Richard Blumenthal

Richard Blumenthal[1] (/ˈbluːmənθɔːl/; born February 13, 1946) is an American attorney and politician who is the senior United States Senator from Connecticut having served since 2011. He is a member of the Democratic Party. The state's senior senator since 2013, he is ranked as one of the wealthiest members of the Senate,[2] with a net worth of over $100 million.[3] Previously, he served as Attorney General of Connecticut from 1991 to 2011.

Richard Blumenthal
United States senator from Connecticut
Incumbent
Assumed office January 3, 2011 Serving with Chris Murphy
Preceded by	Chris Dodd
23rd Attorney General of Connecticut
In office January 9, 1991 – January 5, 2011
Governor	Lowell Weicker John Rowland Jodi Rell
Preceded by	Clarine Riddle
Succeeded by	George Jepsen
Member of the Connecticut Senate from the 27th district
In office January 3, 1987 – January 3, 1991
Preceded by	Anthony Truglia
Succeeded by	George Jepsen
Member of the Connecticut House of Representatives from the 145th district
In office January 3, 1985 – January 3, 1987
Preceded by	Anthony Truglia
Succeeded by	Nicholas Pavia
United States Attorney for the District of Connecticut
In office 1977–1981
President	Jimmy Carter
Preceded by	Peter Dorsey
Succeeded by	Alan Nevas
Personal details
Born	(1946-02-13) February 13, 1946 New York City, New York, U.S.
Political party	Democratic
Spouse(s)	Cynthia Malkin ( m. 1982)
Children	4, including Matt Blumenthal
Education	Harvard University (AB) Trinity College, Cambridge Yale University (JD)
Signature
Website	Senate website
Military service
Allegiance	United States
Branch/service	United States Marine Corps
Years of service	1970–1976
Rank	Sergeant
Unit	U.S. Marine Corps Reserve

Born in Brooklyn, New York, Blumenthal attended Riverdale Country School, a private school in the Bronx. He graduated from Harvard College, where he was editorial chairman of The Harvard Crimson. He studied for a year at Trinity College, Cambridge, in England before attending Yale Law School, where he was editor-in-chief of the Yale Law Journal. While at Yale, he was a classmate of Bill and Hillary Clinton. From 1970 to 1976, Blumenthal served in the United States Marine Corps Reserve, where he attained the rank of sergeant.

After law school, Blumenthal passed the bar and served as administrative assistant and law clerk for several Washington, D.C. figures. From 1977 to 1981, he was United States Attorney for the District of Connecticut. In the early 1980s he worked in private law practice, including serving as volunteer counsel for the NAACP Legal Defense Fund.

He first served one term in the Connecticut House of Representatives from 1985 to 1987; in 1986 he was elected to the Connecticut Senate and began service in 1987. He was elected as Attorney General of Connecticut in 1990, and served for twenty years. During this period political observers speculated about him as a contender for Governor of Connecticut, but he never pursued the office.

Blumenthal announced his 2010 run for U.S. Senate after incumbent Democratic Sen. Chris Dodd announced his retirement. He faced Linda McMahon, a professional wrestling magnate, in the 2010 election, winning by a 12-point margin with 55 percent of the vote. He was sworn in on January 5, 2011. He was assigned to the Senate Armed Services; Judiciary; Aging; and Health, Education, Labor and Pensions committees. After the retirement of Joe Lieberman in 2013, Blumenthal became senior senator for the state. He won re-election in 2016 with 63.2% of the vote, becoming the first person to receive more than one million votes in a statewide election in Connecticut.

Early life and education

Blumenthal was born into a Jewish family in Brooklyn, New York, the son of Jane (née Rosenstock) and Martin Blumenthal. He has a brother, David Blumenthal, who became President of the Commonwealth Fund.[4] Their father became president of a commodities trading firm.[5][6][7] His maternal grandfather, Fred "Fritz" Rosenstock, raised cattle on his farm, where Blumenthal and his brother often visited as youths. Their father Martin had immigrated to the United States alone at the age of 17 from Frankfurt, Germany.[8]

Blumenthal attended Riverdale Country School in the Riverdale section of the Bronx before graduating from Harvard College with an A.B. degree magna cum laude as a member of Phi Beta Kappa. As an undergraduate, he was editorial chairman of The Harvard Crimson.[9] Blumenthal was a summer intern reporter for The Washington Post in the London Bureau.[10] Blumenthal was selected for a Fiske Fellowship, which allowed him to study at the University of Cambridge in England for one year after graduation from Harvard College.

In 1973, Blumenthal received his J.D. degree from Yale Law School, where he was editor-in-chief of the Yale Law Journal.[11] While at Yale, he was classmates with Bill Clinton, future President, and Hillary Clinton, future Secretary of State.[12] One of his co-editors on the Yale Law Journal was Robert Reich, future United States Secretary of Labor. He was also classmate of Clarence Thomas, later appointed as Associate Justice on the Supreme Court, and radio host Michael Medved.[13]

Military service

Blumenthal received five draft deferments during the Vietnam War,[14] obtaining first educational deferments, and then deferments based on his occupation.[15] With part-time service in the reserves or National Guard generally regarded as an alternative for those wishing to avoid serving in Vietnam,[16] in April 1970 Blumenthal enlisted in the United States Marine Corps Reserve.[17] He served in units in Washington, D.C., and Connecticut from 1970 to 1976,[18][19] attaining the rank of sergeant.[20]

During his 2010 Senate campaign, news report videos that showed Blumenthal claim that he'd served "in Vietnam" created a controversy.[21][22] Blumenthal denied having intentionally misled voters, but acknowledged having occasionally "misspoken" about his service record.[23] He later apologized to voters for remarks about his military service which he said had not been "clear or precise".[24]

Early political career

Blumenthal served as administrative assistant to Sen. Abraham A. Ribicoff, as aide to Daniel P. Moynihan when Moynihan was Assistant to President Richard Nixon, and as a law clerk to Judge Jon O. Newman, U.S. District Court of the District of Connecticut, and to Supreme Court Justice Harry A. Blackmun.

Before he became Attorney General, Blumenthal was a partner in the law firm of Cummings & Lockwood, and subsequently in the law firm of Silver, Golub & Sandak.[25] In December 1982, while still at Cummings & Lockwood, he created and chaired the Citizens Crime Commission of Connecticut, a private, non-profit organization.[26] From 1981 to 1986, he was a volunteer counsel for the NAACP Legal Defense Fund.[10]

At age 31, he was appointed as United States Attorney for the District of Connecticut, serving from 1977 to 1981. As the chief federal prosecutor of that state, he successfully prosecuted many major cases involving drug traffickers, organized crime, white collar criminals, civil rights violators, consumer fraud, and environmental pollution.[10]

In 1982, he married Cynthia Allison Malkin.[27] She is the daughter of real estate investor Peter L. Malkin and his wife. Her maternal grandfather was lawyer and philanthropist Lawrence Wien.[28]

In 1984, when he was 38, Blumenthal was elected to the Connecticut House of Representatives, representing the 145th district. In 1987, he won a special election to fill a vacancy in the 27th District of the Connecticut Senate, at the age of 41.[26] Blumenthal resided in Stamford, Connecticut.

In the 1980s, Blumenthal testified in the State Legislature in favor of abolishing Connecticut's death penalty statute. He did so after representing Joseph Green Brown, a Florida death row inmate who was later found to have been wrongly convicted. Blumenthal succeeded in staving off Brown's execution just 15 hours before it was scheduled to take place, and gained a new trial for Brown.[29]

Attorney General career

Blumenthal was first elected as the 23rd Attorney General of Connecticut in 1990; he was re-elected in 1994, 1998, 2002 and 2006. On October 10, 2002 he was awarded the Raymond E. Baldwin Award for Public Service by the Quinnipiac University School of Law.[30]

Pequot land annexation bid

In May 1995, Blumenthal and the state of Connecticut filed lawsuits challenging a decision by the Department of the Interior to approve a bid by the federally recognized Mashantucket Pequot for annexation of 165 acres of land in the towns of Ledyard, North Stonington and Preston.[31] The Pequot were attempting to have the land placed in a Federal trust, a legal designation to provide them with land for their sovereign control, as long years of colonization had left them landless. Blumenthal argued that the Interior Department's decision in support of this action was "fatally, legally flawed, and unfair," and that "it would unfairly remove land from the tax rolls of the surrounding towns and bar local control over how the land is used, while imposing [a] tremendous burden."[32] The tribe announced the withdrawal of the land annexation petition in February 2002.[32]

Interstate air pollution

In 1997, both Blumenthal and Governor John G. Rowland petitioned the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to address interstate air pollution problems created from Midwest and southeastern sources.[33] The petition was filed in accordance with Section 126 of the Clean Air Act, which allows a United States state to request pollution reductions from out-of-state sources that contribute significantly to its air quality problems.

In 2003, Blumenthal and the Attorneys General of eight other states (New York, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Rhode Island, and Vermont) filed a federal lawsuit against the Bush Administration for "endangering air quality by gutting a critical component of the federal Clean Air Act."[34] The suit alleged that changes in the Act would have exempted thousands of industrial air pollution sources from the Act's New Source Review provision and that the new rules and regulations would lead to an increase in air pollution.

Big Tobacco

While Attorney General, Blumenthal was one of the leaders of a 46-state lawsuit against the tobacco industry, which alleged that the companies involved had deceived the public about the dangers of smoking.[35] Blumenthal argued that the state of Connecticut should be reimbursed for Medicaid expenses related to smoking. In 1998, the tobacco companies reached a $246 billion national settlement, giving the 46 states involved 25 years of reimbursement payments. Connecticut's share of the settlement was estimated at about $3.6 billion.

In December 2007, Blumenthal filed suit against RJ Reynolds alleging that a 2007 Camel advertising spread in Rolling Stone magazine used cartoons in violation of the master tobacco settlement, which prohibited the use of cartoons in cigarette advertising because they entice children and teenagers to smoke.[36] The company paid the state of Connecticut $150,000 to settle the lawsuit and agreed to end the advertising campaign in question.

Microsoft lawsuit

In May 1998, Blumenthal, along with Attorneys General from 19 other states and the District of Columbia, filed an anti-trust lawsuit against Microsoft, accusing the company of abusing its monopoly power to stifle competition.[37] The suit, which centered on Microsoft's Windows 98 operating system and the company's contractual restrictions imposed on personal computer manufacturers to tie the operating system to its Internet Explorer browser, was eventually merged with a federal case brought by the United States Department of Justice (DOJ) under Attorney General Janet Reno.[38]

A 2000 landmark federal court decision ruled that Microsoft had violated antitrust laws, and the court ordered that the company be broken up. In 2001, the federal appeals court agreed, but rather than break up the company, it sent the case to a new judge to hold hearings and determine appropriate remedies.[39][40] Remedies were later proposed by Blumenthal and eight other attorneys general; these included requiring that Microsoft license an unbundled version of Windows in which middleware and operating system code were not commingled.[41]

In 2001, the Bush Administration's DOJ settled with Microsoft in an agreement criticized by many states and other industry experts as insufficient.[39] In November 2002, a federal court ruling imposed those same remedies. --> In August 2007, Blumenthal, along with five other states and the District of Columbia, filed a report alleging that the federal settlement with Microsoft, and court-imposed Microsoft remedies, had failed to adequately reduce Microsoft's monopoly.[39]

Stanley Works

On May 10, 2002 then Attorney General Blumenthal and Connecticut State Treasurer Denise L. Nappier helped to stop the hostile takeover of New Britain-based Stanley Works, a major Connecticut employer, by filing a lawsuit alleging that the move to reincorporate in Bermuda based on a shareholder's vote of May 9[42] was "rife with voting irregularities." The agreement to temporarily halt the move was signed by New Britain Superior Court Judge Marshall Berger.[43] On June 3 Blumenthal referred the matter to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for further investigation[44] and on June 25 he testified before the U.S. House Committee on Ways and Means that "Long-time American corporations with operations in other countries can dodge tens of millions of dollars in federal taxes by the device of reincorporating in another country" by "simply [filing] incorporation papers in a country with friendly tax laws, open a post-office box and hold an annual meeting there" and that Stanley Works, along with "Cooper Industries, Seagate Technologies, Ingersoll-Rand and PricewaterhouseCoopers Consulting, to name but a few, have also become pseudo-foreign corporations for the sole purpose of saving tax dollars." Blumenthal stated that "Corporations proposing to reincorporate to Bermuda, such as Stanley, often tell shareholders that there is no material difference in the law" but said that this was not the case and was misleading to their shareholders.[45] In order to rectify this situation he championed the Corporate Patriot Enforcement Act to close tax loopholes.[46]

Tomasso Group and Rowland corruption

Blumenthal was involved in a series of lawsuits against associates of Connecticut Governor Rowland and the various entities of the Tomasso Group over Tomasso's bribing of state officials including Rowland in exchange for the awarding of lucrative state contracts.[47] Blumenthal subpoenaed Tomasso Brothers Inc.; Tomasso Brothers Construction Co.; TBI Construction Co. LLC; Tunxis Plantation Country Club; Tunxis Management Co.; Tunxis Management Co. II; and Tenergy Water LLC (all part of the Tomasso Group). Lawyers for the Tomasso Group argued that the Attorney General had no special power to look into the operations of private firms under whistleblower law as no actual whistleblowers had come forward and all incriminating testimony was in related federal cases. Connecticut law requires the Attorney General to both be the attorney for the state and to investigate the state government's misdeeds, and the rules governing the office did not adequately address this inherent conflict of interest.[48] The state's case against the Tomasso Group ended in failure but federal investigations ended in prison sentences for the Group's president, Governor Rowland, and a number of his associates. The Tomasso Group stopped bidding on state contracts to avoid a substantial legal challenge from Blumenthal under newly written compliance statutes.[49]

Charter schools lawsuit

In September 1999, Blumenthal announced a lawsuit against Robin Barnes, the president and treasurer of New Haven-based charter school the Village Academy, for serious financial mismanagement of the state-subsidized charitable organization.[50] Citing common law, Blumenthal's suit sought to recover money misspent and serious damages resulting from Barnes's alleged breach of duty.

In a Connecticut Supreme Court decision, Blumenthal v. Barnes (2002), a unanimous court determined that the state's Attorney General could act using only the powers specifically authorized by the state legislature, and that since the Attorney General's jurisdiction is defined by statute rather than common law, Blumenthal lacked the authority to cite common law as the basis for filing suit against Barnes.[51][52][53][54] Despite this ruling, Blumenthal announced that he intended to pursue a separate 2000 lawsuit against the school's trustees filed on behalf of the State Department of Education.[55]

Regional transmission organization

In 2003 Blumenthal, along with former Massachusetts Attorney General Tom Reilly, Rhode Island Attorney General Patrick C. Lynch, and consumer advocates from Connecticut, Maine, and New Hampshire, opposed "the formation of a regional transmission organization (RTO) that would merge three Northeast and mid-Atlantic power operators, called Independent Service Operators (ISOs), into a single super-regional RTO."[56] In a press release he is quoted as saying "This fatally flawed RTO proposal will raise rates, reduce accountability and reward market manipulation. It will increase the power and profits of transmission operators with an immediate $40 million price tag for consumers."[57] The opposition was due to a report authored by Synapse Energy Economics, Inc., a Cambridge-based energy consulting firm, which alleged that consumers would be worse off under the merger.[58]

Gina Kolb lawsuit

In 2004, Blumenthal sued Computer Plus Center of East Hartford and its owner, Gina Kolb, on behalf of the state.[59] It was alleged that CPC overcharged $50 per computer, $500,000 in total, on a three-year, $17.2 million contract to supply computers to the state.[60] Blumenthal sued for $1.75 million.[60] Kolb was arrested in 2004 and charged with first degree larceny.[61] Kolb later countersued, claiming the state had grossly abused its power.[60] Kolb was initially awarded $18.3 million in damages; however, the Attorney General appealed the decision and the damages initially awarded were slashed by 90 percent to $1.83 million.[60] In ruling, Superior Court judge Barry Stevens described the jury's initial award of $18.3 million as a "shocking injustice" and said it was "influenced by partiality or mistake."[60]

Big East and ACC

Attorney General Blumenthal played a pivotal role in one of the biggest college athletics stories of the decade; expansion of the Atlantic Coast Conference and the departures of Boston College, Miami, and Virginia Tech from the Big East. He led efforts by the Big East football schools (Virginia Tech, Rutgers, Pittsburgh, and West Virginia) in legal proceedings against the Atlantic Coast Conference, the University of Miami and Boston College, accusing them of improper disclosure of confidential information and of conspiring to dismantle the Big East. According to Blumenthal, the case was pursued because "the future of the Big East Conference was at risk—the stakes huge for both state taxpayers and the university's good name."[62] The suits cost the schools involved $2.2 million in the first four months of litigation.[63] The lawsuit against the ACC was initially dismissed on jurisdictional grounds but was subsequently refiled.[64] A declaratory judgment by the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts exonerated Boston College in the matter. Virginia Tech accepted an invitation from the ACC and withdrew from the suit to remove themselves from the awkward position of suing their new conference. An out-of-court settlement in the amount of $5 million was eventually reached, which included a $1 million exit fee that Boston College was required to pay the Big East under the league's constitution.[62]

Some have speculated that the lawsuit was one of the biggest reasons that the University of Connecticut was not sought after by the ACC during their 2011 additions of then-Big East members Syracuse and Pittsburgh. UConn is currently a member of the less-lucrative American Athletic Conference, the successor to the original Big East.

Interstate 84

On October 2, 2006, Blumenthal launched an investigation concerning a botched reconstruction project of the Interstate 84 in Waterbury and Cheshire. The original contractor for the job, L.G. DeFelice, went out of business and it was later revealed that hundreds of storm drains had been improperly installed.[65][66] Blumenthal subsequently announced lawsuits against L.G. DeFelice and the Maguire Group, the engineering firm that inspected the project. United States Fidelity & Guaranty, the insurer behind the performance bond for the Interstate-84 construction, agreed to pay $17.5 million to settle the claims. Under the terms of the agreement, the state of Connecticut retained the right to sue L.G. DeFelice for additional funds.[67] In 2009, the bonding company agreed to pay an additional $4.6 million settlement, bringing the total award to $22.1 million ($30,000 more than the repair costs).[68][69]

Lyme disease guidelines investigation

In November 2006, Blumenthal launched an antitrust investigation into the Infectious Diseases Society of America's (IDSA's) 2006 guidelines regarding the treatment of Lyme disease.[70] Responding to concerns from chronic Lyme disease advocacy groups, Blumenthal claimed the IDSA guidelines would "severely constrict choices and legitimate diagnosis and treatment options for patients."[71] The medical validity of the IDSA guidelines was not challenged,[72] and a journalist writing in Nature Medicine suggested some IDSA members may not have disclosed potential conflicts of interest,[73] while a Forbes piece described Blumenthal's investigation as "intimidation" of scientists by an elected official with close ties to Lyme advocacy groups.[74] The Journal of the American Medical Association described the decision as an example of the "politicization of health policy" that went against the weight of scientific evidence and may have a chilling effect on future decisions by medical associations.[75] In 2008, Blumenthal ended the investigation after the IDSA agreed to conduct a review of the guidelines.[76] In 2010, an eight-member independent review panel unanimously agreed that the original 2006 guideline recommendations were "medically and scientifically justified" in the light of the evidence. The committee did not change any of the earlier recommendations but did alter some of the language in an executive summary of the findings.[77] Blumenthal said he would review the final report.[78]

Internet pornography, prostitution, and sexual predators

MySpace/Facebook

In March 2006, Blumenthal noted that more than seven incidents of sexual assault in Connecticut had been linked directly to MySpace contacts.[79] Earlier that year, Blumenthal and attorneys general in at least five other states were involved in discussions with MySpace that resulted in the implementation of technological changes aimed at protecting children from pornography and child predators on the company's website.[79] At Blumenthal's urging, MySpace installed a link to free blocking software ("K9 Web Protection"); however, in May 2006, Blumenthal announced that the site had failed to make the program easy to find and that it was not clearly labeled.[80] Blumenthal also urged MySpace to take further steps to safeguard children, including purging deep links to pornography and inappropriate material, tougher age verification, and banning users under 16.[80]

Blumenthal was co-chair, along with North Carolina Attorney General Roy Cooper, of the State Attorney General Task Force on Social Networking. In 2008, the attorneys general commissioned the Internet Safety Technical Task Force report, which researched "ways to help squash the onslaught of sexual predators targeting younger social-networking clients".[81]

Blumenthal's office subpoenaed MySpace for information about the number of registered sex offenders on its site. In 2009, MySpace revealed that over a 2-year span it had roughly 90,000 members who were registered sex offenders (nearly double what MySpace officials had originally estimated one year prior).[81][82][83] Blumenthal accused MySpace of having "monstrously inadequate counter-measures" to prevent sex offenders from creating MySpace profiles.

Blumenthal and Cooper secured agreements from MySpace and Facebook to push toward making their companies' sites safer. Both sites implemented dozens of safeguards, including finding better ways to verify users' ages, banning convicted sex offenders from using the sites, and limiting the ability of older users to search members under 18.[84]

Craigslist

In March 2008, Blumenthal issued a letter to Craigslist attorneys demanding that the website cease allowing postings for erotic services, which he claimed promoted prostitution, and he accused the site of "turning a blind eye" to the problem.[85] Blumenthal worked with Craigslist and a group of 40 attorneys general to create new measures on the site designed to thwart ads for prostitution and other illegal sexual activities. In April 2009, Craigslist came under the scrutiny of law enforcement agencies following the arrest of Philip Markoff (aka the "Craigslist Killer"), suspected of killing a 25-year-old masseuse he met through Craigslist at a Boston hotel.[86][87] Blumenthal subsequently called for a series of specific measures to fight prostitution and pornography on Craigslist—including steep financial penalties for rule breaking, and incentives for reporting wrongdoing.[88] Blumenthal claimed that "Craigslist has the means—and moral obligation—to stop the pimping and prostituting in plain sight."

Blumenthal, leading a coalition of 39 states, subpoenaed Craigslist in May 2010 as part of an investigation into whether the site was taking sufficient action to curb prostitution ads and whether it was profiting from them.[86] Blumenthal stated that prostitution ads had remained on the site despite previous assurances that they would be removed.[86][89] The subpoena sought documents related to the company's processes for reviewing potentially objectionable ads, as well as documents detailing the revenue gained from ads sold to the company's erotic services and adult services categories.[90] In August 2010, Blumenthal called on the website to shut down the section permanently and take steps to eradicate prostitution ads from other parts of the site. Blumenthal also called on Congress to alter a landmark communications law (Communications Decency Act) that Craigslist has cited in defense of the ads.[90]

Following continued pressure, Craigslist removed the adult services sections from its U.S. sites in September 2010[91][92] and from its international sites in December 2010.[93] Blumenthal called the company's decision a victory against sexual exploitation of women and children, and against human trafficking connected to prostitution.[93]

Blumenthal and other state attorneys general reached a settlement with Craigslist on the issue; the settlement called for the company to charge people via credit card for any ads that were suggestive in nature so the person could be tracked down if they were determined to in fact be offering prostitution. However, Blumenthal remarked that subsequent to the settlement, the ads had continued to flourish using veiled code words.[89]

Terrorist surveillance program

In October 2007, Blumenthal and the attorneys general of four other states lobbied Congress for the rejection of proposals to provide immunity from litigation to telecommunications firms that cooperated with the federal government's terrorist surveillance program following the September 11 attacks in 2001.[94] In 2008 the Congress passed and President George W. Bush signed into law a new terrorist surveillance bill including the telecom immunity provisions opposed by Blumenthal.

Countrywide Financial

In August 2008 Blumenthal announced that Connecticut had joined California, Illinois and Florida in suing subprime mortgage lender Countrywide Financial (now owned by Bank of America) for fraudulent business practices.[95][96] The suit alleged that Countrywide pushed consumers into "deceptive, unaffordable loans and workouts, and charged homeowners in default unjustified and excessive legal fees." According to Blumenthal, "Countrywide conned customers into loans that were clearly unaffordable and unsustainable, turning the American Dream of homeownership into a nightmare" and when consumers defaulted, "the company bullied them into workouts doomed to fail." Blumenthal also claimed that Countrywide "crammed unconscionable legal fees into renegotiated loans, digging consumers deeper into debt" and that the company "broke promises that homeowners could refinance, condemning them to hopelessly unaffordable loans."[95] The lawsuit demanded that Countrywide make restitution to affected borrowers, give up improper gains and rescind, reform or modify all mortgages that broke state laws. It is also sought civil fines of up to $100,000 per violation of state banking laws, and up to $5,000 per violation of state consumer protection laws.[97]

In October 2008 Bank of America initially agreed to settle the states' suits for $8.4 billion, and in February 2010, Countrywide mailed payments of $3,452.54 to 370 Connecticut residents.[98] The settlement forced Bank of America to establish a $150 million fund to help repay borrowers whose homes had been foreclosed upon, $1.3 million of which went to Connecticut.

Blumenthal commented in defense of U.S. Senator and chairman of the Senate Banking Committee Christopher Dodd, who had been harshly criticized for accepting a VIP loan from Countrywide,[99] stating that "there's no evidence of wrongdoing on [Mr. Dodd's] part any more than victims who were misled or deceived by Countrywide." In August 2010, Dodd was cleared by the Senate Ethics Committee, which found "no credible evidence" that he knowingly tried to use his status as a U.S. senator to receive loan terms not available to the public.[98]

Global warming

Blumenthal has been a vocal advocate of the position that human activity is responsible for rising global temperatures and that prompt action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions must be taken. He has urged the Environmental Protection Agency to declare carbon dioxide as a dangerous air pollutant. "I urge the new Obama EPA to declare carbon dioxide a danger to human health and welfare so we can at last begin addressing the potentially disastrous threat global warming poses to health, the environment and our economy. We must make up for lost time before it's too late to curb dangerous warming threatening to devastate the planet and human society."[100] He has brought suit against a number of electric utilities in the Midwest, arguing that coal-burning power plants are generating excess CO
2 emissions. In 2009, the Second Circuit Court of Appeals agreed to allow Blumenthal's lawsuit to proceed.[101] Blumenthal personally has stated "no reputable climate scientist disputes the reality of global warming. It is fact, plain and simple. Dithering will be disastrous."[102]

Trump emoluments lawsuit

Main article: Blumenthal v. Trump

Blumenthal, together with Rep. John Conyers Jr. of Michigan, led a group of 196 congressmen in the filing of a federal lawsuit accusing President Trump of violating the emoluments clause of the US Constitution.[103]

Prospect of gubernatorial candidacy

Blumenthal was frequently considered a top prospect as the Democratic candidate for Governor of Connecticut but he did not run against Republican governors John G. Rowland or M. Jodi Rell in the elections of 1998, 2002, and 2006.

On March 18, 2007, Hartford Courant columnist Kevin Rennie reported Blumenthal had become seriously interested in running for Governor in 2010.[104] On February 2, 2009, Blumenthal announced he would forgo a gubernatorial run and seek re-election that year as Attorney General.[105]

U.S. Senate

2010 election

Main article: 2010 United States Senate election in Connecticut

Election results by county

After Sen. Chris Dodd announced on January 6, 2010 that he would retire at the end of his term, Blumenthal told the Associated Press that he would run in the election for Dodd's seat in November 2010.[106] Later that day, President Barack Obama and Vice President Joe Biden called Blumenthal to express their best wishes.[107]

The same day, Public Policy Polling released a poll they took on the two preceding evenings, including races where Blumenthal was paired against each of the three most mentioned Republicans contending for their party's nomination for the seat. He led by at least 30% in each hypothetical race: against Rob Simmons (59%–28%), against Linda McMahon (60%–28%), and against Peter Schiff (63%–23%), with a ±4.3% margin of error cited.[108] Rasmussen Reports also polled after Blumenthal announced his candidacy and found a somewhat more competitive race, but with Blumenthal holding a strong lead.

A February poll by Rasmussen found that Blumenthal held leads of 19 (against Simmons) and 20 (against McMahon), and that Republicans had made up little ground since the initial Rasmussen poll after Blumenthal announced.[109] On May 21, Blumenthal received the Democratic nomination by acclamation.[110][111]

The New York Times reported that Blumenthal misspoke on at least one occasion by saying he'd served with the military "in Vietnam".[17][112] Video emerged of him speaking to a group of veterans and supporters in March 2008 in Norwalk, Connecticut, saying, in reference to supporting troops returning from Iraq and Afghanistan, "We have learned something important since the days that I served in Vietnam."[113] There were also other occasions where he accurately described his military service. At a 2008 ceremony in Shelton, Connecticut, he said, "I served during the Vietnam era... I remember the taunts, the insults, sometimes even physical abuse."[114][115]

Blumenthal's commanding officer in 1974 and 1975, Larry Baldino of Woodbridge, Connecticut, addressed the controversy in a letter to the editor in the New Haven Register. Baldino wrote that the misleading statement was too 'petty' to be the basis for supporting or not supporting Blumenthal. Baldino further portrayed Blumenthal as 'good natured' and described him as 'one of the best Marines with whom I ever worked'.[116]

Days after the nomination, Quinnipiac University Polling Institute polling indicated that Blumenthal held a 25-point lead over McMahon.[117] The Cook Political Report changed its prediction on the race to Leans Democratic, making Blumenthal the favored candidate over McMahon.[118]

Blumenthal won the November 2 election, defeating McMahon 55% to 43%.

2016 election

Main article: 2016 United States Senate election in Connecticut

Results of the 2016 U.S. Senate Election in Connecticut by town

August Wolf, a former Olympian and current bond salesman, was the only declared candidate running as a Republican against Blumenthal in the 2016 Senate election.[119]

In August 2015, economist Larry Kudlow threatened to run against Blumenthal if Blumenthal voted in favor of the Iran Nuclear Deal.[120]

According to a pair of Quinnipiac polls on October 15, 2015, Blumenthal had a 34 percent lead over Kudlow[121] and a 35 percent lead over August Wolf.[122]

Blumenthal ended up winning re-election with 63 percent of the vote against Republican state representative Dan Carter, becoming the first person in Connecticut's history to receive over a million votes in a single election.[123]

Tenure

Blumenthal during the 112th Congress

Blumenthal was sworn into the 112th United States Congress on January 5, 2011. He announced plans to return to Connecticut every weekend to join a "listening tour" of his home state.[124]

Secretary of the Navy Ray Mabus presents the Navy Distinguished Public Service Medal to U.S. Senator Richard Blumenthal in 2012.

In March 2012, Blumenthal and New York Senator Chuck Schumer gained national attention after they called upon Attorney General Eric Holder and the Department of Justice to investigate practices by employers to require Facebook passwords for employee applicants and workers.[125]

Blumenthal has worked with Sen. Mark Kirk from Illinois to eliminate pensions for members of Congress who are convicted of felonies while serving in office.[126]

Committee assignments

• Committee on Armed Services[127]
  • Subcommittee on Airland
  • Subcommittee on Cybersecurity
  • Subcommittee on Seapower
• Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation
  • Subcommittee on Aviation Operations, Safety, and Security
  • Subcommittee on Communications, Technology, Innovation, and the Internet
  • Subcommittee on Consumer Protection, Product Safety, and Insurance
  • Subcommittee on Oceans, Atmosphere, Fisheries, and Coast Guard
  • Subcommittee on Surface Transportation and Merchant Marine Infrastructure, Safety, and Security
• Committee on the Judiciary
  • Subcommittee on Antitrust, Competition Policy and Consumer Rights
  • Subcommittee on Border Security and Immigration
  • Subcommittee on Oversight, Agency Action, Federal Rights and Federal Courts
• Committee on Veterans' Affairs
• Special Committee on Aging
• Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe

Caucus memberships

• Senate Oceans Caucus
• Senate Ukraine Caucus[128]

Legislation sponsored

The following is an incomplete list of legislation that Blumenthal has sponsored:

• Affordable College Textbook Act (S. 1864; 115th Congress)

Political positions

Encryption

On March 3, 2020 Blumenthal cosponsored a bill to make it difficult for people and organizations to use encryption under the EARN-IT Act of 2020[129]

Gun law

Blumenthal speaks in favor of gun control in 2017

As of 2010, Blumenthal had a "F" rating from the National Rifle Association for his pro-gun control voting record.[130]

In response to the 2015 San Bernardino attack, Blumenthal stated his support for improved access to mental health resources and universal background checks.[131]

In January 2016, Blumenthal was one of eighteen senators to sign a letter to Thad Cochran and Barbara Mikulski requesting that the Labor, Health and Education subcommittee hold a hearing on whether to allow the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to fund a study of gun violence and "the annual appropriations rider that some have interpreted as preventing it" with taxpayer dollars. The senators noted their support for taking steps "to fund gun-violence research, because only the United States government is in a position to establish an integrated public-health research agenda to understand the causes of gun violence and identify the most effective strategies for prevention."[132]

In the wake of the Orlando nightclub shooting, Blumenthal said that "The Senate's inaction on commonsense gun violence prevention makes it complicit in this public health crisis. Prayers and platitudes are insufficient. The American public is beseeching us to act on commonsense, sensible gun violence prevention measures, and we must heed that call."[133]

In October 2016, he participated in the Chris Murphy gun control filibuster, speaking in support of the Feinstein Amendment, which would have banned people known to be or suspected of being terrorists from buying guns.[134] That same year, Blumenthal stated his support for efforts to require toy or fake firearms to have orange parts so they could more easily be distinguished from real guns.[135]

In response to the 2017 Las Vegas shooting, Blumenthal declared in an interview with Judy Woodruff, "we must break the grip of the NRA". He continued, "we can at least save lives. Would it have prevented the Las Vegas atrocity, that unspeakable tragedy? We will never know. But it might have, and we can definitely prevent such mass shootings by adopting these kinds of commonsense measures."[136]

In 2018, Blumenthal was a cosponsor of the NICS Denial Notification Act,[137] legislation developed in the aftermath of the Stoneman Douglas High School shooting that would require federal authorities to inform states within a day of a prohibited person attempting to buy a firearm failing the National Instant Criminal Background Check System.[138]

In January 2019, Blumenthal was one of forty senators to introduce the Background Check Expansion Act, a bill that would require background checks for either the sale or transfer of all firearms including all unlicensed sellers. Exceptions to the bill's background check requirement included transfers between members of law enforcement, loaning firearms for either hunting or sporting events on a temporary basis, providing firearms as gifts to members of one's immediate family, firearms being transferred as part of an inheritance, or giving a firearm to another person temporarily for immediate self-defense.[139]

In June 2019, Blumenthal was one of four senators to cosponsor the Help Empower Americans to Respond (HEAR) Act, legislation that would ban suppressors being imported, sold, made, sent elsewhere or possessed and grant a silencer buyback program as well as include certain exceptions for current and former law enforcement personnel and others. The bill was intended to respond to the Virginia Beach shooting, where the perpetrator used a .45-caliber handgun with multiple extended magazines and a suppressor.[140]

Antitrust, competition and corporate regulation

In June 2019, Blumenthal was one of six Democrats led by Amy Klobuchar in signing letters to the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and the Department of Justice recounting that many of them had "called on both the FTC and the Justice Department to investigate potential anticompetitive activity in these markets, particularly following the significant enforcement actions taken by foreign competition enforcers against these same companies" and requested both agencies confirm whether or not opened antitrust investigations had been opened by them regarding each of the companies and for both agencies to pledge they will publicly release any such investigation's findings.[141]

Aviation safety

Blumenthal called for the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to temporarily ground all Boeing 737 MAX 8 aircraft in the United States until an investigation into the cause of the crash of Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302 is complete.[142]

Agriculture

In March 2019, Blumenthal was one of thirty-eight senators to sign a letter to United States Secretary of Agriculture Sonny Perdue warning that dairy farmers "have continued to face market instability and are struggling to survive the fourth year of sustained low prices" and urging his department to "strongly encourage these farmers to consider the Dairy Margin Coverage program."[143]

In May 2019, Blumenthal and eight other Democratic senators sent a letter to Agriculture Secretary Perdue where they criticized the USDA for purchasing pork from JBS USA and wrote that it was "counterproductive and contradictory" for companies to receive funding from "U.S. taxpayer dollars intended to help American farmers struggling with this administration's trade policy." The senators requested the department "ensure these commodity purchases are carried out in a manner that most benefits the American farmer’s bottom line—not the business interests of foreign corporations."[144]

In June 2019, Blumenthal and eighteen other Democratic senators sent a letter to USDA Inspector General (IG) Phyllis K. Fong with the request that the IG investigate USDA instances of retaliation and political decision-making and asserted that not conducting an investigation would mean these "actions could be perceived as a part of this administration’s broader pattern of not only discounting the value of federal employees, but suppressing, undermining, discounting, and wholesale ignoring scientific data produced by their own qualified scientists."[145]

Economy

In March 2019, Blumenthal led five Democratic senators in signing a letter to the Federal Trade Commission requesting it "use its rulemaking authority, along with other tools, in order to combat the scourge of non-compete clauses rigging our economy against workers" and espousing the view that incomplete clauses "harm employees by limiting their ability to find alternate work, which leaves them with little leverage to bargain for better wages or working conditions with their immediate employer." The senators furthered that the FTC had the responsibility of protecting both consumers and workers and needed to "act decisively" to address their concerns over "serious anti-competitive harms from the proliferation of non-competes in the economy."[146]

Child care

In 2019, Blumenthal and 34 other senators introduced the Child Care for Working Families Act, a bill that created 770,000 new child care jobs and that ensured families under 75 percent of the state median income did not pay for child care with higher earning families having to pay "their fair share for care on a sliding scale, regardless of the number of children they have." The legislation also supported universal access to high-quality preschool programs for all 3 and 4-year-olds and gave the child care workforce a changed compensation and training to aid both teachers and caregivers.[147]

Children's programming

In 2019, following the announcement by the Federal Communications Commission of rules changes to children's programming through modifying the Children’s Television Act of 1990, Blumenthal and eight other Democratic senators signed a letter to FCC Chairman Ajit Pai that expressed concern that the proposed changes "would limit the reach of educational content available to children and have a particular damaging effect on youth in low-income and minority communities" and asserted that the new rules would see a reduction in access to valuable educational content through over-the-air services.[148]

Disaster relief

In April 2018, Blumenthal was one of five Democratic senators to sign a letter to FEMA administrator Brock Long calling on FEMA to enter an agreement with the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development that would "stand up the Disaster Housing Assistance Program and address the medium- and longer-term housing needs" of evacuees of Puerto Rico in the aftermath of Hurricane Maria. The senators asserted that "FEMA's refusal to use the tools at its disposal, including DHAP, to help these survivors is puzzling -- and profoundly troubling" and that hundreds of hurricane survivors were susceptible to being left homeless in the event that FEMA and HUD continued to not work together.[149][150]

Drug policy

In February 2017, Blumenthal and thirty other senators signed a letter to Kaléo Pharmaceuticals in response to the opioid-overdose-reversing device Evzio rising in price from $690 in 2014 to $4,500 and requested the company answer what the detailed price structure for Evzio was, the number of devices Kaléo Pharmaceuticals set aside for donation, and the totality of federal reimbursements Evzio received in the previous year.[151]

In March 2017, Blumenthal was one of twenty-one senators to sign a letter led by Ed Markey to Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell which noted that 12 percent of adult Medicaid beneficiaries had some form or a substance abuse disorder in addition to one third of treatment administered for opioid and other substance use disorders in the United States being financed through Medicaid and opined that the American Health Care Act could "very literally translate into a death spiral for those with opioid use disorders" due to the insurance coverage lacking and not having the adequate funds to afford care oftentimes resulting in individuals abandoning substance use disorder treatment.[152]

In April 2019, Blumenthal was one of eleven senators to sign a letter to Juul CEO Kevin Burns asserting that the company had "lost what little remaining credibility the company had when it claimed to care about the public health" and that they would not rest until Juul's "dangerous products are out of the hands of our nation's children." The senators requested Juul list each one of its advertising buys and detail the steps the company has taken to ensure its advertisements are not seen by people under 21 in addition to asking if Juul had purchased any social media influencers for product promotion.[153]

Blumenthal has a "C" rating from NORML for his voting history regarding cannabis-related causes.[154]

Environment

In June 2019, Bluementhal was one of forty-four senators to introduce the International Climate Accountability Act, legislation that would prevent President Trump from using funds in an attempt to withdraw from the Paris Agreement and directing the president's administration to instead develop a strategic plan for the United States that would allow it to meet its commitment under the Paris Agreement.[155]

Railroad safety

In June 2019, Blumenthal was one of ten senators to cosponsor the Safe Freight Act, a bill that would mandate all freight trains have one or more certified conductors and one certified engineer on board who can collaborate on how to protect both the train and people living near the tracks' safety. The legislation was meant to correct a rollback of the Federal Railroad Administration on a proposed rule intended to establish safety standards.[156]

LGBT rights

In June 2019, Blumenthal was one of eighteen senators to sign a letter to United States Secretary of State Mike Pompeo requesting an explanation of a decision by the State Department to not issue an official statement that year commemorating Pride Month nor issue the annual cable outlining activities for embassies commemorating Pride Month. They also questioned why the LGBTI special envoy position had remained vacant and asserted that "preventing the official flying of rainbow flags and limiting public messages celebrating Pride Month signals to the international community that the United States is abandoning the advancement of LGBTI rights as a foreign policy priority."[157]

Healthcare

In February 2019, Blumenthal and twenty-two other Democratic senators introduced the State Public Option Act, a bill that would authorize states to form a Medicaid buy-in program for all residents and thereby grant all denizens of the state the ability to buy into a state-driven Medicaid health insurance plan if they wished. Brian Schatz, a bill cosponsor, said the legislation would "unlock each state’s Medicaid program to anyone who wants it, giving people a high-quality, low-cost public health insurance option" and that its goal was "to make sure that every single American has comprehensive health care coverage."[158]

In June 2019, Blumenthal was one of eight senators to cosponsor the Territories Health Equity Act of 2019, legislation that would remove the cap on annual federal Medicaid funding and increase federal matching rate for Medicaid expenditures of territories along with more funds being provided for prescription drug coverage to low-income seniors in an attempt to equalize funding for American territories Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa and the Northern Mariana Islands with that of U.S. states.[159]

In June 2019, Blumenthal and fourteen other senators introduced the Affordable Medications Act, legislation intended to promote transparency through mandating pharmaceutical companies disclose the amount of money going toward research and development in addition to both marketing and executives' salaries. The bill also abolished the restriction that stopped the federal Medicare program from using its buying power to negotiate lower drug prices for beneficiaries and hinder drug company monopoly practices used to keep prices high and disable less expensive generics entering the market.[160]

In August 2019, Blumenthal was one of nineteen senators to sign a letter to United States Secretary of the Treasury Steve Mnuchin and United States Secretary of Health and Human Services Alex Azar requesting data from the Trump administration in order to aid in the comprehension of states and Congress on potential consequences in the event that the Texas v. United States Affordable Care Act (ACA) lawsuit prevailed in courts, citing that an overhaul of the present health care system would form "an enormous hole in the pocketbooks of the people we serve as well as wreck state budgets".[161] That same month, Blumenthal, three other Senate Democrats, and Bernie Sanders signed a letter to Acting FDA Commissioner Dr. Ned Sharpless in response to Novartis falsifying data as part of an attempt to gain the FDA's approval for its new gene therapy Zolgensma, writing that it was "unconscionable that a drug company would provide manipulated data to federal regulators in order to rush its product to market, reap federal perks, and charge the highest amount in American history for its medication."[162]

Housing

In April 2019, Blumenthal was one of forty-one senators to sign a bipartisan letter to the housing subcommittee praising the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development's Section 4 Capacity Building program as authorizing "HUD to partner with national nonprofit community development organizations to provide education, training, and financial support to local community development corporations (CDCs) across the country" and expressing disappointment that President Trump's budget "has slated this program for elimination after decades of successful economic and community development." The senators wrote of their hope that the subcommittee would support continued funding for Section 4 in Fiscal Year 2020.[163]

Journalism

In July 2019, Blumenthal cosponsored the Fallen Journalists Memorial Act, a bill introduced by Ben Cardin and Rob Portman that would create a new memorial that would be privately funded and constructed on federal lands within Washington, D.C. in order to honor journalists, photographers, and broadcasters that have died in the line of duty.[164]

Government shutdown

In March 2019, Blumenthal and thirty-eight other senators signed a letter to the Appropriations Committee opining that contractor workers and by extension their families "should not be penalized for a government shutdown that they did nothing to cause" while noting that there were bills in both chambers of Congress that if enacted would provide back pay to compensate contractor employees for lost wages before urging the Appropriations Committee "to include back pay for contractor employees in a supplemental appropriations bill for FY2019 or as part of the regular appropriations process for FY2020."[165]

Infrastructure

In June 2019, Blumenthal was one of eight senators to sponsor the Made in America Act, legislation that would designate federal programs which had funded infrastructure projects not currently subject to Buy America standards and mandate the materials used in these federal programs were domestically produced. Bill cosponsor Tammy Baldwin said the bill would strengthen Buy America requirements of the federal government and that she was hopeful both Democrats and Republicans would support "this effort to make sure our government is buying American products and supporting American workers."[166]

Maternal mortality

In May 2019, Blumenthal was one of six senators to cosponsor the Healthy MOMMIES Act, legislation that would expand Medicaid coverage in an attempt to provide comprehensive prenatal, labor and postpartum care with an extension of the Medicaid pregnancy pathway from 60 days to a full year following birth for the purpose of assuring new mothers have access to services unrelated to pregnancy. The bill also directed Medicaid and the Children’s Health Insurance Program's Payment and Access Commission report its data regarding doula care coverage under state Medicaid programs and subsequently develop strategies aimed at improving access to doula care.[167]

Net neutrality

In May 2014, days before the FCC was scheduled to rewrite its net neutrality rules, Blumenthal was one of eleven senators to sign a letter to FCC Chairman Tom Wheeler charging Wheeler's proposal with destroying net neutrality instead of preserving it and urged the FCC to "consider reclassifying Internet providers to make them more like traditional phone companies, over which the agency has clear authority to regulate more broadly."[168]

In March 2018, Blumenthal was one of ten senators to sign a letter spearheaded by Jeff Merkley lambasting a proposal from FCC Chairman Ajit Pai that would curb the scope of benefits from the Lifeline program during a period where roughly 6.5 million people in poor communities relied on Lifeline to receive access to high-speed internet, citing that it was Pai's "obligation to the American public, as the Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission, to improve the Lifeline program and ensure that more Americans can afford access, and have means of access, to broadband and phone service." The senators also advocated for insuring "Lifeline reaches more Americans in need of access to communication services."[169]

Protest against the GOP health bill at the United States Capitol in July 2017

Reproductive rights

Blumenthal is pro-choice. He supports efforts to make it a crime for demonstrators to block access to health clinics. He opposed efforts by Walmart to ban the sale of emergency contraception and supports requirements that make it mandatory for pharmacies to fill birth control prescriptions. He support federal funding for family planning clinics.[170]

Immigration

In August 2018, Blumenthal was one of seventeen senators to sign a letter spearheaded by Kamala Harris to United States Secretary of Homeland Security Kirstjen Nielsen demanding that the Trump administration take immediate action in attempting to reunite 539 migrant children with their families, citing each passing day of inaction as intensifying "trauma that this administration has needlessly caused for children and their families seeking humanitarian protection."[171]

In April 2019, Blumenthal was one of six Democratic senators to sign a letter to Acting Defense Secretary Patrick M. Shanahan expressing concern over memos by Marine Corps Gen. Robert Neller in which Neller critiqued deployments to the southern border and funding transfers under President Trump's national emergency declaration as having posed an "unacceptable risk to Marine Corps combat readiness and solvency" and noted that other military officials had recently stated that troop deployment did not affect readiness. The senators requested Shanahan explain the inconsistencies and that Shanahan provide both "a staff-level briefing on this matter within seven days" and an explanation on how he would address Neller's concerns.[172]

In June 2019, following the Housing and Urban Development Department's confirmation that DACA recipients did not meet eligibility for federal backed loans, Blumenthal and eleven other senators introduced The Home Ownership Dreamers Act, legislation that mandated that the federal government was not authorized to deny mortgage loans backed by the Federal Housing Administration, Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, or the Agriculture Department solely due to the immigration status of an applicant.[173]

In June 2019, Blumenthal and six other Democratic senators were led by Hawaii Senator Brian Schatz in sending letters to the Government Accountability Office along with the suspension and debarment official and inspector general at the US Department of Health and Human Services citing recent reports that showed "significant evidence that some federal contractors and grantees have not provided adequate accommodations for children in line with legal and contractual requirements" and urged officials in the government to determine whether federal contractors and grantees are in violation of contractual obligations or federal regulations and should thus face financial consequences.[174]

In July 2019, following reports that the Trump administration intended to end protections of spouses, parents and children of active-duty service members from deportation, Blumenthal was one of twenty-two senators to sign a letter led by Tammy Duckworth arguing that the program allowed service members the ability "to fight for the United States overseas and not worry that their spouse, children, or parents will be deported while they are away" and that the program's termination would cause both personal hardship and a negatively impact for service members in combat.[175]

In July 2019, Blumenthal and fifteen other Senate Democrats introduced the Protecting Sensitive Locations Act which mandated that ICE agents get approval from a supervisor ahead of engaging in enforcement actions at sensitive locations with the exception of special circumstances and that agents receive annual training in addition to being required to report annually regarding enforcement actions in those locations.[176]

Central America

In April 2019, Blumenthal was one of thirty-four senators to sign a letter to President Trump encouraging him "to listen to members of your own Administration and reverse a decision that will damage our national security and aggravate conditions inside Central America", asserting that Trump had "consistently expressed a flawed understanding of U.S. foreign assistance" since becoming president and that he was "personally undermining efforts to promote U.S. national security and economic prosperity" through preventing the use of Fiscal Year 2018 national security funding. The senators argued that foreign assistance to Central American countries created less migration to the U.S., citing the funding's helping to improve conditions in those countries.[177]

China

In April 2018, Blumenthal stated his support for "strong efforts to crack down on intellectual property theft and unfair trade practices by China or any other nation" but that President Trump was implementing "trade policy by tweet, reaction based on impulse and rash rhetoric that can only escalate tensions with all economic powers and lead to a trade war" and that actions by the United States through trade without a strategy or an endgame seemed "highly dangerous" to the American economy.[178]

In June 2018, Blumenthal cosponsored a bipartisan bill that would reinstate penalties on ZTE for export control violations in addition to barring American government agencies from either purchasing or leasing equipment or services from ZTE or Huawei. The bill was offered as an amendment to the National Defense Authorization Act and was in direct contrast to the Trump administration's announced intent to ease sanctions on ZTE.[179]

In August 2018, Blumenthal and 16 other lawmakers urged the Trump administration to impose sanctions under the Global Magnitsky Act against Chinese officials who are responsible for human rights abuses against the Uyghur Muslim minority in western China's Xinjiang region.[180] They wrote: "The detention of as many as a million or more Uyghurs and other predominantly Muslim ethnic minorities in "political reeducation” centers or camps requires a tough, targeted, and global response."[181]

In May 2019, Blumenthal was a cosponsor of the South China Sea and East China Sea Sanctions Act, a bipartisan bill reintroduced by Marco Rubio and Ben Cardin that was intended to disrupt China's consolidation or expansion of its claims of jurisdiction over both the sea and air space in disputed zones in the South China Sea.[182]

In July 2019, Blumenthal was a cosponsor of the Defending America’s 5G Future Act, a bill that would prevent Huawei from being removed from the "entity list" of the Commerce Department without an act of Congress and authorize Congress to block administration waivers for U.S. companies to do business with Huawei. The bill would also codify President Trump’s executive order from the previous May that empowered his administration to block foreign tech companies deemed a national security threat from conducting business in the United States.[183]

Middle East

In March 2017, Blumenthal co-sponsored the Israel Anti-Boycott Act (S.270), which made it a federal crime, punishable by a maximum sentence of 20 years imprisonment,[184] for Americans to encourage or participate in boycotts against Israel and Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territories if protesting actions by the Israeli government.[185]

In March 2019, Blumenthal was one of nine Democratic senators to sign a letter to Salman of Saudi Arabia requesting the release of human rights lawyer Waleed Abu al-Khair and writer Raif Badawi, women's rights activists Loujain al-Hathloul and Samar Badawi, and Dr. Walid Fitaih. The senators wrote, "Not only have reputable international organizations detailed the arbitrary detention of peaceful activists and dissidents without trial for long periods, but the systematic discrimination against women, religious minorities and mistreatment of migrant workers and others has also been well-documented."[186]

Special Counsel investigation

In March 2019, after Attorney General William Barr released a summary of the Mueller Report, Blumenthal said the issue was about "obstruction of justice, no exoneration there, and the judgment by William Barr may have been completely improper" and that he did not "deeply respect and trust the Barr summary, which was designed to frame the message before the information was available."[187] Following the redacted version of the report being released publicly by the Justice Department the following month, Blumenthal observed, "What's demonstrated in powerful and compelling detail in this report is nothing less than a national scandal. This report is far from the end of the inquiry that this country needs and deserves. It is the beginning of another chapter."[188]

In April 2019, Blumenthal was one of twelve Democratic senators to sign a letter led by Mazie Hirono that questioned the decision of Attorney General William Barr to offer "his own conclusion that the President’s conduct did not amount to obstruction of justice" and called for both the Justice Department’s inspector general and the Office of Professional Responsibility to launch an investigation into whether Barr's summary of the Mueller Report and his April 18 news conference were misleading.[189]

Telecommunications

In April 2019, Blumenthal was one of seven senators to sponsor the Digital Equity Act of 2019, legislation establishing a $120 million grant program that would fund both the creation and implementation of "comprehensive digital equity plans" in each U.S. state along with providing a $120 million grant program to give support toward projects developed by individuals and groups. The bill also gave the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) the role of evaluating and providing guidance toward digital equity projects.[190]

Unidentified aerial phenomena

Blumenthal indicated a concern for the threat of UFOs in an April 2019 Space Force Senate hearing. He stated that "The American people have no idea about the imensity of the threat in space," as "the most important facts for the American people to understand today are the facts that haven't been said today, and the reason they haven't been said is that they are largely classified." He added, "If they were privy to what we hear, and you know it much better than we do because you live it, I think they'd be pretty alarmed." He affirmed, "We have an obligation to explain to the American people why space is a domain that matters, why the threats there are real and urgent, why they are growing and important."[191]

Personal life

On June 27, 1982, Blumenthal married the former Cynthia Malkin.[192][193] They were engaged during her senior year at Harvard and married the following year.[194] She is the daughter of Peter L. Malkin and maternal granddaughter of Lawrence Wien.[194] The Blumenthals have four children together. Their son, Matt Blumenthal was elected to the Connecticut House of Representatives from the 147th district in the November 2018 election.[195]

Blumenthal's wealth exceeds $100 million, making him one of the richest members of the Senate.[3] His family's net worth is derived largely from his wife, since the Malkins are influential real estate developers and property managers with holdings including an ownership stake in the Empire State Building.[3]

Electoral history

Connecticut 145th State House District General Election, 1984[196]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Richard Blumenthal	4,863	68.18
	Republican	Johan M. Andersen III	2,270	31.82
Total votes			7,133	100.0

Connecticut 27th State Senate District General Election, 1988[197]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Richard Blumenthal (incumbent)	21,947	65.88
	Republican	Ted Lewis	11,366	34.12
Total votes			33,313	100.0

Connecticut Attorney General General Election, 1990[198]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Richard Blumenthal	572,972	59.18
	Republican	E. Gaynor Brennan, Jr.	395,289	40.82
Total votes			968,261	100.0

Connecticut Attorney General General Election, 1994[199]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Richard Blumenthal	446,434	43.60
	A Connecticut Party	Richard Blumenthal	232,879	22.74
	Total	Richard Blumenthal (incumbent)	679,313	66.34
	Republican	Richard E. Arnold	344,627	33.66
Total votes			1,023,940	100.0

Connecticut Attorney General General Election, 1998[200]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Richard Blumenthal (incumbent)	631,588	68.55
	Republican	Santa Mendoza	282,289	30.64
	Libertarian	Richard J. Pober	7,537	0.82
Total votes			921,414	100.0

Connecticut Attorney General General Election, 2002[201]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Richard Blumenthal (incumbent)	632,351	65.65
	Republican	Martha Dean	330,874	34.35
Total votes			963,225	100.0

Connecticut Attorney General General Election, 2006

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Richard Blumenthal (incumbent)	782,235	74.08
	Republican	Robert Farr	256,018	24.25
	Green	Nancy Burton	17,684	1.67
Total votes			1,055,937	100.0

Connecticut US Senator (Class III) General Election, 2010[202]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Richard Blumenthal	605,204	52.52
	Working Families	Richard Blumenthal	30,836	2.68
	Total	Richard Blumenthal	636,040	55.19
	Republican	Linda E McMahon	498,341	43.24
	Independent	Warren B Mosier	11,275	0.98
	Connecticut for Lieberman	Dr. John Mertens	6,735	0.58
Total votes			1,152,391	100.0

Connecticut US Senator (Class III) General Election, 2016[203]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Richard Blumenthal	920,766	57.68
	Working Families	Richard Blumenthal	87,948	5.48
	Total	Richard Blumenthal (incumbent)	1,008,714	63.19
	Republican	Dan Carter	552,621	34.62
	Libertarian	Richard Lion	18,190	1.14
	Green	Jeffery Russell	16,713	1.05
Total votes			1,596,238	100.0

See also

• List of Jewish members of the United States Congress

Notes

References

1. Tomasson, Robert E. (October 11, 1981). "Westport Lawyer Prepares for U.s. Role". The New York Times.
2. NW, The Center for Responsive Politics 1300 L. St; Washington, Suite 200; info, DC 20005 telelphone857-0044. "Richard Blumenthal- Net Worth - Personal Finances". OpenSecrets.
3. Anand, Priya (August 17, 2012). "Blumenthal at high end of Senate millionaires' club: Financial disclosure forms: Senator's estimated net worth soars from $73 million to $112 million". Connecticut Post. Bridgeport, CT.
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5. "Miss Malkin Plans Bridal". The New York Times. November 29, 1981. Retrieved May 22, 2010.
6. Hladky, Gregory B. A Closer Look At Richard Blumenthal. Hartford Advocate. April 27, 2010.
7. Jewish Virtual Library: Richard Blumenthal, retrieved December 22, 2011
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9. Plotz, David. Just Call Him Senator: An assessment of Richard Blumenthal, the man most likely to replace Connecticut's Christopher Dodd. Slate. January 6, 2010.
10. "Attorney General Richard Blumenthal timeline". January 7, 2010.
11. Volume 82, Number 4, March 1973. Archived June 2, 2011, at the Wayback Machine The Yale Law Journal.
12. "Bill Clinton stumps for Richard Blumenthal in Conn. Senate race", The Associated Press, September 26, 2010.
13. "Interviews – Robert Reich | The Clinton Years | FRONTLINE". PBS. January 16, 2001. Retrieved May 26, 2012.
14. Pershing, Ben (May 19, 2010). "Senate Hopeful Richard Blumenthal Addresses Report He Lied About Vietnam Record". Washington Post.
15. Taranto, James (May 18, 2010). "Dick Blumenthal, Reporting for Duty". The Wall Street Journal. New York, NY.
16. "Dick Blumenthal, Reporting for Duty".
17. Hernandez, Raymond (May 18, 2010). "Candidate's Words on Vietnam Service Differ From History". The New York Times. Retrieved August 7, 2017.
18. Dixon, Ken (May 22, 2010). "Blumenthal an easy victor". Connecticut Post.
19. "He served in the Marine Reserve". Photo page. The New York Times. May 28, 2010. Retrieved February 9, 2017.
20. "Senator Blumenthal Honored at Yale Graduate School Diversity Conference", Yale News, April 2, 2012.
21. Adams, Richard (May 18, 2010). "Richard Blumenthal's Vietnam fight-back: Democratic candidate Richard Blumenthal is battling on over accusations he falsely claimed military service in Vietnam". The Guardian. New York, NY.
22. Hernandez, Raymond (May 17, 2010). "Candidate's Words on Vietnam Service Differ From History". The New York Times. New York, NY.
23. Mann, Ted (May 19, 2010). "Blumenthal defends service record". The Day. New London, CT. Attorney General Richard Blumenthal Tuesday acknowledged having "misplaced words" in 2008 when describing his service during the Vietnam War, but he forcefully denied that he had intentionally misled voters into thinking he saw combat in Southeast Asia.
24. Condon, Stephanie (May 24, 2010). "Richard Blumenthal Apologizes for Exaggerating Military Service". CBS.com. New York, NY.
25. "Timeline: Richard Blumenthal". Hartford Courant. Archived from the original on December 29, 2010. Retrieved April 3, 2011.
26. Walsh, Erin. Attorney General Richard Blumenthal timeline. Stamford Advocate. January 6, 2010.
27. New York Times: "Miss Malkin Is Married" June 28, 1982
28. New York Times: "Miss Malkin Plans Bridal" November 29, 1981
29. Bass, Paul (October 19, 2010). "Murder Trial Puts Death Penalty in Spotlight in Connecticut Campaigns". New York Times. Retrieved April 3, 2011.
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Further reading

• Altimari, Dave and Mahony, Edmund (January 30, 2010). Computer Firm Owner Awarded $18 Million In Countersuit Against State. Courant.com. Retrieved February 7, 2010.
• Mosher, James (December 27, 2009). Don't outlaw our stoves, Eastern Connecticut farmers urge, Attorney general: Burning wood outside pollutes air. NorwichBulletin.com. Retrieved January 6, 2010.
• Pesci, Donald (December 10, 2009). Blumenthal: worst Attorney General in U.S.. RegisterCitizen.com. Retrieved January 6, 2010.
• Baue, William (July 9, 2002). Connecticut Fights to Keep Stanley Works from Disappearing to Bermuda. Socialfunds.com. Retrieved September 5, 2004.
• Connecticut Attorney General's Office (August 14, 1997). Governor, Attorney General Urge Tighter Restrictions on Air Pollution. Press release. Retrieved September 5, 2004.
• Connecticut Attorney General's Office (October 15, 2001). Attorney General Submits Comments To FERC Opposing Formation Of Regional Transmission Organization. Press release. Retrieved September 5, 2004.
• Connecticut Attorney General's Office (May 10, 2002). Lawsuit Filed By Blumenthal, Nappier Brings Halt To Stanley Works' Reincorporation Plans. Press release. Retrieved September 5, 2004.
• Connecticut Attorney General's Office (June 3, 2002). Attorney General Asks SEC To Investigate Stanley Works Vote. Press release. Retrieved September 5, 2004.
• Connecticut Attorney General's Office (September 30, 2003). Blumenthal, New England AGs And Consumer Advocates Warn That Proposed RTO Will Raise Rates, Without Consumer Benefit. Press release. Retrieved September 5, 2004.
• Connecticut Attorney General's Office (October 27, 2003). Connecticut and 11 Other States File Suit to Prevent Weakening of the Clean Air Act. Press release. Retrieved September 5, 2004.
• Patrick, Mike (October 10, 2003). Law School lauds Blumenthal with public service award. QUDaily. Retrieved September 5, 2004.
• Sorry, Stanley - editorial (May 9, 2003). Wall Street Journal, cited from the article at The Center for Freedom and Prosperity, The Wall Street Journal, May 9, 2003. Retrieved September 5, 2004.
• Peterson, Paul; White, David; Doolittle, Nick; & Roschelle, Amy (September 29, 2003) of Synapse, Energy Economics Inc. FERC's Transmission Pricing Policy: New England Cost Impacts. Report commissioned by Connecticut Attorney General's Office.
• Subcommittee on Select Revenue Measures of the House Committee on Ways and Means (June 6, 2002). Statement of the Hon. Richard Blumenthal, Attorney General, Connecticut Attorney General's Office. Retrieved September 5, 2004.
• Subcommittee on Select Revenue Measures of the House Committee on Ways and Means (June 25, 2002). Statement of the Hon. Richard Blumenthal, Attorney General, Connecticut Attorney General's Office, Hearing on Corporate Inversions. Retrieved September 5, 2004.
• Plotz, David (September 15, 2000). "Richard Blumenthal: He was supposed to be president. So why is he only Connecticut's attorney general?". Slate.com. Retrieved January 6, 2010.
• Titus, Elizabeth, "Blumenthal predicts Hagel will be confirmed", Politico, 1/13/13. Re: Chuck Hagel's nomination as US Secretary of Defense; Blumenthal seat on Armed Services noted; Blumenthal spoke on Fox News Sunday.

External links

• Senator Richard Blumenthal official U.S. Senate site
• Blumenthal for Senate
• Richard Blumenthal at Curlie
• Appearances on C-SPAN
• Biography at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
• Profile at Vote Smart
• Financial information (federal office) at the Federal Election Commission
• Legislation sponsored at the Library of Congress

Legal offices
Preceded by Peter Dorsey	United States Attorney for the District of Connecticut 1977–1981	Succeeded by Alan Nevas
Preceded by Clarine Riddle	Attorney General of Connecticut 1991–2011	Succeeded by George Jepsen
Connecticut House of Representatives
Preceded by Anthony Truglia	Member of the Connecticut House of Representatives from the 145th district 1985–1987	Succeeded by Nicholas Pavia
Connecticut Senate
Preceded by Anthony Truglia	Member of the Connecticut Senate from the 27th district 1987–1991	Succeeded by George Jepsen
Party political offices
Preceded by Chris Dodd	Democratic nominee for U.S. Senator from Connecticut (Class 3) 2010, 2016	Most recent
U.S. Senate
Preceded by Chris Dodd	U.S. Senator (Class 3) from Connecticut 2011–present Served alongside: Joe Lieberman, Chris Murphy	Incumbent
Preceded by Richard Burr	Ranking Member of the Senate Veterans' Affairs Committee 2015–2017	Succeeded by Jon Tester
U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial)
Preceded by Rand Paul	United States Senators by seniority 54th	Succeeded by Mike Lee