Agent-general

An agent-general is the representative in the United Kingdom of the government of a Canadian province or an Australian state and, historically, also of a British colony in Jamaica, Nigeria, Canada, Malta, South Africa, Australia or New Zealand and subsequently, of a Nigerian region. Australia and Canada's federal governments are represented by high commissions, as are all Commonwealth national governments today.

The plaque of the Agent General for British Columbia in London

In the 18th and 19th centuries, a growing number of British colonies appointed agents in Great Britain and Ireland (and occasionally elsewhere in Europe) to promote immigration to the colonies. Eventually, agents-general were appointed by some colonies to represent their commercial, legal, and diplomatic interests in Britain and to the British government and Whitehall.[1] They were appointed, and their expenses and salaries provided, by the governments of the colonies they represented.[2]

Starting in 1886, Quebec and the federal Canadian government also appointed agents-general to Paris. The first, Hector Fabre, was dispatched by the province of Quebec but was asked by the federal government to represent all of Canada. He and his successor, Philippe Roy, continued to represent both Quebec City and Ottawa in France until 1912 when the federal government asked Roy to resign his Quebec position to avoid conflicts of interest. Canadian provinces have also appointed agent-generals (called delegates-general in Quebec beginning in the 1970s) to other countries and major cities.

Following a military coup in Nigeria in 1966, the federal system was abolished, and the posts of the agents-general of Nigerian regions in London were subsumed in the Nigerian High Commission.

By the 1990s, some Australian state governments regarded the office of their agent-general in London as a costly anachronism, even for promoting tourism and investment, and have since been closed and subsumed into the Australian High Commission. The majority of Australian states continue to have agents-general in London, but operate from Australia House rather than maintain separate premises.

Many Canadian provinces similarly are no longer represented by an agent-general, although Quebec continues to have a Government Office in London (Délégation générale du Québec à Londres) and in several other cities around the world. Ontario, Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba have representatives who work out of the Canadian Embassy in Washington, DC.[3]

Australia

Agents-general for New South Wales

The New South Wales Office in London was one of several overseas offices established by the colonies of Australia to represent their interests. The London Office was established after the appointment of the first Agent-General on 1 May 1864. In June 1932, the Agent-General's Office was abolished as a cost-cutting measure and was replaced by the New South Wales Government Offices, London, to be headed by an "Official Representative".[4] The title was renamed Agent-General in 1937, but was left vacant from 1939 to 1946 due to the Second World War. From 1972 to 1993, the Agent-General's Office was located in separate premises from Australia House, at the nearby address of 66 The Strand, which was opened by Queen Elizabeth II in May 1972.[5][6]

In October 1992, the position of NSW Agent-General in London was abolished by the Fahey government. This occurred following an expenses scandal by the last Agent-General, Neil Pickard, who had been appointed as a consolation for losing his seat in parliament.[7] Following its abolition, Fahey noted to Parliament: "It was abundantly clear to me, to all Cabinet and to all Government that we no longer needed an agent-general's office in London. That was a throwback to colonial days - to the days when it was important to have garden parties and to participate in ceremonies. Quite frankly, little or no benefit accrued to New South Wales by participating in such a process."[8] The Agent-General's Office was replaced by the NSW Government Trade and Investment Office, London, which had no ceremonial function, but focused on the promotion of investment and trade in the UK and Europe.[9] The NSW Government of Gladys Berejiklian considered reviving the Agent-General position in late-2019, noting that "We know the post-Brexit environment is going to be very different and NSW can gain a lot of opportunities in business from the UK".[10][11]

Agents-GeneralYearsNotes
William Colburn Mayne1864–1871
Charles Cowper1871–1876
William Forster1876 – 7 October 1879[12]
Alexander Stuart25 November 1879 – April 1880[13][14][15]
Sir Saul Samuel11 August 1880 – 1 October 1897[16]
Sir Daniel Cooper, Bt.1 October 1897 – 27 March 1899[17][18]
Sir Julian Salomons27 March 1899 – 14 May 1900[19][20][21][22]
Henry Copeland14 May 1900 – 18 July 1903[23][24][25][26]
The Earl of Jersey18 July 1903 – 1 April 1905[27][28][29]
Sir Timothy Coghlan1 April 1905 – 26 May 1915[30][31][32]
Bernhard Wise26 May 1915 – 21 September 1916[33][34][35]
Sir Timothy Coghlan21 September 1916 – 2 May 1917[36]
Sir Charles Wade2 May 1917 – 15 March 1920[37][38][39]
David Hall17 March 1920 – 6 May 1920[40][41][42]
Sir Timothy Coghlan6 May 1920 – 20 April 1925[43][44]
Sir Arthur Cocks20 April 1925 – 21 September 1925[45][46][47][48]
Sir Timothy Coghlan21 September 1925 – 30 April 1926[49][50]
Edward McTiernan (acting)2 May 1926 – 14 June 1926[51][52]
The Viscount Chelmsford14 June 1926 – 14 April 1928[53][54][55][56]
Sir George Fuller14 April 1928 – 14 April 1931[57][58][59]
Albert Charles Willis14 April 1931 – 30 July 1932[60][61][62][63]
Office abolished30 July 1932 – 15 February 1934[4]
Albert Edward Heath (Official Representative)15 February 1934 – 26 January 1937[64][65][66]
Albert Edward Heath26 January 1937 – 27 May 1938[67][68][69]
Clifford Henderson Hay20 June 1938 – November 1939[70][71][72]
Office vacantNovember 1939 – 1 June 1946[73][74]
Jack Tully1 June 1946 – 1 July 1954[75][76]
Francis Buckley1 July 1954 – 24 September 1965[77][78][79]
Abe Landa24 September 1965 – 5 November 1970[80][81][82][83]
Sir John Pagan5 November 1970 – 18 January 1973[84][85]
Sir Davis Hughes18 January 1973 – December 1977[86][87][88][89][90]
Peter Valkenburg18 January 1978 – April 1980[91][92]
Jack RenshawApril 1980 – January 1983[93]
Reginald WatsonJanuary 1983 – March 1986[94]
Kevin StewartMarch 1986 – February 1989[95]
Norman BrunsdonFebruary 1989 – August 1991[96]
Neil PickardAugust 1991 – 4 March 1993[97][98][99][100]

Agents-general for Queensland
Agent-generalYears
John Douglas1869–1870
Archibald Archer1870–1872
Richard Daintree1872–1876
Arthur Macalister1876–1881
Thomas Archer1881–1885
William Hemmant (acting)1885–1885
Sir James Garrick1885–1888
Thomas Archer1888–1890
Sir James Garrick1890–1895
Charles Shortt Dicken (acting)[101]2 October 1895 – 31 October 1895
Sir Thomas McIlwraith (acting)[102]31 October 1895 – 25 November 1896
Sir Henry Wylie Norman[103][104]1896–1897
Charles Shortt Dicken (acting)29 December 1897 – 1898
Sir Horace Tozer1898–1909
Thomas Bilbe Robinson1910–1919
John McEwan Hunter1919–1922
John Arthur Fihelly1922–1924
John Huxham1924–1929
Edward Henry Macartney1929–1931
Leonard Henry Pike1931–1951
Sir David Muir1951–1964
Sir William Summerville1964–1970
Sir Peter Delamothe1971–1973
N. C. Sweeney (acting)1973–1974
Sir Wallace Rae1974–1980
G. W. Swan (acting)August 1980 – March 1981
John H. AndrewsApril 1981 – September 1984
John F. S. BrownSeptember 1984 – March 1988
Tom McVeighApril 1988 – January 1991
Ray T. AndersonJune 1991 – September 1995
Dermot McManusFebruary 1996 – October 2000
Ray Kelly (acting)October 2000 – April 2001
John DawsonApril 2001 – September 2007
Ross Buchanan (acting)October 2007 – April 2008
Andrew Hugh CraigApril 2008 – June 2011
Ken SmithJuly 2011 – May 2017
Linda ApeltAugust 2017 – present

Agents-general for South Australia

Agents-general for Tasmania
  • Hon. Adye Douglas (later Sir, Kt), 1886–1887
  • Sir Arthur Blyth (acting), 1887–1888
  • James Arndell Youl CMG (later Sir, KCMG) (acting), 1888
  • Hon. Edward Braddon, (later Right Hon Sir, PC KCMG), 1888–1893
  • Sir Robert Herbert, 1893–1896
  • Sir Andrew Clarke (acting), 1896
  • Sir Westby Perceval, 1896–1898
  • Sir Andrew Clarke (acting), 1898–1899
  • Hon. Sir Philip Oakley Fysh, KCMG, 1899–1901
  • Sir Andrew Clarke (acting), 1901
  • Hon. Alfred Dobson, CMG, 1901–1908
  • Sir John McCall, KCMG, Kt., 1909–1919
  • Alfred Henry Ashbolt (later Sir, Kt), 1919–1924
  • Lieut.-Colonel R. Eccles Snowden (later Sir, Kt), 1924–1930
  • Darcy W. Addison, CMG, ISO, MVO, 1930–1931
  • Herbert W. Ely, ISO (acting), 1931–1937
  • Hon. Sir Claude Ernest Weymouth James, Kt, 1937–1950
  • Sir Eric E. von Bibra, Kt, OBE 1950–1958
  • Hon. Sir Alfred J White, Kt 1959–1971
  • Royce R. Neville, 1971–1978
  • Hon. Bill Neilson AC, 1978–1981

Agents-general for Victoria

Agents-general for Western Australia

Canada

Agents-general for Canada
to the United Kingdom
to France

Agents-general for Alberta

Agents-general for British Columbia

Agents-general for Manitoba
  • Anthony John McMillan (c. 1890–1900)
  • R. Murray Armstrong (1955–1963)[112][113]

As it was difficult to compete with larger provinces like Ontario and Quebec, the province of Manitoba decided to leave trade promotion to the federal government and accordingly recalled their agent-general in 1965 without appointing a replacement.[114]

Agents-general for New Brunswick

Agents-general for Nova Scotia

Agents-general for Ontario
to the United Kingdom
  • Southworth (1908–?)
  • Richard Reid (1913–1918)
  • Brigadier-General Manley R. Sims (1918–1920)
  • G. C. Creelman (1920–1921)
  • William C. Noxon (1921–1934)
  • vacant (1934–1944)
  • James S. P. Armstrong (1944–1967)
  • Allan Rowan-Legg (1968–1972)
  • Ward Cornell (1972–1978)
  • W. Ross DeGeer (1978–1985)
  • Thomas Leonard Wells (1985–1992)
  • Robert Nixon (1992–1994)
to Asia-Pacific
  • Tim (Thomas E.) Armstrong (1986-1990)
to France
to Japan
to New York City
  • Carlton Masters (1992)

Agents-general for Prince Edward Island
  • Harrison Watson (1902–?)[120]

Agents-general for Quebec
Further information: Quebec Government Offices

Quebec uses the title agent-general or delegate-general. In 1936, legislation was passed by the government of Maurice Duplessis closing all Quebec government offices abroad. The government of Adélard Godbout repealed the legislation and opened an office in New York City in 1940. When Duplessis returned to power in 1944, his government retained the New York City office and its agent-general but opened no others. In the early 1960s, the government of Jean Lésage began to open additional offices abroad appointing in Paris (1961), London (1962), Rome and Milan (1965) and subsequent governments opened offices in Chicago (1969), Boston, Lafayette, Dallas and Los Angeles (1970), Munich and Berlin (1971), Brussels (1972), Atlanta (1977), Washington (1978), Mexico City and Tokyo (1980), Beijing and Santiago (1998), Shanghai and Barcelona (1999), Mumbai (2007), São Paulo (2008) and Moscow (2012).[121] In 1971, the title of agent-general was officially changed to delegate-general although previous title is still often used, particularly for the government's representative to London.

As of 2016, the government of Quebec has delegates-general (agents-general) in London, Brussels, Mexico City, New York, Paris, and Tokyo; delegates to Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, and Rome, and offices headed by directors offering more limited services in Barcelona, Beijing, Dakar, Hong Kong, Mumbai, São Paulo, Shanghai, Stockholm, and Washington. In addition, there are the equivalent of Honorary consuls, titled antennes, in Atlanta, Berlin, Houston, Qingdao, Seoul, and California's Silicon Valley.[122]

to the United Kingdom
to France
  • Hector Fabre (1882–1910)[133]
  • Philippe Roy (1911–1912)
  • vacant (1912–1961)[121]
  • Charles Lussier (1961–1964)[134]
  • Jean Chapdelaine (delegate general) (1964–1976)
  • François Cloutier (delegate general) (1976–1977)
  • Jean Deschamps (delegate general) (1977–1979)
  • Yves Michaud (delegate general) (1979–1984)
  • Louise Beaudoin (delegate general) (1984–1985)
  • Claude Pug (delegate general) (1985–1986)
  • Jean-Louis Roy (delegate general) (1986–1990)
  • Marcel Bergeron (delegate general) (1990–1991)
  • André Dufour (delegate general) (1991–1994)
  • Claude Pug (delegate general) (1994–1995)
  • Marcel Masse (delegate general) (1995–1997)
  • Michel Lucier (delegate general) (1997–2000)
  • Clément Duhaime (delegate general) (2000–2005)
  • Wilfrid-Guy Licari (delegate general) (2005–2010)
  • Michel Robitaille (delegate general) (2010–present)
to Belgium
to Germany (Munich)
  • Claude Trudelle (delegate general) (as of 2016)[132]
to Japan
  • Claire Deronzier (delegate general) (2013–present)[132]
to Mexico
to the United States (New York City)
  • Charles Chartier (1940–1967)
  • Jean-Marc Roy (1967–1969)
  • Général Jean V. Allard (1969–1971)
  • Guy Poliquin (1971–1977)
  • Marcel Bergeron (delegate general) (1977–1980)
  • Richard Pouliot (delegate general) (1980–1982)
  • Raymond Gosselin (delegate general) (1982–1984)
  • Rita Dionne-Marsolais (delegate general) (1984–1987)
  • Léo Paré (delegate general) (1987–1992)
  • Reed Scowen (delegate general) (1992–1994)
  • Kevin Drummond (delegate general) (1994–1997)
  • David Levine (delegate general) (1997–1998)
  • Diane Wilhelmy (delegate general) (1998–2002)
  • Michel Robitaille (delegate general) (2002–2007)
  • Bruno Fortier (delegate general) (2007–2008)
  • Robert Keating (delegate general) (2008–2009)
  • John Parisella (delegate general) (2009–2012)
  • André Boisclair (delegate general) (2012–2013)
  • Dominique Poirier (delegate general) (2013–2014)
  • Jean-Claude Lauzon (delegate general) (2014–present)[132]

Agents-general for Saskatchewan

Jamaica

Source: Historic Jamaica.[137]

  • 1664–1666: Sir James Modyford
  • 1682–?: Sir Charles Lyttelton
  • William Beeston
  • 1688: Ralph Knight
  • Gilbert Heathcote
  • 1693–1704: Bartholomew Gracedieu
  • 1714: P. Marsh
  • 1725: Alexander Stephenson
  • 1725–1726: Edward Charlton
  • 1728–1733: Charles de la Foy
  • 1733: John Gregory
  • 1733–1757: John Sharpe
  • 1757–1762: Lovell Stanhope (MP for Winchester)
  • 1764–1795: Stephen Fuller
  • 1795–1803: Robert Sewell
  • 1803–1812: Edmund Pusey Lyon
  • 1812–1831: George Hibbert
  • 1831–1845: William Burge
  • 1845 Office abolished

Malta

With the granting of responsible self-government to Malta in 1921, a proposal of the government of Lord Strickland to appoint an agent-general to "encourage the migration of Maltese to the Northern Territory and north-west Australia" was presented to the parliament. Strickland, who was Governor of Western Australia (1909–1913) suggested former Colonial Secretary and Agent-General of Western Australia in London, Sir James Connolly.[138] The position was discontinued with the suspension of the constitution in November 1933 and was replaced by a Trade Commissioner, who was in turn replaced by a Commissioner-General in 1947.[139]

Agents-GeneralYearsNotes
Sir James Connolly30 January 1929 – 23 December 1932[140][141]
Constantine John Colombos (acting)23 December 1932 – 2 November 1933[142]

South Africa

Prior to the creation of the Union of South Africa in 1910, the four constituent British colonies of southern Africa all sent agents-general to London, coinciding with the establishment of responsible self-government in each colony.

Agent-general for the Orange River Colony

The Orange River Colony sent an agent-general from 1908 until the creation of the Union of South Africa in 1910. Brounger was a former Director of the Orange Free State Railways.

Agents-GeneralYearsNotes
Richard Ernest BroungerAugust 1908 – 31 May 1910[143]

Agent-general for the Transvaal Colony

The Transvaal Colony sent an agent-general from the establishment of responsible self-government in 1907 until the creation of the Union of South Africa in 1910. Solomon then served as the first South African High Commissioner in London from 1910 to 1913.

Agents-GeneralYearsNotes
Sir Richard Solomon3 May 1907 – 31 May 1910[144][145][146]

Agents-general for the Cape Colony

The Cape Colony sent separate agents-general until the creation of the Union of South Africa in 1910.

Agents-GeneralYearsNotes
Sir Charles MillsOctober 1882 – 31 March 1895[147]
Sir David Tennant1896 – 31 December 1901[148][149]
Sir Thomas Ekins Fuller1 January 1902 – 31 December 1907[150]
Sir Somerset Richard French1 January 1908 – 31 May 1910[151]

Agents-general for Natal

The Colony of Natal sent separate agents-general until the creation of the Union of South Africa in 1910.

Agents-GeneralYearsNotes
Sir Walter PeaceDecember 1893 – 28 January 1904[152]
Sir William Arbuckle1 November 1904 – November 1909[153][154][155]
Robert C. Russell (acting)November 1909 – 31 May 1910[156][157][158]

New Zealand
Main article: List of high commissioners of New Zealand to the United Kingdom

After 1905 the position of Agent-General was replaced by that of High Commissioner, with the final Agent-General becoming the first High Commissioner.

Agents-GeneralYearsNotes
Isaac Featherston1871 – 19 June 1876[159]
W. Tyrone Power (acting)1876[160]
Sir Julius Vogel1876–1880
Sir Dillon Bell1880–1891
Sir Westby Perceval1891–1895[161]
William Pember Reeves1895–1905

Nigerian regions
Signing the visitors' book at Nigeria House with Arthur Prest (left) and Alhaji Sa'adu Alanamu (right)

The First Nigerian agents-general to the United Kingdom were appointed in December 1959 and include:

  • Northern Region: Alhaji Sa'adu Alanamu
  • Eastern Region: Jonah Chinyere Achara
  • Western Region: Chief Akitoye Emmanuel Coker

The last Nigerian Agent-Generals in London were:

  • Northern Region: Baba Gana
  • Eastern Region: A. Ekukinam-Bassey
  • Western Region: Prince Delphus Adebayo Odubanjo
  • Mid-West Region: Josiah A.P. Oki

Notes
  1. MacLaren, Roy (1 January 2006). Commissions High: Canada in London, 1870–1971. McGill-Queen's Press. ISBN 9780773560123.
  2.  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Agent-General". Encyclopædia Britannica. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 374.
  3. "Ontario Appoints New Representative in Washington". Office of the Premier. 15 August 2013. Retrieved 26 September 2016.
  4. "AGENCY-GENERAL". The Sydney Morning Herald (29, 474). New South Wales, Australia. 22 June 1932. p. 13. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  5. "People and Fashion". The Australian Women's Weekly. 40 (2). Australia, Australia. 14 June 1972. p. 13. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  6. New South Wales (1972), A House in the Strand : a history of the site of New South Wales House, New South Wales Govt, retrieved 16 February 2018
  7. "Greiner admits broken promise on plum London post". The Canberra Times. 65 (20, 439). Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 29 March 1991. p. 3. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  8. Fahey, John; Carr, Bob (3 May 1994). "Former Agent-General Neil Pickard" (Hansard). Legislative Assembly. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
  9. "NSW Government Trade and Investment Office, London". Archives Investigator – Agency Detail. NSW Government State Records. Retrieved 8 October 2012.
  10. Risso, Angelo (1 September 2019). "NSW could revive UK agent-general role". The Canberra Times. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  11. Smith, Alexandra (1 September 2019). "'Throwback to colonial days': NSW considering reinstating plum posting in London". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  12. "RECALL OF THE AGENT-GENERAL". The Sydney Morning Herald (12, 953). New South Wales, Australia. 8 October 1879. p. 5. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  13. "SUMMARY OF NEWS FOR TRANSMISSION TO EUROPE, VIA SAN FRANCISCO". The Sydney Morning Herald (13, 002). New South Wales, Australia. 4 December 1879. p. 7. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  14. "The Sydney Morning Herald". The Sydney Morning Herald (13, 119). New South Wales, Australia. 19 April 1880. p. 4. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  15. "Government Gazette Appointments and Employment". New South Wales Government Gazette (427). New South Wales, Australia. 5 December 1879. p. 5373. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  16. "Government Gazette Appointments and Employment". New South Wales Government Gazette (326). New South Wales, Australia. 11 August 1880. p. 4117. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  17. "THE NEW SOUTH WALES AGENCY-GENERAL". The Sydney Morning Herald (18, 575). New South Wales, Australia. 27 September 1897. p. 5. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  18. "Government Gazette Appointments and Employment". New South Wales Government Gazette (770). New South Wales, Australia. 1 October 1897. p. 7072. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  19. "Government Gazette Appointments and Employment". New South Wales Government Gazette (84). New South Wales, Australia. 27 January 1899. p. 734. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  20. "SIR JULIAN SALOMONS". The Sydney Morning Herald (19, 044). New South Wales, Australia. 28 March 1899. p. 5. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  21. "The New Agent-General". Newcastle Morning Herald and Miners' Advocate (7544). New South Wales, Australia. 14 January 1899. p. 5. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  22. "RETURN OF SIR JULIAN SALOMONS". The Sydney Morning Herald (19, 459). New South Wales, Australia. 25 July 1900. p. 8. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  23. "Government Gazette Appointments and Employment". New South Wales Government Gazette (297). New South Wales, Australia. 3 April 1900. p. 2659. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  24. "THE NEW AGENT-GENERAL". The Sydney Morning Herald (19, 399). New South Wales, Australia. 16 May 1900. p. 7. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  25. "THE AGENT-GENERAL". The Sydney Morning Herald (20, 368). New South Wales, Australia. 20 June 1903. p. 8. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  26. "The Hon. Henry Copeland". The Sydney Mail And New South Wales Advertiser. LXIX (2072). New South Wales, Australia. 24 March 1900. p. 693. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  27. "Government Gazette Appointments and Employment". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales (360). New South Wales, Australia. 13 July 1903. p. 5253. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  28. "Government Gazette Appointments and Employment". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales (466). New South Wales, Australia. 23 August 1904. p. 6439. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  29. "THE AGENT-GENERAL". The Sydney Morning Herald (20, 383). New South Wales, Australia. 8 July 1903. p. 7. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  30. "THE AGENT-GENERALSHIP". The Sydney Morning Herald (20, 877). New South Wales, Australia. 3 February 1905. p. 7. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  31. "Government Gazette Appointments and Employment". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales (87). New South Wales, Australia. 17 February 1905. p. 1119. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  32. "MR. T. A. COGHLAN". The Sydney Morning Herald (20, 927). New South Wales, Australia. 3 April 1905. p. 7. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  33. "Government Gazette Appointments and Employment". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales (92). New South Wales, Australia. 26 May 1915. p. 2917. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  34. "MR. B. R. WISE". The Sydney Morning Herald (24, 558). New South Wales, Australia. 21 September 1916. p. 9. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  35. "DEATH OF MR. WISE". The Sydney Morning Herald (24, 559). New South Wales, Australia. 22 September 1916. p. 6. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  36. "ACTING AGENT-GENERAL". The Sydney Morning Herald (24, 559). New South Wales, Australia. 22 September 1916. p. 6. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  37. "Government Gazette Appointments and Employment". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales (67). New South Wales, Australia. 4 May 1917. p. 2335. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  38. "AGENT-GENERAL". The Sydney Morning Herald (24, 749). New South Wales, Australia. 2 May 1917. p. 10. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  39. "SIR CHARLES WADE, K.C.M.G." The Sydney Morning Herald (25, 713). New South Wales, Australia. 3 June 1920. p. 6. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  40. "AGENT-GENERAL". The Sydney Morning Herald (25, 611). New South Wales, Australia. 5 February 1920. p. 6. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  41. "MR. D. R. HALL". The Sydney Morning Herald (25, 677). New South Wales, Australia. 22 April 1920. p. 7. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  42. "Government Gazette Appointments and Employment". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales (89). New South Wales, Australia. 7 May 1920. p. 2713. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  43. "AGENCY-GENERAL". The Sydney Morning Herald (25, 691). New South Wales, Australia. 8 May 1920. p. 13. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  44. "Government Gazette Appointments and Employment". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales (24). New South Wales, Australia. 16 February 1925. p. 984. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  45. "Government Gazette Appointments and Employment". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales (24). New South Wales, Australia. 16 February 1925. p. 984. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  46. "SIR ARTHUR COCKS". Newcastle Morning Herald And Miners' Advocate (15, 084). New South Wales, Australia. 17 February 1925. p. 5. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  47. "AGENT-GENERAL". The Sydney Morning Herald (27, 311). New South Wales, Australia. 17 July 1925. p. 10. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  48. "SIR ARTHUR COCKS". The Sydney Morning Herald (27, 367). New South Wales, Australia. 21 September 1925. p. 11. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  49. "Government Gazette Appointments and Employment". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales (139). New South Wales, Australia. 16 October 1925. p. 4472. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  50. "SUDDEN DEATH". The Sydney Morning Herald (27, 558). New South Wales, Australia. 3 May 1926. p. 11. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  51. "MR. McTIERNAN". The Sydney Morning Herald (27, 558). New South Wales, Australia. 3 May 1926. p. 11. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  52. "STATE'S REPRESENTATIVE IN LONDON". The Sydney Morning Herald (27, 558). New South Wales, Australia. 3 May 1926. p. 12. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  53. "Government Gazette Appointments and Employment". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales (82). New South Wales, Australia. 18 June 1926. p. 2604. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  54. "AGENT-GENERAL". The Sydney Morning Herald (27, 595). New South Wales, Australia. 15 June 1926. p. 9. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  55. "NEW AGENT-GENERAL". The Sydney Morning Herald (27, 595). New South Wales, Australia. 15 June 1926. p. 8. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  56. "AGENT-GENERAL". The Sydney Morning Herald (27, 596). New South Wales, Australia. 16 June 1926. p. 13. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  57. "THE CABINET". The Sydney Morning Herald (28, 042). New South Wales, Australia. 19 November 1927. p. 17. Retrieved 16 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
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Bibliography
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