List of countries by income equality
This is a list of countries or dependencies by income inequality metrics, including Gini coefficients. The Gini coefficient is a number between 0 and 1, where 0 corresponds with perfect equality (where everyone has the same income) and 1 corresponds with perfect inequality (where one person has all the income—and everyone else has no income).
Income distribution can vary greatly from wealth distribution in a country (see List of countries by distribution of wealth). Income from black market economic activity is not included and is the subject of current economic research.[2][3]
UN, World Bank and CIA list – income ratios and Gini indices
- Click sorting buttons to sort alphabetically or numerically. Can sort in ascending or descending order. The row number column on the left is fixed.
Key:
- R/P 10%
- The ratio of the average income of the richest 10% to the poorest 10%.
- R/P 20%
- The ratio of the average income of the richest 20% to the poorest 20%.
- Gini
- Gini index, a quantified representation of a nation's Lorenz curve. A Gini index of 0% expresses perfect equality, while index of 100% expresses maximal inequality.
- UN
- Data from the United Nations Development Programme.
- World Bank
- Data from the World Bank.
- CIA
- Data from the Central Intelligence Agency's The World Factbook.
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Other estimates for the World: Gini = 63.0 in 2006 (Lafuente et al, 2006).[11]
EU27 countries
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OECD countries
Gini coefficient, before taxes and transfers
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Gini coefficient, after taxes and transfers
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See also
- List of countries by inequality-adjusted HDI
- List of countries by the share of income of the richest one percent
- List of countries by percentage of population living in poverty
Notes
- Serbia is a negotiating candidate to the EU.
- Montenegro is a negotiating candidate to the EU.
References
- "GINI index (World Bank estimate) | Data". data.worldbank.org. Retrieved 2020-07-23.
- Underground economy and income inequality: two connected aspects in the oncoming context of Italian federalism Archived 2012-02-09 at the Wayback Machine. By Iacopo Odoardi and Carmen Pagliari. Vol. 15 No. 1, 2011 Archived 2012-02-09 at the Wayback Machine. Global & Local Economic Review.
- The Size of the Shadow Economies of 145 Countries all over the World: First Results over the Period 1999 to 2003. December 2004. By Friedrich Schneider (University of Linz and IZA Bonn). Institute for the Study of Labor.
- "GINI index (World Bank estimate)". data.worldbank.org. World Bank. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
- Data show the ratio of the household income or consumption share of the richest group to that of the poorest. Household income or consumption by percentage share (%), The World Factbook, CIA, updated on January 24, 2008. Note: To calculate the value given in the table for this article, the highest 10% value was divided by the lowest 10% value.
- Distribution of family income – Gini index, The World Factbook, CIA, accessed on November 24, 2011.
- Data show the ratio of the income or expenditure share of the richest group to that of the poorest. Human Development Report 2009, UNDP, accessed on July 30, 2011.
- "| Human Development Reports". hdr.undp.org. Retrieved 2019-03-04.
- Data for urban households only.
- "Poverty and Inequality Index". National Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 2020-06-08.
- Lafuente Lechuga, Matilde; Losa Carmona, Antonio; Sánchez Martínez, Antonio. 2016. «Análisis de la evolución de la desigualdad económica mundial en los últimos años» (pdf). XVI Jornadas de ASEPUMA y II Encuentro Internacional. Consultado el 12 de abril de 2014.
- "Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income – EU-SILC survey". ec.europa.eu/eurostat. Eurostat. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
- "GINI Index for Montenegro". 18 January 2018. Cite journal requires
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(help) - OECD. "Income Distribution and Poverty : by country –I nequalityY". Archived from the original on 2015-04-02.
Further reading
- "An Overview of Growing Income Inequalities in OECD Countries: Main Findings" (PDF), Divided We Stand: Why Inequality Keeps Growing, OECD Publishing, December 2011, ISBN 978-92-64-11163-9, retrieved 6 December 2011. This book released with two titles, depending on country of publication. However, the ISBN remains the same.
- Fed’s Brainard Says Middle Class Squeeze Poses Risks to Economy, May 2019, retrieved 15 May 2019 USA's Gini index is now .482 according to Federal Reserve Governor Lael Brainard.
External links
- Global Peace Index Map of Gini data for 2007–2010
- Shadow economies all over the world : new estimates for 162 countries from 1999 to 2007. Friedrich Schneider, Andreas Buehn, Claudio E. Montenegro. July 2010. World Bank.
- Allianz Global Wealth Report 2018.
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