Baigts-de-Béarn

Baigts-de-Béarn is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of south-western France.

Baigts-de-Béarn
Commune
Location of Baigts-de-Béarn
Baigts-de-Béarn
Baigts-de-Béarn
Coordinates: 43°30′46″N 0°50′14″W
CountryFrance
RegionNouvelle-Aquitaine
DepartmentPyrénées-Atlantiques
ArrondissementPau
CantonOrthez et Terres des Gaves et du Sel
IntercommunalityLacq-Orthez
Government
 • Mayor (2014–2020) Guy Pemartin
Area
1
13.53 km2 (5.22 sq mi)
Population
 (2017-01-01)[1]
876
 • Density65/km2 (170/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
64087 /64300
Elevation28–167 m (92–548 ft)
(avg. 111 m or 364 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Batchois or Batchoises.[2]

Geography

Baigts-de-Béarn is located some 6 km north-west of Orthez and 23 km east of Peyrehorade. The western part of the northern border of the commune is also the departmental border between Pyrénées-Atlantiques and Landes. Access to the commune is by road D817 from Puyoô in the west which passes through the south of the commune and the village and continues south-east to Orthez. The D415 (the old Route Imperiale) branches from the D817 west of the commune and passes through the village before continuing east to Orthez. The D315 goes north from the village then east to Saint-Boès. The D915 goes north from the D315 to Saint-Girons-en-Béarn. The A64 autoroute passes through the southern tip of the commune but there is no exit with the nearest exit being Exit  7  some 3 km west of the commune. The commune is mostly farmland with scattered forests.[3]

The Gave de Pau forms the southern border of the commune as it flows west to join the Gave d'Oloron at Peyrehorade. Numerous streams rise in the commune and flow south to join the Gave de Pau including the Ruisseau de Montlong. The Ruisseau de Lataillade forms the northern border of the commune as it flows west and forms part of the departmental border with Landes before joining the Gave de Pau west of Puyoô. The Arriou de Bardj rises in the north of the commune and flows west then south to join the Gave de Pau east of Ramous.

Places and hamlets
  • Arritor
  • Balagué
  • Barroumères
  • Bassot
  • Bellevue (château)
  • Bergeras
  • Bernet
  • Bizens
  • Bordenave
  • Bourdieu
  • Brana
  • Brau[4]
  • Capdebielle
  • Cassecour
  • Castéra
  • Castillon[4]
  • Caubraque
  • Caupet
  • Cossou
  • Cuyoula
  • Domblides
  • Fayet
  • Gassiou
  • Gayou
  • Les Glycines
  • Grihou
  • Hau
  • Hourquebie
  • Hourquérou
  • Hourquet
  • Hours
  • Labasse[4]
  • Labiste
  • Laborde
  • Laboudigue
  • Lacabanne
  • Lacarrère
  • Lacrouts
  • Lagouarde
  • Lagourque
  • Lahéouguère
  • Lalanne
  • Lanuque
  • Latéoulère
  • Laulhé
  • Loustaunau
  • Luns
  • Martimour
  • Mongay
  • Mousquès
  • Panaut
  • Parrabéou
  • Pédeboscq
  • Petit
  • Peyrou
  • Pierroulin
  • Pitche
  • Planté
  • Pommes
  • Poublan
  • Pourret
  • Régis
  • Rey
  • Riche
  • Saint-Laurent
  • Sére
  • Temple
  • Tilhète
  • Toucayré
  • Touriangle (château)

Neighbouring communes and villages

Toponymy

The commune name in béarnais is Vaths de Bearn.

The name Baigts means "valley" in Gascon but, according to Michel Grosclaude[5] that meaning is to be avoided. According to him Baigts comes from the Gascon vaths which is derived from vallis meaning "hollow" or "depression" or from vallum meaning "palisade" or "entrenchment". In the old village there is a Rue de l'Embarrat meaning "fortified redoubt".

The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.

NameSpellingDateSourcePageOriginDescription
BaigtsBaigs13th centuryRaymond
19
Fors de BéarnVillage
Baigx1318Raymond
19
Béarn
Bags1343Raymond
19
Béarn
Bachs1505Raymond
19
Garos
Batz1540Raymond
19
Reformation
Vagtz1548Raymond
19
Reformation
Baitz1582Raymond
19
Alienations
Baigts1750Cassini
BaziartBessiart1540Raymond
25
ReformationFarm
BrauLo Brau1540Raymond
36
ReformationFarm
Braü1863Raymond
36
CastillonCastelhoo-Susoo1385Raymond
46
CensusFief, vassal of the Viscounts of Béarn
Castilhon1682Raymond
46
Reformation
LabasseLa Basse1540Raymond
87
ReformationFarm
LacoumayouCau-Mayor1385Raymond
89
CensusFarm
La Caumayo1540RaymondReformation
Le Petit-HameauLe Petit-Hameau1863Raymond
75
Hamlet
PortesPortes1385Raymond
138
CensusFief, vassal of the Viscounts of Béarn and dependent on the bailiwick of Rivière-Gave
Portas de Bags1538Raymond
138
Reformation
Turon de CastéraLe Touron de Castéra1675Raymond
169
ReformationMoor

Sources:

Origins:

  • Fors de Béarn[7]
  • Béarn: Titles of Béarn,[8]
  • Garos: Notaries of Garos[9]
  • Reformation: Reformation of Béarn[10]
  • Alienations: Alienations of the Diocese of Dax[11]
  • Census: Census of Béarn[12]

History

Paul Raymond noted on page 19 of his 1863 dictionary that the commune depended on the Diocese of Dax and was the capital of the Notary of Rivière-Gave, the name of an arch-priesthood of the diocese of Dax which gave its name to the Gave de Pau. In 1385 the commune had 59 fires.[4]

Administration

List of Successive Mayors[13]

FromToNamePartyPosition
19952014Christian Palette
20142020Guy Pemartin

(Not all data is known)

Inter-communality

The commune is part of three inter-communal structures:

  • the Community of communes of Lacq-Orthez;
  • the water and sanitation association of Trois Cantons;
  • the Energy association of Pyrénées-Atlantiques;

Demography

In 2010 the commune had 811 inhabitants. The evolution of the number of inhabitants is known from the population censuses conducted in the commune since 1793. From the 21st century, a census of communes with fewer than 10,000 inhabitants is held every five years, unlike larger communes that have a sample survey every year.[Note 1]

Population change (See database)
1793 1800 1806 1821 1831 1836 1841 1846 1851
935 934 995 1,033 995 980 1,000 1,028 1,003
1856 1861 1866 1872 1876 1881 1886 1891 1896
1,010 1,001 1,003 905 893 913 913 866 830
1901 1906 1911 1921 1926 1931 1936 1946 1954
849 848 806 743 735 690 641 623 576
1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2010 -
633 621 677 744 777 739 773 811 -
Population of Baigts-de-Béarn

Economy

In addition to an economy focused on agriculture (livestock and corn), the commune has a hydroelectric plant.

The commune is part of the appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) zone of Béarn.

Culture and heritage

Civil heritage
  • The Chateau of Bellevue is a nursing hoem for disabled workers.

Religious heritage
  • The Parish Church of Saint Vincent and Saint Bartholomew (17th century) is registered as an historical monument.[14]

Facilities

The commune has a primary school.

See also

Notes
  1. At the beginning of the 21st century, the methods of identification have been modified by Law No. 2002-276 of 27 February 2002 Archived 6 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine, the so-called "law of local democracy" and in particular Title V "census operations" allows, after a transitional period running from 2004 to 2008, the annual publication of the legal population of the different French administrative districts. For communes with a population greater than 10,000 inhabitants, a sample survey is conducted annually, the entire territory of these communes is taken into account at the end of the period of five years. The first "legal population" after 1999 under this new law came into force on 1 January 2009 and was based on the census of 2006.

References
  1. "Populations légales 2017". INSEE. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
  2. Inhabitants of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  3. Google Maps
  4. Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 (in French)
  5. Michel Grosclaude, Toponymic Dictionary of communes, Béarn, Edicions reclams & Édition Cairn - 2006, 416 pages, ISBN 2 35068 005 3 (in French)
  6. Cassini Map 1750 – Baigts-de-Béarn
  7. Manuscript from the 14th century in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  8. Titles of the Viscounts of Béarn in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  9. Notaries of Garos in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  10. Manuscript from the 16th to 18th centuries - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  11. Registers of alienations from the old Imperial Library in the Bibliothèque nationale de France (in French)
  12. Manuscript from the 14th century - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  13. List of Mayors of France (in French)
  14. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000622 Parish Church of Saint Vincent and Saint Bartholomew (in French)
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