1860 in the United Kingdom

1860 in the United Kingdom

Other years

1858 | 1859 | 1860 | 1861 | 1862

Sport

1860 English cricket season

Events from the year 1860 in the United Kingdom.

Incumbents

• Monarch – Victoria
• Prime Minister – Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Liberal)
• Parliament – 18th

Events

• 1 January – Cray Wanderers Football Club formed in St Mary Cray, north Kent.
• 25 January – HMS Prince of Wales, a 121-gun screw-propelled first-rate ship of the line is launched at Portsmouth Dockyard.
• February – Royal Commission on the Defence of the United Kingdom recommends erection of the Palmerston Forts.
• 27 February – paddle steamer Nimrod is wrecked off St David's Head in Wales and 45 people are killed.
• 28 February – the Artists Rifles is established, as the 38th Middlesex (Artists) Rifle Volunteer Corps, with headquarters at Burlington House in London.[1]
• March – Food and Drink Act, 1860 prohibits the adulteration of certain foodstuffs.[2]
• 7 March – HMS Howe, the Royal Navy’s last, largest and fastest wooden first-rate three-decker ship of the line, is launched at Pembroke Dockyard but never completed for sea service.
• 17 March – First Taranaki War between Maoris and British colonists in New Zealand begins.[2]
• 17 April – one of the last major bare-knuckle boxing matches in England, between Tom Sayers and the American John C. Heenan at Farnborough, Hampshire, ends in a draw as police break up the event.[2]
• 22 April – Eastbourne manslaughter.
• 9 July – the Nightingale Training School and Home for Nurses, the first nursing school based on the ideas of Florence Nightingale, is opened at St Thomas' Hospital in London.
• 22 August – the British navy assists the troops of Giuseppe Garibaldi to cross from Sicily to the mainland of Italy.
• 30 August – the first street trams in Britain are introduced in Birkenhead.[3]
• October – John Hanning Speke and James Augustus Grant leave Zanzibar to search for source of the Nile.
• 5 October – Austria, Britain, France, Prussia and the Ottoman Empire form a commission to investigate causes of the massacres of Maronite Christians, committed by Druzes in Lebanon earlier in the year.
• 17 October – the first professional golf tournament is held at Prestwick in Scotland,[3][4] sometimes regarded as the first Open, although it is not truly open until the following year.[2]
• 18 October – Second Opium War:
  • Lord Elgin orders his forces to set fire to the huge complex of Beijing's Old Summer Palace, known as the Gardens of Perfect Brightness, which burns to the ground.
  • The first Convention of Peking formally ends the War.
• November – the 'Temporary Home for Lost and Starving Dogs', predecessor of the Battersea Dogs and Cats Home, is established in London by Mary Tealby.
• 1 December
  • Charles Dickens publishes the first installment of Great Expectations in his magazine All the Year Round.
  • The sixth underground explosion in the Risca Black Vein Pit at Crosskeys in the Sirhowy Valley of Monmouthshire kills 142 coal miners.[5][6]
• 29 December – the world's first ocean-going (all) iron-hulled and armoured battleship, HMS Warrior is launched on the Thames.[3]
• Approximate date – first recorded fish and chip shops in the UK, Joseph Malin's in London[7] and John Lees' in Mossley near Oldham, Lancashire.[8]

Publications

• Wilkie Collins' novel The Woman in White.
• Charles Dickens's novel Great Expectations (serialisation begins).
• George Eliot's novel The Mill on the Floss.
• Thomas Love Peacock's last novel Gryll Grange (serialisation).
• Robert Smith Surtees' comic novel Plain or Ringlets? (concludes publication).
• Anthony Trollope's novel Framley Parsonage (serialisation in the new Cornhill Magazine).
• The collection of broad-church essays on Christianity Essays and Reviews.
• The Western Morning News is first published (Plymouth, 3 January).[9]

Births

• 8 January – Emma Booth-Tucker, Salvationist (died 1903 in the United States)
• 21 February – Goscombe John, Welsh sculptor (died 1952)
• 25 February – William Ashley, economic historian (died 1927)
• 6 March – Frederick George Jackson, Arctic explorer (died 1938)
• 22 March – John George Bartholomew, Scottish cartographer (died 1920)
• 9 April – Emily Hobhouse, humanitarian, feminist and pacifist (died 1926)
• 2 May
  • William Bayliss, physiologist (died 1924)
  • John Scott Haldane, Scottish physiologist (died 1936)
  • D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson, Scottish biologist (died 1948)
• 7 May – Tom Norman, showman (died 1930)
• 9 May – J. M. Barrie, author (died 1937)
• 30 May – Archibald Thorburn, wildlife painter (died 1935)
• 6 June – William Inge, dean and theologian (died 1954)
• 13 June – Lancelot Speed, illustrator (died 1931)
• 25 June – Sutherland Macdonald, tattoo artist (died 1942)
• 22 July – Frederick Rolfe, writer and artist (died 1913)
• 31 July – George Warrender, admiral (died 1917)
• 3 August – W. K. Dickson, inventor (died 1935)
• 5 August – Louis Wain, humorous artist (died 1939)
• 7 August – Alan Leo, born William F. Allan, astrologer (died 1917)
• 8 December – Amanda McKittrick Ros, born Anna McKittrick, Irish novelist and poet noted for her purple prose (died 1939)
• 20 December – Dan Leno, music hall comedian (died 1904)

Deaths

• 1 January – Thomas Hobbes Scott, clergyman (born 1783)
• 27 January – Thomas Brisbane, astronomer (born 1773)
• 17 March – Anna Brownell Jameson, cultural historian (born 1794)
• 25 March – James Braid, surgeon (born 1795)
• 4 May – William Ormsby-Gore, politician (born 1779)
• 12 May – Sir Charles Barry, architect (born 1795)
• 16 May – Anne Isabella Milbanke, wife of George Gordon Byron, 6th Baron Byron (born 1792)
• 29 June – Thomas Addison, physician (born 1793)
• 17 July – Betsi Cadwaladr, Crimea nurse (born 1789)
• 3 August – Henry Wyndham, British Army General and Conservative Party politician (born 1790)
• 12 October – Sir Harry Smith, 1st Baronet, military commander (born 1787)
• 31 October – Thomas Cochrane, 10th Earl of Dundonald, admiral (born 1775)
• 14 December – George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born 1784)

References

1. "Artists Rifles Association". 2006–2008. Retrieved 14 August 2013.
2. Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 281–282. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
3. Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
4. "The Open Championship – More Scottish than British". PGA Tour official website. Archived from the original on 2 October 2012. Retrieved 5 December 2008.
5. Jukes, Tony. "The development of Risca". Risca Industrial History Museum & OHIHS. Archived from the original on 29 September 2013. Retrieved 18 October 2010.
6. "Risca Colliery". CoalHouse. BBC. 2008. Retrieved 18 October 2010.
7. Rayner, Jay (19 January 2003). "Enduring Love". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
8. Hyslop, Leah (30 October 2013). "Potted histories: fish and chips". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
9. Moseley, Brian (May 2011). "Western Morning News". The Encyclopaedia of Plymouth History. Plymouth Data. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 13 February 2015.

See also

• List of Acts of Parliament of the United Kingdom Parliament, 1860-1879
• 1860 in Scotland