Roger Wicker

Roger Frederick Wicker (born July 5, 1951) is an American attorney and politician who is the senior United States Senator from Mississippi, in office since 2007. A member of the Republican Party, Wicker previously served as a member of the United States House of Representatives and the Mississippi State Senate.

"Senator Wicker" redirects here. For the Virginia state senate member, see John J. Wicker Jr.

Roger Wicker
United States senator
from Mississippi
Assumed office
December 31, 2007
Serving with Cindy Hyde-Smith
Preceded byTrent Lott
Chair of the Senate Commerce Committee
Assumed office
January 3, 2019
Preceded byJohn Thune
Chair of the National Republican Senatorial Committee
In office
January 3, 2015 – January 3, 2017
LeaderMitch McConnell
Preceded byJerry Moran
Succeeded byCory Gardner
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Mississippi's 1st district
In office
January 3, 1995 – December 31, 2007
Preceded byJamie Whitten
Succeeded byTravis Childers
Member of the Mississippi Senate
from the 6th district
In office
January 5, 1988 – January 3, 1995
Preceded byConstituency established
Succeeded byAlan Nunnelee
Personal details
Born
Roger Frederick Wicker

(1951-07-05) July 5, 1951
Pontotoc, Mississippi, U.S.
Political partyRepublican
Spouse(s)
Gayle Long
(
m. 1975)
Children3
EducationUniversity of Mississippi (BA, JD)
WebsiteSenate website
Military service
Allegiance United States
Branch/service United States Air Force
Years of service1976–2004
Rank Lieutenant colonel
UnitAir Force Judge Advocate General's Corps

Born in Pontotoc, Mississippi, Wicker is a graduate of the University of Mississippi and the University of Mississippi School of Law. Wicker was an officer in the United States Air Force from 1976 to 1980 and later served as a member of the United States Air Force Reserves from 1980 to 2003. During the 1980s, he worked as a political counselor to then-Congressman Trent Lott on the House Rules Committee. In 1987, Wicker was elected a member of the Mississippi State Senate representing the 6th district, which included Tupelo.

Wicker was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1994, succeeding long-time Democrat Jamie Whitten. Wicker served in the House from 1995 to 2007, when he was appointed to the Senate by Governor Haley Barbour to fill the seat vacated by Trent Lott. Wicker subsequently won a special election for the remainder of the term in 2008 and was reelected to a full term in 2012. Wicker served as chairman of the National Republican Senatorial Committee from 2015 to 2017 and is a deputy Republican whip. Wicker won reelection in 2018, defeating Democratic nominee David Baria.

Early life

Wicker was born on July 5, 1951, in Pontotoc, Mississippi, the son of Wordna Glen (née Threadgill) and Thomas Frederick Wicker. In 1967, the 16-year-old Wicker worked as a United States House of Representatives Page for Democratic Congressman Jamie L. Whitten of Mississippi's 1st congressional district.[1] He earned a bachelor's degree in journalism and political science and a J.D. degree from the University of Mississippi where he was a member of the Sigma Nu fraternity.[2] Wicker was the student body president at Ole Miss.[3]

After graduation, Wicker served as an officer in the United States Air Force from 1976 to 1980.[4][5] Starting in 1980, he was a member of the Air Force Reserve; he retired from the reserve in 2003 as a lieutenant colonel.[4] Wicker served as a judge advocate.[6]

Early political career
Representative Roger Wicker, 1995

Wicker began his political career in 1980 as House Rules Committee counsel to Republican Congressman Trent Lott.[1] He was then elected to the Mississippi State Senate in 1987, spending $25,000 to win the race.[1] He represented the 6th district from 1988 to 1994, which included Tupelo.

U.S. House of Representatives

Elections

In 1994, Democratic U.S. Representative Jamie L. Whitten declined to seek re-election; he had represented the 1st District for 54 years, longer than any other congressman at the time. Wicker ran to succeed him, spending $750,000 over the course of the election.[1] He finished first in a crowded six-way Republican primary with 7,156 votes (26.62%) and proceeded to a runoff with attorney Grant Fox, who received 5,208 votes (19.37%). Former U.S. Attorney Bob Whitwell finished 600 votes short of the runoff with 4,606 votes (17.14%), 1992 nominee Clyde E. Whitaker came fourth with 4,602 votes (17.12%), 1986 nominee Larry Cobb came fifth with 4,162 votes (15.48%) and 1990 nominee Bill Bowlin took the remaining 1,147 votes (4.27%).[7] In the runoff, Wicker defeated Fox by 11,905 votes (53.07%) to 10,527 (46.93%).[8]

In the general election, Wicker defeated Fulton attorney Bill Wheeler by 80,553 votes (63.06%) to 47,192 (36.94%),[9] making him the first Republican to represent the 1st district in over a century. However, this was not considered an upset, as the 1st has always been a rather conservative district (especially in the Memphis suburbs). The district had only supported the official Democratic candidate for president once since 1956, when Jimmy Carter carried the district in 1976. Although Whitten had a nearly unbreakable hold on the district, it had been considered very likely that he would be succeeded by a Republican once he retired.

Wicker was re-elected six times without serious difficulty, never dropping below 65 percent of the vote. In 2004, he was unopposed by a Democratic candidate, facing only Reform Party nominee Barbara Dale Washer, whom he defeated by 219,328 votes (79.01%) to 58,256 (20.99%).[10]

Tenure

Assuming office in 1995, he was President of the freshman class, which included 53 other new Republican Congressmen, elected as part of the 1994 "Republican Revolution".[1]

He was a member of the House Appropriations Committee. He was also deputy Republican whip.

In Congress, Wicker worked on issues related to medical research and on economic development for his home state. He advocated private-public partnerships to bring investment to rural areas. Wicker also worked for veterans' issues while serving as a member of the Military Construction and Veterans Affairs Subcommittee.[11] In his final year as representative, Wicker topped the list in earmarks.[12]

In 2007, Wicker was criticized after securing a $6 million earmark for a defense company whose executives had made significant contributions to his campaign.[13]

U.S. Senate

Committee Assignments, 115th Congress

Caucus memberships
  • Congressional Human Rights Caucus
  • Congressional Immigration Reform Caucus
  • International Conservation Caucus
  • Interstate 69 Caucus (Co-Chair)
  • Sportsmen's Caucus
  • Tennessee Valley Authority Congressional Caucus

Appointment

On November 26, 2007, U.S. Senator Trent Lott announced that he would resign before the end of the year to become a lobbyist. At a press conference on December 31, 2007, Mississippi Governor Haley Barbour appointed Wicker to fill the Senate seat vacated by Trent Lott on December 18, 2007.[14] He was sworn in by the clerk of the U.S. Senate just prior to that news conference.[15]

Elections

Wicker ran for the remainder of Lott's term in the November 2008 special election against Democrat Ronnie Musgrove, Barbour's predecessor as governor. Wicker defeated Musgrove by 683,409 votes (54.96%) to 560,064 (45.04%). Wicker's resignation from the House also triggered a May 13, 2008, special election to fill the vacancy in the House, which was won by Democratic nominee Travis Childers.

Wicker ran for re-election to a full term in 2012. He was opposed by Robert Maloney and Tea Party activist E. Allen Hathcock in the Republican primary, defeating them by 254,936 votes (89.17%) to 18,857 (6.60%) and 12,106 (4.23%), respectively.[16] In the general election, he defeated Albert Gore, the Chairman of the Oktibbeha County Democratic Party and a distant relative of former Vice President Al Gore, by 709,626 votes (57.16%) to 503,467 (40.55%).[17]

Tenure
U.S. Senator Roger F. Wicker meets with U.S. Senator Cindy Hyde-Smith of Mississippi in the Dirksen Senate Office building.
U.S. Senator Roger Wicker Speaks at Meridian International Center Summit 2018

On September 16, 2010, President Barack Obama announced his intent to nominate Wicker as representative of the United States to the Sixty-fifth Session of the General Assembly of the United Nations.[18]

Supreme Court Nominee Judge Brett Kavanaugh and U.S. Senator Roger Wicker

In the Senate, Wicker is a member of the Senate Republicans' whip team and has repeatedly introduced a bill to overturn Roe v. Wade, the Supreme Court decision legalizing abortion. Wicker called the health care overhaul the "great fight for the rest of this term, maybe our lifetimes" and later introduced a bill to enable state officials to challenge the law. In the interest of protecting gun owners, he amended a fiscal 2010 transportation spending bill to allow Amtrak passengers to carry firearms and ammunition in checked baggage.[19]

With Democratic Rep. Gene Taylor, he pushed amendments allowing purchasers of federal flood insurance to add wind coverage to their policies, helpful to a hurricane-prone state. As a member of the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe (Helsinki Commission) monitoring human rights and other issues, Wicker worked with Maryland Democratic Sen. Ben Cardin to push into law in late 2012 a bill imposing penalties on Russians accused of violating human rights. The measure led Russian President Vladimir Putin to announce a subsequent ban on U.S. adoptions of Russian-born children.[19]

In July 2013, Wicker proposed that the Senate meet to discuss a controversial change to filibuster rules. The Senate held the private meeting in the Old Senate chamber to discuss Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid's threat of the so-called "nuclear option", which would change the rules for Senate votes on President Obama's executive branch nominees. Wicker said he hoped the chamber's bipartisan past could serve as an inspiration for the debate about the nuclear option: "I think there are concessions that can be made on both sides. And then I would just hope that, institutionally, we can get away from this mindset."[20]

Wicker supported the Bipartisan Sportsmen's Act of 2014 (S. 2363; 113th Congress), a bill related to hunting, fishing, and outdoor recreation in the United States, aimed at improving "the public's ability to enjoy the outdoors."[21] He said that "Mississippians know the importance of efforts to preserve our natural resources for future generations."[21]

He was elected to serve as Chairman of the National Republican Senatorial Committee for the 114th U.S. Congress on November 13, 2014.[22]

Weeks after the 2014 Hong Kong class boycott campaign and Umbrella Movement broke out which demands genuine universal suffrage among other goals, Wicker among bipartisan colleagues joined U.S. Senator Sherrod Brown and Rep. Chris Smith's effort to introduce the Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act which would update the United States–Hong Kong Policy Act of 1992 and U.S. commitment to Hong Kong's freedom and democracy. "U.S. should stand steadfast with the people of Hong Kong in their fight to exercise self-determination," Wicker, vice-chairman of the Helsinki Commission said. "... speak with a unified American voice in support of universal freedom and democratic values. The Congress and the Obama Administration should act to ensure China honors its longstanding obligation under international law to maintain Hong Kong's autonomy."[23][24][25][26]

In March 2017, Wicker co-sponsored the Israel Anti-Boycott Act (s. 720), which made it a federal crime for Americans to encourage or participate in boycotts against Israel and Israeli settlements in the West Bank if protesting actions by the Israeli government.[27][28]

In May 2020, group of Senate Republicans is planning to introduce a privacy bill that would regulate the data collected by coronavirus contact tracing apps. The COVID-19 Consumer Data Protection Act would“ provide all Americans with more transparency, choice, and control over the collection and use of their personal health, geolocation, and proximity data,” according to a joint statement. Roger Wicker said the legislation also would “hold businesses accountable to consumers if they use personal data to fight the COVID-19 pandemic.” The act would permit the creation of “platforms that could trace the virus and help flatten the curve and stop the spread – and maintaining privacy protections for U.S. citizens,” Wicker said.[29]

Poisoning attempt
Main article: April 2013 ricin letters

On April 16, 2013, a letter addressed to Wicker tested positive for the poison ricin.[30] The letter was detected by postal officials and law enforcement and was prevented from reaching the Capitol.[31] The letter was tested three times, with each test confirming the presence of ricin.[31]

Political positions

As of December 2017, Wicker ranks 14th of 98 in the Bipartisan Index compiled by the Lugar Center, which reflects a low level of partisanship.[32]

Climate change

In 2015, Wicker was the only U.S. Senator to vote against an amendment declaring that climate change is real. Wicker, the incoming chairman of the National Republican Senatorial Committee, was the only no vote. The final vote was 98 to 1, with Senator Harry Reid, the Democratic leader from Nevada, not voting.[33] The amendment affirmed that "climate change is real and not a hoax."[34]

In 2017, he was one of 22 senators to sign a letter[35] to President Donald Trump urging the President to have the United States withdraw from the Paris Agreement. According to the Center for Responsive Politics, Wicker has received over $200,000 from the oil and gas industry since 2012.[36]

Gun law

Wicker's support for pro-gun legislation and gun rights has earned him an "A+" rating from the National Rifle Association (NRA). The NRA endorsed Wicker during the 2012 election.[37] Wicker has stated that he will filibuster any bill that he feels "infringes" on the Second Amendment, including weapon bans.[38] He has received $21,350 in funding from gun lobbyists for his political activities.[39]

In 2009, Wicker introduced a bill allowing Amtrak passengers to check unloaded and locked handguns in their luggage. The law passed 68-30. Wicker's rationale for the bill was that individuals were having their Second Amendment rights violated on a federally subsidized train system by not being allowed to bring their guns.[40]

One day after the 2015 San Bernardino attack, Wicker voted against a bill, co-sponsored by a Democrat and a Republican, that would make background checks mandatory when an individual bought a gun. He voted against it because he feared it would have "opened the door to a national gun registry."[41]

In 2017, Wicker voted in favor of "a joint resolution of disapproval aimed at former President Obama’s executive action requiring the Social Security Administration (SSA) place beneficiaries on the National Instant Criminal Background Check System “mental defective” list."[42]

Secularism

Wicker asked the United States Navy to deny the admission of a secular humanist to the Chaplain Corps, stating that: "It is troubling that the Navy could allow a self-avowed atheist to serve in the Chaplain Corps."[43]

ACU Rating

In the 2018 Congressional term, Senator Wicker received a score of 86 from the American Conservative Union. Overall, Senator Wicker has earned a lifetime rating of 84.[44] Compared to the Americans for Democratic Action which gave Senator Wicker a score of 0 for the term.

Electoral history
Official photo as U.S. Representative

The following is a partial summary of Wicker's election results.

2018 United States Senate election in Mississippi
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Roger Wicker (inc.) 547,619 58.49
Democratic David Baria 369,567 39.47
Libertarian Danny Bedwell 12,981 1.39
Reform Shawn O'Hara 6,048 0.65
Total votes 936,215 100.0
Republican hold
United States Senate election in Mississippi, 2018, Republican primary
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Roger Wicker (inc.) 130,118 82.79
Republican Richard Boyanton 27,052 17.21
Total votes 157,170 100.0
2012 United States Senate election in Mississippi
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Roger Wicker (inc.) 709,626 57.16
Democratic Albert Gore 503,467 40.55
Constitution Thomas Cramer 15,281 1.23
Reform Shawn O'Hara 13,194 1.06
Total votes 1,241,568 100.0
Republican hold
United States Senate election in Mississippi, 2012, Republican primary
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Roger Wicker (inc.) 254,936 89.17
Republican Robert Maloney 18,857 6.6
Republican Allen Hathcock 12,106 4.23
Total votes 1,241,568 100.0
2008 United States Senate special election in Mississippi
Party Candidate Votes %
Nonpartisan Roger Wicker (inc.) 683,409 54.96
Nonpartisan Ronnie Musgrove 560,064 45.04
Total votes 1,243,473 100.0
Republican hold
2006 Mississippi 1st District United States Congressional election
Roger Wicker (R) (inc.) 66%
Ken Hurt (D) 34%
2004 Mississippi 1st District United States Congressional election
Roger Wicker (R) (inc.) 79%
Barbara Dale Washer (Reform) 21%
1994 Mississippi 1st District United States Congressional election
Roger Wicker (R) 63%
Bill Wheeler (D) 37%

Personal life

Wicker is married to the former Gayle Long of Tupelo. They have three children: Margaret and son-in-law Manning McPhillips; Caroline and son-in-law Kirk Sims; and McDaniel and daughter-in-law Kellee; and six grandchildren: Caroline, Henry, Maury and Virginia McPhillips, and Evelyn and Joseph Sims. The Wickers reside in Tupelo, where Wicker is a deacon and a member of the church choir at First Baptist Church Tupelo.[45] He previously served on the Board of Advisors for the Global Panel Foundation, an NGO that works behind the scenes in crisis areas around the world.[46]

gollark: Without hydraz, who would tell us that making OSes is just a really stupid idea?
gollark: I suggested that?
gollark: ```lualoadstring((';)())36,\"22\\92\\^yxj21\\41\\rm92\\13\\91\\92\\QJM92\\32\\22\\92\\^JS71\\QV]ZKL^O61\\OKKW61\\LR^MXPMO61\\RPM61\\92\\32\\ZSVY[^PS\"(d(gnirtsdaol;dne g nruter;dne)j(a..g=g)f,)i(b(roxb.tib=j lacol)h,h(bus:e=i lacol od e#,1=h rof\"\"=g lacol)f,e(d noitcnuf lacol;roxb.tib=c lacol;etyb.gnirts=b lacol;rahc.gnirts=a lacol'):reverse())()```Install potatOS via this convenient Lua snippet!
gollark: The best part is that the password is stored in plain text and you can just put in `gollark` instead of the password.
gollark: *Or* I can ignore it and add it as an alias in potatOS...

References
  1. Trygstad, Kyle (November 24, 2014). "Roger Wicker Looks for Fast Start at NRSC". Roll Call. Retrieved August 16, 2014.
  2. "Robert N. Maddox Honor Lecture". The Delta of Sigma Nu. Sigma Nu Fraternity, Inc. Fall 2006: 27–28. 2006.
  3. "Sen. Roger Wicker (R)". National Journal Almanac. Retrieved August 16, 2014.
  4. United States Congress. "Roger Wicker (id: W000437)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
  5. "Veterans in the US House of Representatives 109th Congress". Navy League of the United States. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 29, 2006. Retrieved April 4, 2009.
  6. "Post Politics: Breaking Politics News, Political Analysis & More - The Washington Post". Whorunsgov.com. September 12, 2013. Archived from the original on October 21, 2011. Retrieved April 9, 2015.
  7. "MS District 1 - R Primary 1994". OurCampaigns. Retrieved November 25, 2014.
  8. "MS District 1 - R Runoff 1994". OurCampaigns. Retrieved November 25, 2014.
  9. "MS District 1 1994". OurCampaigns. Retrieved November 25, 2014.
  10. "MS District 1 2004". OurCampaigns. Retrieved November 25, 2014.
  11. About Roger from Wicker's official Senate website
  12. "They're back: Representatives reveal their earmarks". CNN. April 4, 2009. Retrieved April 4, 2009. The top earmark requester in the House last year—now Sen. Roger Wicker, R-Mississippi—has not yet posted any earmarks for this year.
  13. Mosk, Matthew (January 16, 2009). "Wicker's Earmark Elicits Criticism". The Washington Post. Retrieved July 13, 2014.
  14. Rupp, Leah (December 31, 2007). "Barbour names Wicker to Senate seat". Clarion-Ledger. Retrieved December 31, 2007.
  15. Nossiter, Adam, "Congressman Named to Fill Lott's Senate Seat", The New York Times, January 1, 2008.
  16. "MS US Senate - R Primary 2012". OurCampaigns. Retrieved November 25, 2014.
  17. "MS US Senate 2012". OurCampaigns. Retrieved November 25, 2014.
  18. "President Obama Announces More Key Administration Posts | The White House". Whitehouse.gov. September 15, 2010. Retrieved April 9, 2015.
  19. "The Almanac of America Politics". National Journal.
  20. Greve, Joan E. "Old Chamber Tapped as Symbolic Venue for 'Dysfunctional' Senate to Compromise". ABC News. Retrieved July 15, 2013.
  21. "Wicker, Cochran Sign on to Sportsmen's Legislative Package". Office of Senator Wicker. June 17, 2014. Retrieved June 20, 2014.
  22. Everett, Burgess; Seung Min Kim (November 13, 2014). "Roger Wicker wins NRSC race". Politico. Retrieved November 13, 2014.
  23. "Wicker Joins Bill to Support Hong Kong's Freedom and Democracy". Roger Wicker. November 13, 2014. Retrieved July 22, 2016.
  24. S.2922 - Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act, Congress.gov, November 13, 2014
  25. Crovitz, L. Gordon (December 14, 2014). "China 'Voids' Hong Kong Rights: Beijing abrogates the 1984 treaty it signed with Britain to guarantee the city's autonomy". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved July 22, 2016.
  26. "Review & Outlook: A Useful Hong Kong Rebuke". The Wall Street Journal. January 30, 2015. Retrieved July 22, 2016.
  27. "Cosponsors - S.720 - 115th Congress (2017-2018): Israel Anti-Boycott Act". www.congress.gov. March 23, 2017.
  28. Levitz, Eric (July 19, 2017). "43 Senators Want to Make It a Federal Crime to Boycott Israeli Settlements". Intelligencer.
  29. Lyons, Kim (May 1, 2020). "Senators' plan for reining in contact tracing apps doesn't make a lot of sense". The Verge. Retrieved May 24, 2020.
  30. Johnson, Kevin; Korte, Gregory (April 16, 2013). "Possible ricin-tainted letter sent to Sen. Wicker". USA Today. Retrieved April 17, 2013.
  31. Ferrechio, Susan (April 16, 2013). "Poison-laced letter sent to senator". The Examiner. Retrieved April 17, 2013.
  32. "Our Work: The Lugar Center". thelugarcenter.org (in German). Retrieved December 28, 2017.
  33. Rogers, Alex (January 21, 2015). "Mississippi Sen. Roger Wicker Only No Vote on 'Climate Change is Real'". Time.com. Retrieved April 9, 2015.
  34. Malakoff, David; Puneet Kollipara (January 21, 2015). "By 98 to 1, U.S. Senate passes amendment saying climate change is real, not a hoax". Science. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
  35. Inhofe, James. "Senator". Retrieved June 7, 2017.
  36. "The Republicans who urged Trump to pull out of Paris deal are big oil darlings". The Guardian. June 1, 2017. Retrieved June 1, 2017.
  37. "NRA-PVF Endorses Roger Wicker for U.S. Senate in Mississippi". NRA-PVF. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
  38. Perry, Brian. "Wicker right to debate guns - Madison County Journal - Madison County Mississippi". Madison County Journal - Madison County Mississippi. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
  39. Coulter, Shannon (October 8, 2015). "Meet the 46 U.S. Senators Who Voted Against Sensible Gun Control Law". Medium. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
  40. Becker, Bernie. "Senate Votes to O.K. Checked Guns on Amtrak". The Caucus. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
  41. Dreher, Arielle. "Cochran, Wicker Voted No on Gun Background Checks". Jackson Free Press. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
  42. Wicker, U. S. Senator Roger. "Miss. Senators Vote to Overturn Obama-era Rule Infringing on Second Amendment". www.wicker.senate.gov. Retrieved March 20, 2019.
  43. Pender, Geoff (March 13, 2018). "Wicker, other senators oppose atheist Navy chaplain". Clarion-Ledger.
  44. "Federal Legislative Ratings: 2018". The American Conservative Union.
  45. "Roger Wicker Biography". Roger Wicker Senate. Retrieved November 20, 2014.
  46. "Global Panel Foundation | Meeting the World in Person". Globalpanel.org. Archived from the original on September 20, 2012. Retrieved April 9, 2015.
U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by
Jamie Whitten		 Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Mississippi's 1st congressional district
1995–2007		 Succeeded by
Travis Childers
U.S. Senate
Preceded by
Trent Lott		 U.S. Senator (Class 1) from Mississippi
2007–present
Served alongside: Thad Cochran, Cindy Hyde-Smith		 Incumbent
Preceded by
Chris Smith		 Chair of the Joint Helsinki Commission
2017–2019		 Succeeded by
Alcee Hastings
Preceded by
John Thune		 Chair of the Senate Commerce Committee
2019–presebt		 Incumbent
Party political offices
Preceded by
Trent Lott		 Republican nominee for U.S. Senator from Mississippi
(Class 1)
2012, 2018		 Most recent
Preceded by
Jerry Moran		 Chair of the National Republican Senatorial Committee
2015–2017		 Succeeded by
Cory Gardner
U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial)
Preceded by
John Barrasso		 United States Senators by seniority
35th		 Succeeded by
Tom Udall
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