Fulton County, Kentucky

Fulton County is the westernmost county in the U.S. state of Kentucky, with the Mississippi River forming its western boundary. As of the 2010 census, the population was 6,813.[1] Its county seat is Hickman.[2] The county was formed in 1845 from Hickman County, Kentucky and named for Robert Fulton, the inventor of the steamboat.[3][4]

Fulton County
U.S. county
Fulton County Courthouse in Hickman
Location within the U.S. state of Kentucky
Kentucky's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 36°33′N 89°11′W
Country United States
State Kentucky
Founded1845
Named forRobert Fulton
SeatHickman
Largest cityFulton
Area
 • Total231 sq mi (600 km2)
 • Land206 sq mi (530 km2)
 • Water25 sq mi (60 km2)  11%%
Population
 • Estimate 
(2018)
6,120
 • Density33/sq mi (13/km2)
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district1st
Websitewww.fultoncounty.ky.gov

Allied with Tennessee by trade and culture, white Fulton County residents were largely pro-Confederate during the American Civil War. Forces from both armies passed through the county during different periods of the conflict.[5] Because of imprecise early surveying of Kentucky's southern border, Fulton County is divided into two non-contiguous parts. An exclave on the peninsula in the Kentucky Bend of the Mississippi River can be reached only by road through Tennessee.

Kentucky Bend and surrounding area
  Missouri (MO)
  Tennessee (TN)
  Kentucky (KY)

History

The rural county was not organized until 1845, from a portion of Hickman County. It was named for Robert Fulton, inventor of the steamboat. Hickman, Kentucky was designated as the county seat. The county was developed for agriculture, which was dependent on the labor of enslaved African Americans. Area farmers had ties to Tennessee planters, and shipped produce down the Mississippi River, which formed the county's western border. They supported the Confederacy, while Kentucky maintained official neutrality as a Border State.

During the post-Reconstruction period, there was considerable racial violence by whites against blacks in Fulton County; they exercised terrorism to re-establish and maintain white supremacy. Whites lynched 20 African Americans here from 1877–1950; most were killed around the turn of the 20th century. This was by far the highest total of any county in the state, more than ten times the total in many other counties.[6] Five men were lynched from 1883 to 1917, for alleged rape, assault, barn burning, and robbery and murder.[7]

After the Civil War, some African Americans became landowners in the county. A notably egregious lynching was that on October 3, 1908 in Hickman of David Walker and his entire family by 50 Night Riders. This may have been part of anarchic violence that was directed at blacks arising from the "Reelfoot Lake Uprising", but it also appeared that whites coveted Walker's land. Walker and his wife, an infant in arms, and three children were shot multiple times; the eldest son burned to death in their farmhouse; seven in total were killed on the night of October 3, 1908 in Hickman. Walker owned a 21 1/2 acre farm; his white neighbor took it over after the killings, and later sold it to another white man. One of latter's descendants continues to own the rural land.[8]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 231 square miles (600 km2), of which 206 square miles (530 km2) is land and 25 square miles (65 km2) (11%) is water.[9]

About 11 square miles (28 km2) of the county is separated in a peninsula from the rest of the state by an oxbow of the Mississippi River, known as the Kentucky Bend or New Madrid Bend, after the city in Missouri on the north side of the river. Travelers going there have to pass into Tennessee by road (there is no bridge from Missouri) and then go north to reach the Kentucky Bend exclave. The lowest point in the state of Kentucky is located on the Mississippi River in Kentucky Bend in Fulton County, where it flows past Kentucky and between Tennessee and Missouri. It is expected that over time, the river will cut across the short neck of the peninsula, cutting it off entirely from Kentucky, with land gradually filling in behind it to connect it to Missouri.

Adjacent counties

National protected area

Major highways

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.%±
18504,446—
18605,31719.6%
18706,16115.9%
18807,97729.5%
189010,00525.4%
190011,54615.4%
191014,11422.2%
192015,1977.7%
193014,927−1.8%
194015,4133.3%
195013,668−11.3%
196011,256−17.6%
197010,183−9.5%
19808,971−11.9%
19908,271−7.8%
20007,752−6.3%
20106,813−12.1%
Est. 20186,120[10]−10.2%
U.S. Decennial Census[11]
1790-1960[12] 1900-1990[13]
1990-2000[14] 2010-2013[1]

As of the census[15] of 2000, there were 7,752 people, 3,237 households, and 2,113 families residing in the county. The population density was 37 per square mile (14/km2). There were 3,697 housing units at an average density of 18 per square mile (6.9/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 75.12% White, 23.19% Black or African American, 0.12% Native American, 0.31% Asian, 0.32% from other races, and 0.94% from two or more races. 0.72% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 3,237 households out of which 29.30% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.40% were married couples living together, 18.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.70% were non-families. 32.30% of all households were made up of individuals and 16.20% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.92.

In the county, the population was spread out with 24.90% under the age of 18, 8.90% from 18 to 24, 25.50% from 25 to 44, 23.20% from 45 to 64, and 17.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.70 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.00 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $24,382, and the median income for a family was $30,788. Males had a median income of $26,401 versus $19,549 for females. The per capita income for the county was $14,309. About 20.10% of families and 23.10% of the population were below the poverty line, including 32.30% of those under age 18 and 16.00% of those age 65 or over.

Politics
Presidential elections results
Presidential elections results[16]
Year Republican Democratic Third parties
2016 65.0% 1,549 32.5% 774 2.5% 59
2012 57.4% 1,425 41.2% 1,022 1.4% 34
2008 54.2% 1,530 43.8% 1,238 2.0% 57
2004 52.8% 1,527 46.4% 1,340 0.8% 23
2000 46.4% 1,293 52.1% 1,452 1.5% 43
1996 31.9% 863 59.6% 1,614 8.6% 233
1992 33.5% 1,073 56.6% 1,813 9.9% 318
1988 48.9% 1,474 50.8% 1,531 0.4% 11
1984 53.5% 1,780 46.1% 1,534 0.5% 16
1980 41.2% 1,462 56.8% 2,016 1.9% 69
1976 30.6% 1,060 68.3% 2,370 1.2% 40
1972 61.3% 1,807 34.8% 1,024 3.9% 116
1968 28.3% 1,079 31.5% 1,204 40.2% 1,535
1964 31.8% 1,169 67.9% 2,493 0.3% 10
1960 36.7% 1,567 63.4% 2,708 0.0% 0
1956 27.8% 1,147 71.5% 2,953 0.7% 28
1952 32.1% 1,266 67.8% 2,673 0.1% 3
1948 13.8% 450 76.3% 2,497 10.0% 326
1944 18.0% 654 81.7% 2,973 0.4% 13
1940 18.0% 791 81.8% 3,592 0.2% 9
1936 17.3% 782 82.4% 3,727 0.4% 17
1932 17.3% 837 82.3% 3,985 0.5% 23
1928 30.3% 1,366 69.6% 3,132 0.1% 5
1924 21.0% 902 77.5% 3,336 1.5% 65
1920 26.1% 1,365 73.4% 3,843 0.6% 31
1916 25.0% 747 73.5% 2,200 1.5% 45
1912 22.8% 520 70.6% 1,609 6.6% 150

Education

Media

Communities

Cities

Census-designated place

Other unincorporated communities
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See also

References
  1. "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on June 6, 2011. Retrieved March 6, 2014.
  2. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on 2011-05-31. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  3. The Register of the Kentucky State Historical Society, Volume 1. Kentucky State Historical Society. 1903. pp. 35.
  4. Hogan, Roseann Reinemuth (1992). Kentucky Ancestry: A Guide to Genealogical and Historical Research. Ancestry Publishing. p. 235. Retrieved 26 July 2013.
  5. "Fulton County, Kentucky Genealogy, Facts, Records & Links". Genealogyinc.com. Retrieved April 16, 2013.
  6. Lynching in America/ Supplement: Lynchings by County, 3rd Edition, 2015, p.5
  7. Rob Gallagher & Lori DeWinkler, "Kentucky Lynchings 1882 -1921", Genealogy Trails, 2018
  8. Lewan, Todd & Barclay, Dolores. Associated Press, "Property Swindles Victimized Blacks: Torn From The Land." Online Athens, 23 December 2001. http://onlineathens.com/stories/122301/new_1223010092.shtml#.V85WfZgrLIU
  9. "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Archived from the original on August 12, 2014. Retrieved August 14, 2014.
  10. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved July 29, 2019.
  11. "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 14, 2014.
  12. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved August 14, 2014.
  13. "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 14, 2014.
  14. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 14, 2014.
  15. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  16. Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org.

Further reading

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