1 YF-2A (4 x YF-1A)
Thrust	1,101.2 kN (247,600 lbf) (SL) 1,214.4 kN (273,000 lbf)
Specific impulse	242.5 s (2.378 km/s) (SL) 267.4 s (2.622 km/s) (vacuum)
Burn time	about 130 s[1]
Fuel	UDMH/AK27S[2]
Second stage
Length	7.486 m (24.56 ft)
Diameter	2.25 m (7.4 ft)
Empty mass	2,340 kg (5,160 lb)
Gross mass	13,550 kg (29,870 lb)
Engines	YF-3A
Thrust	320.2 kN (72,000 lbf)
Specific impulse	286.9 s (2.814 km/s)
Burn time	about 126 s
Fuel	UDMH/AK27S
Third stage – FG-02
Length	4.565 m (14.98 ft)
Diameter	0.77 m (2.5 ft)
Empty mass	400 kg (880 lb)
Gross mass	2,200 kg (4,900 lb)
Engines	FG-02
Thrust	181 kN (41,000 lbf)
Specific impulse	254 s (2.49 km/s)
Burn time	38s
Fuel	Solid: Polysulfide

History

Development started in January 1965 as the Seventh Ministry of Machinery Industry issued a design task. The two stage liquid fueled DF-4 was modified by adding a third stage in order to make it to the desired orbit. Long March 1's second flight launched China's first satellite Dong Fang Hong 1 to space on April 24, 1970. The rocket was operational during 1970–1971. Wang Xiji was the chief designer of the rocket.[5]

Long March 1 (Launch history)

Date and time (UTC)	Launch site	Payload	Orbit	Function	Decay (UTC)	Outcome	Notes
24 April 1970 13:35	Jiuquan LA-2A	Dong Fang Hong 1	LEO	Test satellite		Success	First satellite launched by China.
3 March 1971 12:15	Jiuquan LA-2A	Shi Jian 1	LEO	Technology	17 June 1979	Success

See also

• DF-4 - ICBM on which this rocket is based.
• Long March 1D - Other member of this rocket family.
• YF-2A - Main propulsion module.
• FG-02 - Upper stage.

References

1. "Space Launchers - Long March". Retrieved 21 April 2015.
2. "Go Taikonauts! - Launch Vehicle". Archived from the original on 27 October 2009. Retrieved 21 April 2015.
3. "CZ-1". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 16 May 2008. Retrieved 21 April 2015.
4. 问鼎苍穹：共和国航天纪实. 中国南京: 江苏文艺出版社. 2009. p. 128. ISBN 978-7-5399-3457-0.
5. Stokes, Mark A. (July 2003). "The People's Liberation Army and China's Space and Missile Development". In Laurie Burkitt; Andrew Scobell; Larry Wortzel (eds.). The Lessons of History: The Chinese people's Liberation Army at 75 (PDF). Strategic Studies Institute. p. 235. ISBN 978-1-58487-126-2.