TLR 1

TLR 1 is a member of the toll-like receptor family (TLR) of pattern recognition receptors of the innate immune system.[5][6] TLR1 recognizes pathogen-associated molecular pattern with a specificity for gram-positive bacteria. TLR1 has also been designated as CD281 (cluster of differentiation 281).

TLR1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2Z7X, 1FYV
Identifiers
Aliases	TLR1, CD281, TIL, TIL. LPRS5, rsc786, toll like receptor 1
External IDs	OMIM: 601194 MGI: 1341295 HomoloGene: 20694 GeneCards: TLR1
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 4 (human)[1] Band 4p14 Start 38,790,677 bp[1] End 38,856,817 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 5 (mouse)[2] Band 5 C3.1|5 33.53 cM Start 64,924,679 bp[2] End 64,933,563 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • Toll-like receptor 2 binding • GO:0001948 protein binding • protein heterodimerization activity • receptor activity • lipopeptide binding • transmembrane signaling receptor activity • signaling receptor activity • identical protein binding Cellular component • integral component of membrane • phagocytic vesicle membrane • Golgi apparatus • membrane • cell membrane • Toll-like receptor 1-Toll-like receptor 2 protein complex • integral component of plasma membrane • membrane raft • cytoplasmic vesicle Biological process • defense response • toll-like receptor TLR1:TLR2 signaling pathway • positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process • immune system process • regulation of cytokine secretion • MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway • positive regulation of interleukin-6 biosynthetic process • cellular response to triacyl bacterial lipopeptide • detection of triacyl bacterial lipopeptide • toll-like receptor 1 signaling pathway • macrophage activation • inflammatory response • signal transduction • innate immune system • defense response to bacterium • cell activation • toll-like receptor signaling pathway • immune response • positive regulation of toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway • positive regulation of interleukin-8 secretion Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	7096	21897
Ensembl	ENSG00000174125	ENSMUSG00000044827
UniProt	Q15399	Q9EPQ1
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_003263	NM_001276445 NM_030682
RefSeq (protein)	NP_003254	NP_001263374 NP_109607
Location (UCSC)	Chr 4: 38.79 – 38.86 Mb	Chr 5: 64.92 – 64.93 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. This gene is ubiquitously expressed, and at higher levels than other TLR genes. Different length transcripts presumably resulting from use of alternative polyadenylation site, and/or from alternative splicing, have been noted for this gene.[7]

TLR1 recognizes peptidoglycan and (triacyl) lipopeptides in concert with TLR2 (as a heterodimer).[8][9] Toll-like receptors, including TLR-1, found on the epithelial cell layer that lines the small and large intestine are important players in the management of the gut microbiota and detection of pathogens.[10] It is also found on the surface of macrophages and neutrophils.

Interactions

TLR 1 has been shown to interact with TLR 2.[11]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000174125 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000044827 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Rock FL, Hardiman G, Timans JC, Kastelein RA, Bazan JF (January 1998). "A family of human receptors structurally related to Drosophila Toll". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95 (2): 588–93. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.2.588. PMC 18464. PMID 9435236.
6. Lien E, Ingalls RR (January 2002). "Toll-like receptors". Crit. Care Med. 30 (1 Suppl): S1–11. doi:10.1097/00003246-200201001-00001. PMID 11782555.
7. "SRF serum response factor". Entrez Gene. National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Institutes of Health.
8. Farhat K, Riekenberg S, Heine H, Debarry J, Lang R, Mages J, Buwitt-Beckmann U, Röschmann K, Jung G, Wiesmüller KH, Ulmer AJ (March 2008). "Heterodimerization of TLR2 with TLR1 or TLR6 expands the ligand spectrum but does not lead to differential signaling". J. Leukoc. Biol. 83 (3): 692–701. doi:10.1189/jlb.0807586. PMID 18056480.
9. Jin MS, Kim SE, Heo JY, Lee ME, Kim HM, Paik SG, Lee H, Lee JO (September 2007). "Crystal structure of the TLR1-TLR2 heterodimer induced by binding of a tri-acylated lipopeptide". Cell. 130 (6): 1071–82. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.09.008. PMID 17889651.
10. de Kivit S, Tobin MC, Forsyth CB, Keshavarzian A, Landay AL (2014). "Regulation of Intestinal Immune Responses through TLR Activation: Implications for Pro- and Prebiotics". Frontiers in Immunology. 5: 60. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2014.00060. PMC 3927311. PMID 24600450.
11. Takeuchi O, Sato S, Horiuchi T, Hoshino K, Takeda K, Dong Z, Modlin RL, Akira S (Jul 2002). "Cutting edge: role of Toll-like receptor 1 in mediating immune response to microbial lipoproteins". J. Immunol. 169 (1): 10–4. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.169.1.10. PMID 12077222.

External links

• Toll-Like+Receptor+1 at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• PDBe-KB provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human Toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine (), which is in the public domain.