1821 in the United Kingdom
Events from the year 1821 in the United Kingdom. This is a census year.
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Incumbents
- Monarch – George IV
- Prime Minister – Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool (Tory)
- Parliament – 7th
Events
The coronation banquet for George IV
- 16 January – the Tories under Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool win the general election which had begun in 1820.
- 2 February – Cinderloo Uprising: Shropshire Yeomanry fire on a crowd of miners striking over a pay cut in the Coalbrookdale Coalfield, killing three.[1]
- 18 February – launch of the New Observer newspaper, later to become The Sunday Times.[2]
- April/May – John Constable completes his painting The Hay Wain.[3]
- 5 May – The Guardian newspaper founded as The Manchester Guardian.[2]
- 7 May – Bank of England returns to the gold standard.[4]
- 28 May – the national census is the first to measure age distribution and reveals that almost half of the population is under twenty years old.[5] Over the preceding decade in England and Wales the population has increased by 18%.
- 4 July – redesigned Haymarket Theatre opens in London.[4]
- 19 July – George IV is crowned king of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.[6] His estranged wife, Caroline of Brunswick, is turned away from the coronation ceremony. This is the last coronation at which the full ceremony of the King's Champion is carried out, and at which dillegrout is served.
- 31 July – opening of the Eau Brink Cut, improving the outfall of the River Great Ouse at King's Lynn in Norfolk. Engineers working on the project included John Rennie the Elder, Thomas Telford and Thomas Hyde Page.[7]
- undated – Elizabeth Fry and others establish the British Ladies' Society for Promoting the Reformation of Female Prisoners, an early example of a national women's organisation.
Publications
- Thomas De Quincey's autobiographical Confessions of an English Opium-Eater (anonymously in The London Magazine).
- Walter Scott's novel Kenilworth.
- Percy Bysshe Shelley's elegy Adonais.
Births
- 3 February – Elizabeth Blackwell, abolitionist and women's rights activist (died 1910)
- 17 February – Lola Montez, dancer and mistress of Ludwig I of Bavaria (died 1861 (United States))
- 15 March – William Milligan, theologian (died 1893)
- 19 March – Richard Francis Burton, explorer (died 1890)
- 3 April – T. Pelham Dale, mystic (died 1892)
- 27 April – Henry Willis, organ builder (died 1901)
- 11 October – George Williams, founder of the YMCA (died 1905)
- 30 November – Frederick Temple, Archbishop of Canterbury (died 1902)
- 11 December – George Granville Bradley, divine and scholar (died 1903)
Deaths
- 23 February – John Keats, poet (born 1795)
- 4 March – Princess Elizabeth of Clarence daughter of William, Duke of Clarence (later King William IV) (born 1820)
- 7 August – Caroline of Brunswick, queen consort of King George IV (born 1768)
- 4 October – John Rennie the Elder, civil engineer (born 1761)
- November - Alexander Gordon, distiller (born 1742)
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gollark: ```[15] ⍝ LoadSQL 'Xtreme Sample Database 2005' 'Orders' '?' ⍝ fetch all info for table 'Orders'[16] ⍝ LoadSQL 'Northwind' 'Products' ⍝ Fetch the entire Orders table from the NorthWind data source[17] ⍝ LoadSQL 'Northwind' 'Products' ('ProductName' 'UnitPrice') ⍝ Fetch 2 columns[18] ⍝ LoadSQL 'Northwind' 'select first(ProductName), sum(Quantity) from "Order Details" O, Products P where p.ProductID=o.ProductID group by p.ProductID'[19][20] ⎕IO ⎕ML←1 0[21][22] eis←{,(⊂⍣((0≠⊃⍴,⍵)∧1=≡⍵))⍵} ⍝ Enclose if simple and not empty[23][24] (source sql columns)←3↑(eis args),⍬ ⍬ ⍬[25] connected←0[26][27] :If 9≠⎕NC'SQA' ⍝ Bring in local copy of SQAPL if not present[28] ⎕SHADOW'SQA' ⋄ 'SQA'⎕CY'SQAPL'[29] :EndIf[30][31] step←'Initialize SQAPL'[32] →(0<1⊃r←SQA.Init'')⍴ERROR[33][34] step←'Make Connection'[35][36] :If (⊂source)∊conn←⊃¨2 2⊃SQA.Tree'.' ⍝ Already connected[37] conn←source[38] :Else[39] source←eis source[40] conn←1⊃((⊂'LoadSQL'),¨⍕¨⍳1+⍴conn)~conn[41] →(0<1⊃r←SQA.Connect(⊂conn),source)⍴ERROR[42] connected←1 ⍝ Since we made a connection, remember to close[43] :EndIf```
gollark: You may laugh now...
References
- "About Cinderloo". Cinderloo Remembered. Retrieved 9 August 2019.
- "Concise History of the British Newspaper in the Nineteenth Century". Archived from the original on 24 February 2008. Retrieved 17 March 2008.
- "Icons, a portrait of England 1820–1840". Archived from the original on 22 September 2007. Retrieved 12 September 2007.
- Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 251–252. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- "1821". 2011 Census. 2011. Archived from the original on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 13 February 2011.
- Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
- Hills, Richard L. (1967). Machines, Mills and uncountable costly necessities: a short history of the drainage of the Fens. Norwich: Goose & Sons.
Further reading
- New Annual Register...for 1821, London: Longman, 1822
External links
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