Pakatan Harapan

Pakatan Harapan (PH; Malay for 'Alliance of Hope') is an opposition political coalition in Malaysia, a successor to Pakatan Rakyat (PR) (the other party is Gagasan Sejahtera (GS)). It was the ruling coalition of Malaysia from 9 May 2018 to its fall on 24 February 2020 for less than 2 years. It was established on 22 September 2015 as the Opposition to the then-ruling Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition that had ruled the country since independence (Barisan Nasional's direct predecessor was known as the Alliance Party coalition). The coalition is allied with the Sabah Heritage Party (WARISAN) and the United Progressive Kinabalu Organisation (UPKO) in the state of Sabah. At the state level, the coalition is the largest party in five of thirteen state legislative assemblies and forms the government in the states of Penang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, and Sabah.[note 1] Pakatan Harapan also forms a government with a two-thirds majority in the states of Penang and Selangor.

Alliance of Hope
Malay namePakatan Harapan
ڤاكتن هارڤن
Chinese name希望联盟
Xīwàng liánméng
Tamil nameநம்பிக்கை கூட்டணி
AbbreviationPH
ChairmanAnwar Ibrahim
PresidentWan Azizah Wan Ismail
Deputy PresidentsLim Guan Eng
Mohamad Sabu
Vice-PresidentsChong Chieng Jen
Salahuddin Ayub
M. Kulasegaran
Christina Liew[1]
Founded22 September 2015 (2015-09-22)
Legalised16 May 2018 (2018-05-16)[2]
Preceded byPakatan Rakyat
HeadquartersKuala Lumpur (DAP and AMANAH)
Petaling Jaya (PKR)
NewspaperThe Rocket
Roketkini
Suara Keadilan
Suara Amanah
Keadilan Daily
Suara Pakatan Daily
Student wingMahasiswa Pakatan Harapan
Youth wingPemuda Pakatan Harapan[3][4]
Women's wingWanita Pakatan Harapan[5]
MembershipPeople's Justice Party (PKR)
Democratic Action Party (DAP)
National Trust Party (Malaysia) (AMANAH)
IdeologySocial democracy
Progressivism
Reformism
Political positionCentre-left
Colours     Red and white
SloganPakatan Harapan Rakyat!
Dewan Negara
19 / 70
Dewan Rakyat
109 / 222
Dewan Undangan Negeri
214 / 593
Election symbol
Website
pakatanharapan.com.my
Malaysia
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The coalition was formed on 22 September 2015, consisting of the Democratic Action Party, People's Justice Party, National Trust Party and Malaysian United Indigenous Party.[6] The coalition was formed as an alliance of centre-left to centre-right parties to contest the 2018 Malaysian general election. The coalition contested the election under the logo of a component party, the People's Justice Party (PKR), due to inability to register as an official coalition.

After the 2018 general elections, Pakatan Harapan chairman Mahathir Mohamad was appointed Prime Minister of Malaysia while its president, Wan Azizah Wan Ismail, was appointed Deputy Prime Minister. Mahathir Mohamad became the first prime minister from Pakatan Harapan, and the first prime minister to have tenures with two different parties.

On 24 February 2020, Mahathir resigned as Prime Minister. Malaysian United Indigenous Party and 10 MPs from People's Justice Party subsequently withdrew from the Pakatan Harapan coalition, depriving the government of its majority in Parliament.[7][8][9]

History

Formation

Pakatan Harapan is a direct successor to the three-party Pakatan Rakyat coalition that consisted of the People's Justice Party (PKR), the Democratic Action Party (DAP) and the Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS). Pakatan Harapan was founded on 22 September 2015, two years after the 2013 general election, due to disagreements and conflicts between PAS and DAP mainly regarding the issue of the implementation of the sharia law, resulting in PAS splitting off from Pakatan Rakyat and the break-up of the coalition on 16 June 2015.[10][11] The dissolution resulted in the formation of a new coalition named Pakatan Harapan, consisting the former Pakatan Rakyat parties, PKR and DAP, and a PAS split-off party, the National Trust Party (AMANAH).[12][13]

On 12 November 2016, a United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) split-off party, the Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU), founded and led by former Malaysian Prime Minister, Mahathir Mohamad, confirmed that the party was committed to joining the opposition bloc Pakatan Harapan.[14][15] Later, on 13 December, the party formed an electoral pact with Pakatan Harapan,[16] and finally on 14 March 2017, BERSATU officially joined Pakatan Harapan as a member party.[17]

2018 general election

On 14 July 2017, the Presidential council line-up was confirmed. A common logo was also introduced with the word “Harapan” with the “A” shaped as a chevron in white on a red background. The logo was initially planned to be used by all participating candidates for the 2018 general election, but the use of the logo and registration of the coalition was denied by the Election Commission.[18] To pursue the coalition's plan to contest under a common logo, Pakatan announced that the PKR logo will be used by all component parties of the coalition as its election symbol in the elections,[19] excluding for DAP who chose to contest under their own party flag in Sabah and Sarawak.[20][21][22]

The coalition secured an electoral pact with the Sabah-based Sabah Heritage Party (WARISAN) for the 2018 general election. WARISAN's president, Shafie Apdal, promised that the party would be represented on the federal cabinet if the coalition came to power,[23] adding that through the electoral pact they will only co-operate with Pakatan as an ally, and not joining the pact as a component party since they will only contest in Sabah, not in Peninsular Malaysia.[24] Following the victory of Pakatan Harapan and WARISAN in the general election, the United Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Murut Organisation (UPKO) announced that they have left Barisan Nasional and will form a new Sabah state government with WARISAN and Pakatan Harapan.[25] UPKO and WARISAN are currently both the allies for Pakatan Harapan since both parties are also allied towards each others in Sabah.[26]

At the state level, due to 2018 general election results that the coalition forms the government in the states of Kedah, Penang, Perak, Selangor, Melaka Negeri Sembilan, Johor and Sabah.[note 2] Pakatan Harapan also forms a government with a two-thirds majority in the states of Penang, Selangor and Johor.

Post-election

On 16 May 2018, the coalition was officially registered.[27]

On 24 February 2020, Mahathir resigned as the Prime Minister. PPBM, which had 26 MPs, withdrew from the ruling Pakatan Harapan coalition. In addition, 11 MPs from PKR resigned from the party to form an independent bloc. This leaves Pakatan Harapan 37 seats short of the 112 seats needed to form a government. The surprise announcement came amid speculation that Mahathir was attempting to form a new ruling coalition that would exclude his designated successor Anwar Ibrahim.[7][8][9] However, Anwar later clarified to reporters that Mahathir did not orchestrate the act.[28]

At the state level, Pakatan Harapan lost control of Johor, Melaka, Kedah and Perak. A few PKR, DAP and AMANAH representatives in the state legislative assemblies quit their party and expressed support for the new government Perikatan Nasional in those four states.[29][30][31][32]

Member parties, allied parties and strategic partners
Flag Name Ideology Leader(s) Seats
contested		 2018 result Current
seats
Votes (%) Seats Composition
Member parties
DAP Democratic Action Party
Parti Tindakan Demokratik		 Social democracy Lim Guan Eng 47 17.37%
42 / 222
42 / 109
PKR People's Justice Party
Parti Keadilan Rakyat		 Progressivism Anwar Ibrahim 71 16.94%
47 / 222
38 / 109
AMANAH National Trust Party
Parti Amanah Negara		 Islamic modernism Mohamad Sabu 34 5.43%
11 / 222
11 / 109
Allied parties (PH Plus)
WARISAN Sabah Heritage Party
Parti Warisan Sabah		 Sabahan regionalism Shafie Apdal 17 2.32%
8 / 222
9 / 109
PEJUANG Party of Homeland's Fighters
Parti Pejuang Tanah Air[33][34]		 Ethnic nationalism, Conservatism Mahathir Mohamad N/A N/A
0 / 222
6 / 109
PSB Sarawak United Party
Parti Sarawak Bersatu		 Regionalism Wong Soon Koh N/A N/A
0 / 222
2 / 109
UPKO United Progressive People of Kinabalu Organisation
Pertubuhan Kinabalu Progresif Bersatu		 Sabahan regionalism Wilfred Madius Tangau 4
(under BN)		 0.47%
1 / 222
1 / 109
MAP Malaysian Advancement Party
Parti Kemajuan Malaysia		 Dravidianism, Malaysian Indian Waytha Moorthy Ponnusamy N/A N/A
0 / 222
0 / 109
Strategic partners
MIRA Minority Rights Action Party
Parti Tindakan Hak Minoriti		 Malaysian Indian, Liberal democracy, Minority rights S. Gobi Krishnan N/A N/A
0 / 222
0 / 109
HINDRAF Hindu Rights Action Force
Barisan Bertindak Hak-Hak Hindu		 Malaysian Hindu Waytha Moorthy Ponnusamy
Uthayakumar Ponnusamy
Manoharan Malayaram
Vasantha Kumar Krishnan
Ganabatirau Veraman		 N/A N/A
0 / 222
0 / 109

Leadership structure

Elected representatives

Dewan Negara (Senate)

Senators
Main article: Members of the Dewan Negara, 14th Malaysian Parliament

Dewan Rakyat (House of Representatives)

Members of Parliament of the 14th Malaysian Parliament
Main article: Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 14th Malaysian Parliament

Pakatan Harapan has 103 members in the House of Representatives (with allied parties).

State No. Parliament Constituency Member Party
 PerlisP002KangarNoor Amin AhmadPKR
 Kedah P004LangkawiMahathir MohamadPEJUANG
P005JerlunMukhriz MahathirPEJUANG
P006Kubang PasuAmiruddin HamzahPEJUANG
P008Pokok SenaMahfuz OmarPAN
P009Alor SetarChan Ming KaiPKR
P010Kuala KedahAzman IsmailPKR
P014MerbokNor Azrina SuripPKR
P015Sungai PetaniJohari AbdulPKR
P017Padang SeraiKaruppaiya MuthusamyPKR
P018Kulim-Bandar BaharuSaifuddin Nasution IsmailPKR
 Penang P043BaganLim Guan EngDAP
P044Permatang PauhNurul Izzah AnwarPKR
P045Bukit MertajamSteven Sim Chee KeongDAP
P046Batu KawanKasthuriraani PattoDAP
P048Bukit BenderaWong Hon WaiDAP
P049TanjongChow Kon YeowDAP
P050JelutongSanisvara Nethaji Rayer Rajaji RayerDAP
P051Bukit GelugorRamkarpal SinghDAP
P052Bayan BaruSim Tze TzinPKR
P053Balik PulauMuhammad Bakhtiar Wan ChikPKR
 Perak P057Parit BuntarMujahid Yusof RawaPAN
P060TaipingTeh Kok LimDAP
P062Sungai SiputKesavan SubramaniamPKR
P064Ipoh TimorWong Kah WohDAP
P065Ipoh BaratKulasegaran MurugesonDAP
P066Batu GajahSivakumar Varatharaju NaiduDAP
P068BeruasJames Ngeh Koo HamDAP
P070KamparThomas Su Keong SiongDAP
P071GopengLee Boon ChyePKR
P074LumutMohd Hatta RamliPAN
P076Teluk IntanDavid Nga Kor MingDAP
P077Tanjong MalimChang Lih KangPKR
 PahangP080RaubTengku Zulpuri Shah Raja PujiDAP
P083KuantanFuziah SallehPKR
P088TemerlohAnuar TahirPAN
P089BentongWong TackDAP
 Selangor P094Hulu SelangorJune Leow Hsiad HuiPKR
P096Kuala SelangorDzulkefly AhmadPAN
P097SelayangWilliam Leong Jee KeenPKR
P100PandanWan Azizah Wan IsmailPKR
P101Hulu LangatHasanuddin Mohd. YunusPAN
P102BangiOng Kian MingDAP
P103PuchongGobind Singh DeoDAP
P104SubangWong ChenPKR
P105Petaling JayaMaria Chin AbdullahPKR
P106DamansaraTony Pua Kiam WeeDAP
P107Sungai BulohSivarasa RasiahPKR
P108Shah AlamKhalid SamadPAN
P109KaparAbdullah Sani Abdul HamidPKR
P110KlangCharles Anthony SantiagoDAP
P111Kota RajaMohamad SabuPAN
P112Kuala LangatXavier Jayakumar ArulanandamPKR
P113SepangMohamed Hanipa MaidinPAN
 Kuala LumpurP114KepongLim Lip EngDAP
P115BatuPrabakaran M. ParameswaranPKR
P116Wangsa MajuTan Yee KewPKR
P117SegambutHannah Yeoh Tseow SuanDAP
P118SetiawangsaNik Nazmi Nik AhmadPKR
P120Bukit BintangFong Kui LunDAP
P121Lembah PantaiFahmi FadzilPKR
P122SeputehTeresa Kok Suh SimDAP
P123CherasTan Kok WaiDAP
 Negeri SembilanP128SerembanAnthony Loke Siew FookDAP
P130RasahCha Kee ChinDAP
P132Port DicksonAnwar IbrahimPKR
P133TampinHasan BaharomPAN
 Malacca P136Tangga BatuRusnah AluaiPKR
P137Hang Tuah JayaShamsul Iskandar Md. AkinPKR
P138Kota MelakaKhoo Poay TiongDAP
 Johor P141SekijangNatrah IsmailPKR
P142LabisPang Hok LiongDAP
P144LedangSyed Ibrahim Syed NohPKR
P146MuarSyed Saddiq Syed Abdul RahmanPEJUANG
P145BakriYeo Bee YinDAP
P149Sri GadingShahruddin Md SallehPEJUANG
P151Simpang RenggamMaszlee MalikPEJUANG
P152KluangWong Shu QiDAP
P158TebrauSteven Choong Shiau YoonPKR
P159Pasir GudangHassan Abdul KarimPKR
P160Johor BahruAkmal Nasrullah Mohd NasirPKR
P161PulaiSalahuddin AyubPAN
P162Iskandar PuteriLim Kit SiangDAP
P163KulaiTeo Nie ChingDAP
 LabuanP166LabuanRozman IsliWARISAN
 Sabah P169Kota BeludIsnaraissah Munirah Majilis @ FakharuddyWARISAN
P170TuaranWilfred Madius TangauUPKO
P171SepanggarMohd. Azis JammanWARISAN
P172Kota KinabaluChan Foong HinDAP
P173PutatanAwang Husaini SahariPKR
P174PenampangDarell LeikingWARISAN
P175PaparAhmad HassanWARISAN
P181TenomNoorita SualDAP
P185Batu SapiLiew Vui KeongWARISAN
P186SandakanVivian Wong Shir YeeDAP
P188Lahad Datu (Silam)Mohammadin KetapiWARISAN
P189SempornaMohd. Shafie Mohd. ApdalWARISAN
P190TawauChristina Liew Chin JinPKR
P191KalabakanMa'mun SulaimanWARISAN
 SarawakP192Mas GadingMordi BimolDAP
P195Bandar KuchingKelvin Yii Lee WuenDAP
P196StampinChong Chieng JenDAP
P202Sri AmanMasir KujatPSB
P208SarikeiWong Ling BiuDAP
P209JulauLarry Sng Wei ShienPKR
P211LanangAlice Lau Kiong YiengDAP
P212SibuOscar Ling Chai YewDAP
P214SelangauBaru BianPSB
P219MiriMichael Teo Yu KengPKR
TotalPerlis (1), Kedah (10), Penang (10), Perak (12), Pahang (4), Selangor (17), F.T. Kuala Lumpur (9), Negeri Sembilan (4), Malacca (3), Johor (14), F.T. Labuan (1), Sabah (14), Sarawak (10)

Dewan Undangan Negeri (State Legislative Assembly)
State No. State Constituency Member Party
 PerlisN7SenaAsrul Nizan Abd JalilPKR
N8Indera KayanganGan Ay LingPKR
N9Kuala PerlisNor Azam KarapPKR
 KedahN3Kota SiputehSalmee SaidAMANAH
N6JitraMukhriz MahathirIND
N11DergaTan Kok YewDAP
N12Suka MenantiZamri YusufPKR
N13Kota Darul AmanTeh Swee LeongDAP
N14Alor MengkuduPhahrolrazi ZawawiAMANAH
N15Anak BukitAmiruddin HamzahIND
N16Kubang RotanMohd. Asmirul Anuar RaisAMANAH
N17Pengkalan KundorIsmail SallehAMANAH
N22GurunJohari AbdulPKR
N25Bukit SelambauSummugam RengasamyPKR
N28Bakar ArangOoi Tze MinPKR
N35KulimYeo Keng ChuanPKR
 PenangN2Pinang TunggalAhmad Zakiyuddin Abdul RahmanPKR
N6Telok Ayer TawarMustapha Kamal AhmadPKR
N7Sungai PuyuPhee Boon PohDAP
N8Bagan JermalSoon Lip CheeDAP
N9Bagan DalamSatees MuniandyDAP
N11Permatang PasirMuhammad Faiz Mohamed FadzilAMANAH
N12PenantiNorlela AriffinPKR
N13BerapitHeng Lee LeeDAP
N14Machang BubokLee Khai LoonPKR
N15Padang LalangChong EngDAP
N16PeraiRamasamy PalanisamyDAP
N17Bukit TengahGooi Hsiao-LeungPKR
N18Bukit TambunGoh Choon AikPKR
N19JawiH’ng Mooi LyeDAP
N21Sungai BakapAmar Pritpal AbdullahPKR
N22Tanjong BungaZairil Khir JohariDAP
N23Air PutihLim Guan EngDAP
N24Kebun BungaOng Khan LeePKR
N25Pulau TikusLee Chun KitDAP
N26Padang KotaChow Kon YeowDAP
N27Pengkalan KotaGooi Zi SenDAP
N28KomtarTeh Lai HengDAP
N29Datok KeramatJagdeep Singh DeoDAP
N30Sungai PinangLim Siew KhimDAP
N31Batu LancangOng Ah TeongDAP
N32Seri DelimaSyerleena Abdul RashidDAP
N33Air ItamJoseph Ng Soon SeongDAP
N34Paya TerubongYeoh Soon HinDAP
N35Batu UbanKumaresan AramugamPKR
N36Pantai JerejakSaifuddin Nasution IsmailPKR
N37Batu MaungAbdul Halim HussainPKR
N38Bayan LepasAzrul Mahathir AzizAMANAH
N39Pulau BetongMohd.Tuah IsmailPKR
 PerakN16KamuntingMund. Fadhil NuruddinAMANAH
N17Pokok AssamLeow Thye YihDAP
N18AulongNga Kor MingDAP
N22JalongLoh Sze YeeDAP
N23ManjoiAsmuni AwiAMANAH
N24Hulu KintaMuhamad Arafat Varisai MahamadPKR
N25CanningJenny Choy Tsi JenDAP
N26Tebing TinggiAbdul Aziz BariDAP
N27Pasir PinjiHoward LeeDAP
N28BerchamOng Boon PiowDAP
N29KepayangKo Chung SenDAP
N31JelapangCheah Poh HianDAP
N32MenglembuChaw Kam FoonDAP
N37Pantai RemisWong May IngDAP
N38AstakaTeoh Yee ChernDAP
N41Malim NawarLeong Cheok KengDAP
N42KeranjiChong Zhe MinDAP
N44Sungai RapatMohammad Nizar JamaluddinAMANAH
N45Simpang PulaiTan Kar HingPKR
N46TejaNg Shy ChingPKR
N51Pasir PanjangYahaya Mat NorAMANAH
N55Pasir BedamarTerence Naidu Rajan Naidu @ RajanaiduDAP
N57SungkaiSivanesan AchalingamDAP
N59BehrangAminuddin ZulkipliAMANAH
 PahangN1Tanah RataChiong Yoke KongDAP
N7TrasChow Yu HuiDAP
N13SemambuLee Chean ChungPKR
N14TeruntumSim Chon SiangPKR
N30MentakabWoo Chee WanDAP
N33BilutLee Chin ChenDAP
N34KetariYoung Syefura OthmanDAP
N35SabaiKamache Doray RajooDAP
N36TriangLeong Yu ManDAP
 SelangorN4SekinchanNg Suee LimDAP
N6Kuala Kubu BaharuLee Kee HiongDAP
N7 Batang Kali Harumaini Omar IND
N9PermatangRozana Zainal AbidinPKR
N10Bukit MelawatiJuwairiya ZulkifliPKR
N11IjokIdris AhmadPKR
N12 Jeram Mohd Shaid Rosli IND
N13 Kuang Sallehudin Amiruddin IND
N14RawangChua Wei KiatPKR
N15Taman TemplerMohd Sany HamzanAMANAH
N16Sungai TuaAmirudin ShariPKR
N18Hulu KelangSaari SungibAMANAH
N21Pandan IndahIzham HashimAMANAH
N22TerataiLai Wai ChongDAP
N23Dusun TuaEdry Faizal Eddy YusofDAP
N25KajangHee Loy SianPKR
N26Sungai RamalMazwan JoharAMANAH
N27BalakongWong Siew KiDAP
N28Seri KembanganEan Yong Hiah WahDAP
N29Seri SerdangSiti Mariah MahmudAMANAH
N30KinraraNg Sze HanDAP
N31Subang JayaMichelle Ng Mei SzeDAP
N32Seri SetiaHalimey Abu BakarPKR
N33Taman MedanSyamsul Firdaus Mohamed SupriPKR
N34Bukit GasingRajiv RishyakaranDAP
N35Kampung TunkuLim Yi WeiDAP
N36Bandar UtamaJamaliah JamaluddinDAP
N37Bukit LanjanElizabeth WongPKR
N38Paya JarasMohd.Khairuddin OthmanPKR
N39Kota DamansaraShatiri MansorPKR
N40Kota AnggerikNajwan HalimiPKR
N41Batu TigaRodziah IsmailPKR
N42MeruMohd. Fakhrulrazi Mohd. MokhtarAMANAH
N45Bandar Baru KlangTeng Chang KhimDAP
N46Pelabuhan KlangAzmizam Zaman HuriPKR
N47PandamaranLeong Tuck CheeDAP
N48SentosaGunaraj GeorgePKR
N49Sungai KandisMohd.Zawawi Ahmad MughniPKR
N50Kota KemuningGanabatirau VeramanDAP
N51Tanjong SepatBorhan Ahmad ShahPKR
N52BantingLau Weng SanDAP
N53MoribHasnul BaharuddinAMANAH
N56Sungai PelekRonnie Liu Tian KhiewDAP
 Negeri SembilanN1ChennahAnthony Loke Siew FookDAP
N4KelawangBakri SawirAMANAH
N8BahauTeo Kok SeongDAP
N9LenggengSuhaimi KassimAMANAH
N10NilaiArul Kumar JambunathanDAP
N11LobakChew She YongDAP
N12TemiangNg Chin TsaiDAP
N13SikamatAminuddin HarunPKR
N14AmpanganMohamad Rafie Ab. MalikPKR
N18PilahMohamad Nazaruddin SabtuPKR
N20LabuIsmail AhmadPKR
N21Bukit KepayangNichole Tan Lee KoonDAP
N22RahangMary Josephine Pritam SinghDAP
N23MambauYap Yew WengDAP
N24Seremban JayaGunasekaren PalasamyDAP
N25ParoiMohd Taufek Abd GhaniAMANAH
N29ChuahYek Diew ChingPKR
N30LukutChoo Ken HwaDAP
N33Sri TanjongRavi MunasamyPKR
N36RepahVeerapan SuperamaniamDAP
 MelakaN7GadekSaminathan GanesanDAP
N8Machap JayaGinie LimPKR
N9Durian TunggalMohd Sofi Abdul WahabAMANAH
N14KlebangGue TeckPKR
N16Ayer KerohKerk Chee YeeDAP
N17Bukit KatilAdly ZahariAMANAH
N19KesidangSeah Shoo ChinDAP
N20Kota LaksamanaLow Chee LeongDAP
N21DuyongDamian Yeo Shen LiDAP
N22Bandar HilirTey Kok KiewDAP
N24BembanWong Fort PinDAP
 JohorN2JementahTan Chen ChoonDAP
N4KemelahSulaiman Mohd NorAMANAH
N6BekokRamakrishnan SuppiahDAP
N10TangkakEe Chin LiDAP
N11SeromFaizul Amri AdnanAMANAH
N12BentayanNg Yak HoweDAP
N13Simpang JeramSalahuddin AyubAMANAH
N14Bukit NaningMd.Ysahrudin KusniPKR
N15MaharaniNor Hayati BachokAMANAH
N17SemerahMohd. Khuzzan Abu BakarPKR
N19Yong PengChew Peck ChooDAP
N21Parit YaaniAmunolhuda HassanAMANAH
N23PenggaramGan Peck ChengDAP
N24SenggarangKhairuddin A. RahimAMANAH
N28MengkibolChew Chong SinDAP
N29MahkotaMuhamad Said JonitAMANAH
N30PalohSheikh Umar Bagharib AliDAP
N40TiramGopalakrishnan SubramaniamPKR
N42Johor JayaLiow Chai TungDAP
N45StulangChen Kah EngDAP
N46PerlingCheo Yee HowDAP
N48SkudaiTan Hong PinDAP
N49Kota IskandarDzulkefly AhmadAMANAH
N51Bukit BatuJimmy Pua Wee TsePKR
N52SenaiTee Boon TsongDAP
N54Pulai SebatangMuhammad Taqiuddin Che'manAMANAH
N55Pekan NanasYeo Tung SiongDAP
 SabahN1BanggiMohamad MohammarinWARISAN
N2Tanjong KaporBen Chong Chen BinWARISAN
N7KadamaianEwon BenedickUPKO
N12KarambunaiAzhar MatussinWARISAN
N14LikasTan Lee FattDAP
N15Api-ApiChristina LiewPKR
N16LuyangPhoong Jin ZheDAP
N17Tanjong AruJunz Wong Hong JunWARISAN
N18PetagasUda SulaiWARISAN
N19KapayanJannie LasimbangDAP
N20MoyogJenifer LasimbangWARISAN
N22Pantai ManisAidi MokhtarWARISAN
N23BongawanDaud YusofWARISAN
N28SinduminYusof YacobWARISAN
N34LiawanRasinin KautisWARISAN
N35MelalapPeter AnthonyWARISAN
N41Gum-GumArunarsin TaibWARISAN
N43SekongArifin AsgaliWARISAN
N44KaramuntingHiew Vun ZinWARISAN
N45ElopuraCalvin Chong Ket KiunDAP
N46Tanjong PapatFrankie Poon Ming FungDAP
N49TungkuAssaffal P AlianWARISAN
N50Lahad Datu (Silam)Dumi Pg MasdalWARISAN
N51KunakNorazlinah ArifWARISAN
N52SulabayanJaujan SambakongWARISAN
N53SenallangMohd Shafie ApdalWARISAN
N54BugayaManis Buka Mohd DarahWARISAN
N57Sri TanjongWong Sze PhinDAP
N58MerotaiSarifuddin HataWARISAN
 SarawakN1OparRanum MinaPSB
N10PendingViolet Yong Wui WuiDAP
N11Batu LintangSee Chee HowPSB
N12Kota SentosaChong Chieng JenDAP
N33EngkililiJohnical Rayong NgipaPSB
N51Bukit AssekIrene Mary Chang Oi LingDAP
N52DudongTiong Thai KingPSB
N53Bawang AssanWong Soon KohPSB
N54PelawanDavid Wong Kee WoanDAP
N68Tanjong BatuChiew Chiu SingDAP
N81Ba'kelalanBaru BianPSB
TotalPerlis (3), Kedah (13), Penang (33), Perak (24), Pahang (9), Selangor (40), Negeri Sembilan (20), Malacca (11), Johor (27), Sabah (23), Sarawak (11)

General election results
Election Total seats won Seats contesed Total votes Voting Percentage Outcome of election Election leader
2018
121 / 222
 222 5,615,822 45.56% 125 seats; Governing coalition Mahathir Mohamad

State election results

Pakatan Harapan state governments
State Leader type Member Party State Constituency
 Negeri SembilanMenteri BesarAminuddin HarunPKRSikamat
 PenangChief MinisterChow Kon YeowDAPPadang Kota
 SabahChief MinisterShafie ApdalWARISANSenallang
 SelangorMenteri BesarAmirudin ShariPKRSungai Tua

Notes
  1. The state government of Sabah was formed with a confidence and supply agreement with WARISAN and UPKO.
  2. The state government of Sabah was formed with a confidence and supply agreement with WARISAN and UPKO.
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References
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