Arhansus

Arhansus (Basque: Arhantsusi) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of south-western France.

Arhansus

Arhantsusi
Commune
Arhansus sign
Location of Arhansus
Arhansus
Arhansus
Coordinates: 43°15′30″N 1°02′04″W
CountryFrance
RegionNouvelle-Aquitaine
DepartmentPyrénées-Atlantiques
ArrondissementBayonne
CantonPays de Bidache, Amikuze et Ostibarre
IntercommunalityCA Pays Basque
Government
 • Mayor (2014-2020) Christine Erdozaincy-Etchart
Area
1
5.32 km2 (2.05 sq mi)
Population
 (2017-01-01)[1]
74
 • Density14/km2 (36/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
64045 /64120
Elevation60–370 m (200–1,210 ft)
(avg. 291 m or 955 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Arhantsusiar[2][3] or Arhantsusitar.[3]

Geography
The Bidouze at Arhansus

Arhansus is located in the former basque province of Lower Navarre some 10 km south of Saint-Palais and 8 km north-east of Larceveau-Arros-Cibits. Access to the commune is solely by country roads with at least two country roads connecting the village to the D933 road from Larceveau-Arros-Cibrits to Uhart-Mixe which passes outside and parallel to the western border of the commune. The commune consists almost entirely of farmland with a few small patches of forest.[4]

The Bidouze river forms the western border of the commune flowing north with two small streams rising in the commune and joining it. One stream is the northern border of the commune.[4]

Places and Hamlets[5]
  • Aguerrengoyhenko Borda (ruins)
  • Bidartia
  • Bordaberria
  • Carricondoa
  • Castellu Cahara[6] or Gastelusare[7]
  • Charcoa
  • Cuçuluteguia
  • Elgartia
  • Etchessaria
  • Eyhera
  • Eyheraberria
  • Goyhenetchea
  • Haramberria
  • Harispouria
  • Hirrundoya
  • Inchaurrague
  • Ithurbidia
  • Larrondoa
  • Lastapia
  • Mendionda
  • Olieta
  • Portasanse[8]
  • Solaquia
  • Uligainia

Toponymy

The commune's name in basque is Arhantsusi[3] (or Arhantsuse[9]). The name is based on the basque radical Arhan-, Arran- from where Arhantz is derived[10] but the etymology "where blackthorn abounds"[11] is uncertain.[10]

The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.

NameSpellingDateSourcePageOriginDescription
ArhansusSanctus stephanus de aranchiis1160Orpustan
93
Village
Aranchus1160Orpustan
93
Arhanssus1291Orpustan
93
Eransus1305Orpustan
93
Aransus1305Orpustan
93
Arhansus1365Orpustan
93
Arhansus1413Orpustan
93
Aransus1513Raymond
10
Pamplona
Aransusi1621Orpustan
93
L'EldurneL'Eldurne1863Raymond
58
Stream, tributary of the Bidouze crossing Arhansus
EtchepareEtchepare1863Raymond
63
Fief, under the Kingdom of Navarre
EtcheverryEtcheverry1863Raymond
63
Fief, under the Kingdom of Navarre
Gaztelu ZaharGastellusahar1750CassiniMountain between Arhansus and Juxue
Gastelluçar1863Raymond
68

Sources:

Origins:

History

Heraldry
Arms of the Arhansus family
 Blazon of the Arhansus Family of Lower Navarre

Blazon:
Gules, 15 billets Or at orle.

Arms of the Etchepare (Arhansus) family
 Blazon of the Etchepare (Arhansus) Family - former fief of the Kingdom of Navarre

Blazon:
Party per fesse, 1 Or, 2 Gules with a crescent inverted Argent.

Administration
Arhansus Town Hall
The fronton

List of Successive Mayors[14]

FromToNamePartyPosition
20012014Marc Arrachou
20142020Christine Erdozaincy-Etchart

(Not all data is known)

Inter-communality

Arhansus is part of seven inter-communal structures:

  • the Community of communes of Iholdi-Ostibarre;
  • the AEP association of Ostabaret;
  • the Energy association of Pyrénées-Atlantiques;
  • the inter-communal association for the single purpose of Oztibarre Garbi;
  • the inter-communal association for the development and management of the slaughterhouse at Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port;
  • the association for the operation of schools in Ostibarret;
  • the association to support Basque culture.

Demography

In 2009 the commune had 74 inhabitants. The evolution of the number of inhabitants is known from the population censuses conducted in the commune since 1793. From the 21st century, a census of communes with fewer than 10,000 inhabitants is held every five years, unlike larger towns that have a sample survey every year.[Note 1]

Population change (See database)
1793 1800 1806 1821 1831 1836 1841 1846 1851
193 159 190 171 187 213 192 181 177
1856 1861 1866 1872 1876 1881 1886 1891 1896
163 137 150 125 146 136 120 99 115
1901 1906 1911 1921 1926 1931 1936 1946 1954
122 117 125 121 115 114 124 131 116
1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2009 -
109 95 102 97 98 81 72 74 -
Population of Arhansus

Economy

Economic activity is mainly agricultural. the commune is part of the Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) zone of Ossau-iraty.

Culture and Heritage
An old farm

Civil Heritage

Several sites in Arhansus are registered as historical monuments:

Religious Heritage
The Church of Saint-Étienne

The Parish Church of Saint-Étienne (15th century) is registered as an historical monument.[16]

The Church
  • Stained Glass
  • Relief

Hilarri in Arhansus

See also

Notes and references

Notes
  1. At the beginning of the 21st century, the methods of identification have been modified by Law No. 2002-276 of 27 February 2002 Archived 6 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine, the so-called "law of local democracy" and in particular Title V "census operations" allows, after a transitional period running from 2004 to 2008, the annual publication of the legal population of the different French administrative districts. For communes with a population greater than 10,000 inhabitants, a sample survey is conducted annually, the entire territory of these communes is taken into account at the end of the period of five years. The first "legal population" after 1999 under this new law came into force on 1 January 2009 and was based on the census of 2006.

References
  1. "Populations légales 2017". INSEE. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
  2. Brigitte Jobbé-Duval, Dictionary of place names - Pyrénées-Atlantiques, 2009, Archives and Culture, ISBN 978-2-35077-151-9 (in French)
  3. Euskaltzaindia - Academy of the Basque language
  4. Google Maps
  5. Géoportail, IGN (in French)
  6. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA00084316 Protohistoric Camp at Castellu Cahara (in French)
  7. Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 (in French)
  8. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA00084414 Protohistoric Camp at Portasanse (in French)
  9. Pierre Lhande, Dictionary Basque-French, 1926 (in French)
  10. Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, New Basque Toponymy, Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2006, p. 93 ISBN 2 86781 396 4 (in French)
  11. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000791 Presentation of the commune of Arhansus (in French)
  12. Cassini Map 1750 – Arhansus
  13. Titles published by don José Yanguas y Miranda (in Spanish)
  14. List of Mayors of France (in French)
  15. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000820 Houses and Farms (in French)
  16. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000767 Parish Church of Saint-Étienne (in French)
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