Kashipur (community development block)

Kashipur is a community development block (CD block) that forms an administrative division in the Raghunathpur subdivision of the Purulia district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Kashipur
Community development block
Kashipur Location in West Bengal
Coordinates: 23°26′00″N 86°40′00″E
Country	India
State	West Bengal
District	Purulia
Parliamentary constituency	Purulia
Assembly constituency	Kashipur
Area
• Total	451.31 km^2 (174.25 sq mi)
Elevation	190 m (620 ft)
Population  (2011)
• Total	200,083
• Density	440/km^2 (1,100/sq mi)
Languages
• Official	Bengali, Santali, English
Time zone	UTC+5.30 (IST)
PIN	723132 (Panchakotraj) 723121 (Adra) 723168 (Manihara)
Telephone/STD code	03251
Vehicle registration	WB-55, WB-56
Literacy Rate	71.06 per cent
Website	http://purulia.gov.in/

History

Background

The Jaina Bhagavati-Sutra of the 5th century AD mentions that Purulia was one of the sixteen mahajanapadas and was a part of the kingdom known as Vajra-bhumi in ancient times. In 1833, the Manbhum district was carved out of the Jungle Mahals district, with headquarters at Manbazar. In 1838, the headquarters was transferred to Purulia. After independence, when Manbhum district was a part of Bihar, efforts were made to impose Hindi on the Bengali-speaking majority of the district and it led to the Bengali Language Movement (Manbhum). In 1956, the Manbhum district was partitioned between Bihar and West Bengal under the States Reorganization Act and the Bihar and West Bengal (Transfer of Territories) Act 1956.[1][2]

Geography

CD blocks in Purulia district

Kashipur is located at 23°26′N 86°40′E.

The Kashipur CD block is bounded by the Raghunathpur I and Santuri CD blocks on the north, the Chhatna CD block, in the Bankura district, on the east, the Hura CD block on the south and a part of the west, and the Para CD block on the west.[3]

The Kashipur CD block has an area of 451.31 km². It has 1 panchayat samity, 13 gram panchayats, 137 gram sansads (village councils), 211 mouzas, 98 inhabited villages and 3 census towns. Kashipur and Adra police stations serve this block.[4] Headquarters of this CD block are at Kalloli.[3]

Gram panchayats in the Kashipur CD block/panchayat samiti are: Agardih-Chitra, Barrah, Beko, Gagnabaid, Gourandih, Hadalda-Upprah, Kalidaha, Kashipur, Monihara, Rangamati-Ranjandih, Simla-Dhanara, Sonajuri and Sonathali.[5]

Demographics

Population

According to the 2011 Census of India, the Kashipur CD block had a total population of 200,083, of which 174,325 were rural and 25,758 were urban. There were 101,801 (51%) males and 98,282 (49%) females. There were 23,737 persons in the age range of 0 to 6 years. The Scheduled Castes numbered 57,015 (28.50%) and the Scheduled Tribes numbered 49,537 (24.76%). [6]

According to the 2001 census, the Kashipur block had a total population of 186,980, out of which 95,259 were males and 91,721 were females. The Kashipur CD block registered a population growth of 11.75 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for the Purulia district was 13.96 per cent.[7] Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.[8]

Census towns in the Kashipur CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Kantaranguri (5,435), Adra (14,956) and Lapara (5,367).[6]

Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in the Kashipur CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Palaskola (4,119).[6]

Other villages in the Kashipur CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Kashipur (2,369), Uparra (1,836), Rangamatia (1,316), Barra (2,620), Sonajuri (2,624), Beko (3,149), Gagnabad (2,628), Kalidaha (2,110), Simla (2,530), Dhanera (1,165), Agardi (1,063), Sonathol (1,586), Manihara (3,104) and Gourangadih (2,246).[6]

Literacy

According to the 2011 census the total number of literate persons in Kashipur CD block was 125,307 (71.06% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 74,149 (82.83% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 51,128 (58.91%) of the female population over 6 years). The gender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 23.92%.[6]

See also – List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate

Literacy in CD Blocks of Purulia district
Purulia Sadar subdivision
Arsha – 57.48%
Balarampur – 60.40%
Hura – 68.79%
Purulia I – 78.37%
Purulia II – 63.39%
Manbazar subdivision
Barabazar – 63.27
Bandwan – 61.38%
Manbazar I – 63.78%
Manbazar II – 60.27%
Puncha – 68.14%
Jhalda subdivision
Baghmundi – 57.17%
Jhalda I – 66.18%
Jhalda II – 54.76%
Joypur – 57.94%
Raghunathpur subdivision
Para – 65.62%
Raghunathpur I – 67.36%
Raghunathpur II – 67.29%
Neturia – 65.14%
Santuri – 64.15%
Kashipur – 71.06%
Source: 2011 Census: CD Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data

Language and religion

In the 2001 census, Bengali was the mother tongue for 76.6% of the population of the district, followed by Santali 11.4%, Kurmali Thar 7.7%, Hindi 1.9%, Urdu 1.1%, Khortha/ Khotta 0.3%, Telugu 0.2%, Odia 0.1%, Mundari 0.1% and other languages 0.4%.[9]

There is a tribal presence in many of the CD blocks of the district. Santali was spoken by around 14% of the population of the earlier Manbhum district. Some people also speak Mundari or Kolarian languages such as Kurmali, Mundari and the languages of the Bhumij or Mahli communities.[10]

The West Bengal Official Language (Second Amendment) Bill, 2012, included Hindi, Santhali, Odiya and Punjabi as official languages if it is spoken by a population exceeding 10 per cent of the whole in a particular block or sub-division or a district. Subsequently, Kamtapuri, Rajbanshi and Kurmali were also included in the list of minority languages by the West Bengal Official Language (Second Amendment) Bill, 2018.[11][12]However, as of 2020, there is no official / other reliable information about the areas covered.

Religion in Kashipur CD block
Hindu			85.71%
Muslim			5.16%
Christian			0.42%
Others			8.71%

In the 2011 census, Hindus numbered 171,510 and formed 85.71% of the population in the Kashipur CD Block. Muslims numbered 10,315 and formed 5.16% of the population. Christians numbered 840 and formed 0.42% of the population. Others numbered 17,418 and formed 8.71% of the population.[13] Others include Addi Bassi, Marang Boro, Santal, Saranath, Sari Dharma, Sarna, Alchchi, Bidin, Sant, Saevdharm, Seran, Saran, Sarin, Kheria,[14] and other religious communities.[13]

Rural Poverty

According to the Rural Household Survey in 2005, 32.85% of total number of families were BPL families in Purulia district.[15]According to a World Bank report, as of 2012, 31-38% of the population in Purulia, Murshidabad and Uttar Dinajpur districts were below poverty level, the highest among the districts of West Bengal, which had an average 20% of the population below poverty line.[16]

Economy

Livelihood

Livelihood
in Kashipur CD block

  Cultivators (18.32%)

  Agricultural labourers (43.68%)

  Household industries (2.97%)

  Other Workers (35.03%)

In the Kashipur CD block in 2011, among the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 15,208 and formed 18.32%, agricultural labourers numbered 36,249 and formed 43.68%, household industry workers numbered 2,463 and formed 2.97% and other workers numbered 29,075 and formed 35.03%.[17]Total workers numbered 82,995 and formed 41.48% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 117,088 and formed 58.52% of the population.[18]

Note: In the census records a person is considered a cultivator, if the person is engaged in cultivation/ supervision of land owned by self/government/institution. When a person who works on another person's land for wages in cash or kind or share, is regarded as an agricultural labourer. Household industry is defined as an industry conducted by one or more members of the family within the household or village, and one that does not qualify for registration as a factory under the Factories Act. Other workers are persons engaged in some economic activity other than cultivators, agricultural labourers and household workers. It includes factory, mining, plantation, transport and office workers, those engaged in business and commerce, teachers, entertainment artistes and so on.[19]

Infrastructure

There are 198 inhabited villages in the Kashipur CD block, as per the District Census Handbook, Puruliya, 2011, 100% villages have power supply. 197 villages (99.49%) have drinking water supply. 38 villages (18.18%) have post offices. 179 villages (90.40%) have telephones (including landlines, public call offices and mobile phones). 85 villages (45.93%) have pucca (paved) approach roads and 66 villages (33.33%) have transport communication (includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways). 3 villages (1.52%) have agricultural credit societies and 4 villages (2.02%) have banks.[20]

Agriculture

In 2013-14, persons engaged in agriculture in the Kashipur CD block could be classified as follows: bargadars 0.96%, patta (document) holders 15.97%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 4.74%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 25.96% and agricultural labourers 52.37%.[21]

In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in the Kashipur CD block was 9,001.30 hectares, out of which 2,367.40 hectares by canal water, 4,435.92 hectares by tank water, 44.68 hectares by river lift irrigation, 228.60 hectares by open dug wells and 1,924.70 hectares by other means.[21]

In 2013-14, the Kashipur CD block produced 48,385 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 22,061 hectares, 25 tonnes of Boro paddy from 12 hectares, 25 tonnes of wheat from 17 hectares. It also produced maize, mustard, til and potatoes.[21]

Banking

In 2013-14, the Kashipur CD block had offices of 7 commercial banks and 3 gramin banks.[21]

Backward Regions Grant Fund

The Purulia district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from the Backward Regions Grant Fund. The fund, created by the Government of India, is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across the country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 11 districts of West Bengal.[22][23]

Transport

Asansol–Tatanagar–Kharagpur line
km km Steel Authority of India Bokaro Steel Plant Netaji S.C.Bose Gomoh–Hatia line Bokaro Steel City 78 Netaji S.C.Bose Gomoh–Hatia line Ispat Nagar 62 Bardhaman–Asansol section Chas 54 0 Asansol Junction Bandidih 49 to Asansol–Patna section/ Asansol–Gaya section to Chandrapura │ to Gomoh IISCO Steel Plant Mahuda 53 5 Burnpur to Sudamdih Colliery sidings Damodar River to Kalipahari (freight line) Talgaria 42 9 Damodar Shewbabudih 36 Damodar River to Sudamdih 13 Madhukunda Bhojudih 30 20 Muradi West Bengal Jharkhand border Parbeliya Colliery WBPDCL Santaldih Thermal Power Station 25 Ramkanali Santaldih 24 30 Bero Rukni 15 35 Joychandi Pahar Sanka 7 Gardhrubeswar 48 0│41 Adra to Muri Kharagpur–Bankura –Adra line Kotshila 36 to Gomoh 55 Anara Barbenda 32 Garh Jaipur 29 61 Bagalia Chas Road 22 69 Kustaur Gourinathdham 15 73 Charrah to Chhatna (planned) 81│0 Purulia Kangsabati River 88 Tamna 96 Kantadih 104 Urma 112 Barabhum 117 Biramdih West Bengal Jharkhand border 126 Nimdih Barkakana-Muri-Chandil line 135 Chandil 141 Manikui Subarnarekha River 146 Kunki to Namkom (planned) 149 Kandra Tatanagar–Bilaspur section Sini 163 154 Birrajpur Birbans 170 160 Gamharia 166 Adityapur Kharkai River Tatanagar 0│171 Tata Steel Jamshedpur Steel Plant Haludpukur 22 Jharkhand Odisha border Tata Motors Jamshedpur Plant Bahalda Road 42 3 Salgajhari Aonlajhari 55 7 Govindpur Gorumahisani 64 14 Asanboni Tata Steel Gorumahisani Iron Ore Mines 19 Rakha Mines Rairangpur 65 Subarnarekha River Kuldiha 73 26 Galudih Chhanua 80 36 Ghatshila Badampahar 89 42 Chirugoda Badampahar Iron Ore Mines 48 Dhalbhumgarh 57 Kokpara 66 Chakulia to Buramara (planned) 72 Kanimahuli Jharkhand West Bengal border 80 Gidhni 88 Khatkura 95 Jhargram to Bhadutala (planned) 104 Banstala 111 Sardiha 119 Khemasuli 125 Kalaikunda Kharagpur–Bankura –Adra line Nimpura 127 Nimpura Through Yard Nimpura Goods Yard 131 Girimaidan Hijli 133 Kharagpur–Puri line 134 Kharagpur Howrah–Kharagpur line

Adra–Asansol line
km to Bardhaman– Asansol section 0 Asansol Junction to Asansol–Gaya section of Grand Chord 5 Burnpur IISCO Steel Plant (Steel Authority of India) to Kalipahari (freight line) Colliery sidings 11 Damodar Damodar River 16 Madhukunda 23 Muradi Parbeliya Colliery 28 Ramkanali 33 Bero 38 Joychandi Pahar to Adra–Gomoh branch line 42 Adra Junction to Adra-Kharagpur line to Adra–Purulia line

Kharagpur–Bankura–Adra line
km   to Gomoh & Bokaro Asansol–Tatanagar–Kharagpur line to Tatanagar │ to Asansol Junction 0 Adra Junction 8 Metyal Sohar 14 Indrabil 21 Sirjam 30 Jhantipahari 39 Chhatna Kalabati Hura to Purulia & Mukutmanipur ( under construction ) 42 Anchuri 53 Bankura Junction Bankura–Masagram line Indpur New Bheduasole Supur 60 Bheduasol 64 Kalisen 69 Ondagram 78 Ramsagar 83 Bishnupur to Mukutmanipur (under construction) │ Sheoraphuli–Bishnupur branch line Uprasol Khatra Mukutmanipur Jhilmili Dwarakeswar River 96 Piardoba 104 Bogri Road Shilabati River 108 Garbeta 120 Chandrakona Road Kubai River Tamal River 132 Salboni 144 Godapiasal 149 Jangalmahal Bhadutala Lalgarh to Jhargram & Asansol– Tatanagar–Kharagpur line ( under construction ) 156 Midnapore Kangsabati River 159 Cossye Halt 162 Gokulpur to Asansol–Tatanagar–Kharagpur line 166 Girimaidan Asansol–Tatanagar–Kharagpur line Kharagpur–Puri line 169 Kharagpur Junction Howrah–Kharagpur line
Sources: [24][25][26][27]

In 2013-14, the Kashipur CD block had 5 originating/ terminating bus routes.[21]

The Asansol-Adra line of the South Eastern Railway terminates in this CD block at a major junction station at the Adra with connections to Kharagpur, Purulia and Gomoh.[28]

The Kharagpur-Bankura-Adra line of the South Eastern Railway terminates at Adra.[29]

Education

In 2013-14, the Kashipur CD block had 231 primary schools with 19,104 students, 40 middle schools with 2,203 students, 8 high schools with 4,991 students and 17 higher secondary schools with 17,986 students. Kashipur CD block had 1 general college with 1,521 students and 587 institutions with 9,197 students for special and non-formal education.[21]

See also – Education in India

According to the 2011 census, in Kashipur CD block, amongst the 198 inhabited villages, 9 villages did not have a school, 46 villages had two or more primary schools, 35 villages had at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 20 villages had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school.[30]

Kashipur Michael Madhusudhan Mahavidyalaya was established in 2000 at Kashipur.[31]

Healthcare

In 2014, the Kashipur CD block had 1 block primary health centre, 4 primary health centres and 1 central government medical facility, with total 256 beds and 13 doctors. 9,970 patients were treated indoor and 296,525 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD Block.[21]

Kolloli Rural Hospital, with 30 beds at Panchakot Raj, is the major government medical facility in the Kashipur CD block. There are primary health centres at Talajuri (PO Gorangdih) (with 10 beds), Kroshjuri (with 10 beds), Agardih (with 2 beds) and Kantaranguri (PO Beko) (with 6 beds). South Eastern Railway Hospital at Adra functions with 222 beds.[32][33][34]

References

1. "Historical background". Purulia District. Archived from the original on 2008-01-03. Retrieved 2008-03-02.
2. "Historical Event: Bhasa Andolan". Department of Information and Cultural Affairs. Purulia.nic.in. Retrieved 4 February 2020.
3. "District Census Handbook: Puruliya" (PDF). Map of District Puruliya with CD block HQs and Police Stations (on the fifth page). Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
4. "District Statistical Handbook 2014 Purulia". Tables 2.1, 2.2. Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 12 January 2020.
5. "Directory of District, Subdivision, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal". Purulia - Revised in March 2008. Panchayats and Rural Development Department, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
6. "CD block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA)". 2011 census: West Bengal – District-wise CD blocks. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
7. "Provisional population totals, West Bengal, Table 4, Puruliya District". Census of India 2001. Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
8. "Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4". Census of India 2001. Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
9. "District Census Handbook Puruliya, Series 20, Part XXA" (PDF). page 44: Mother tongue. Directorate of Census Operations West Bengal. Retrieved 12 January 2020.
10. "Bengal District Gazetteers - Manbhum by H. Coupland, ICS". Section 72, First Published 1911. University of California, San Diego. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
11. "Multilingual Bengal". The Telegraph, 11 December 2012. Retrieved 15 January 2019.
12. "Kamtapuri, Rajbanshi make it to the list of official languages in Bengal". Outlook, 28 February 2015. Retrieved 15 January 2019.
13. "C1 Population by Religious Community". West Bengal. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
14. "ST-14 A Details Of Religions Shown Under 'Other Religions And Persuasions' In Main Table". West Bengal. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
15. "West Bengal Summary". Rural Household Survey 2005. Department of Panchayat & Rural Development, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
16. "West Bengal: Poverty, Growth and Inequality" (PDF). World Bank Group. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
17. "District Census Handbook Puruliya, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A" (PDF). Table 33: Distribution of Workers by Sex in Four Categories of Economic Activity in Sub-district 2011. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 12 January 2020.
18. "District Census Handbook Puruliya, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A" (PDF). Table 30: Number and percentage of Main workers, Marginal workers and Non workers by Sex, in Sub-districts, 2011. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 12 January 2020.
19. "District Census Handbook Puruliya, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A" (PDF). Census Concepts and Definitions, Page 23. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 12 January 2020.
20. "District Census Handbook, Puruliya, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A" (PDF). Page 79, Table 36: Distribution of villages according to availability of different amenities, 2011. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 13 January 2020.
21. "District Statistical Handbook 2014 Purulia". Tables 8.2, 17.2, 18.2, 18.1, 20.1, 21.2, 4.4, 3.1, 3.3 – arranged as per use. Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 12 January 2020.
22. "Backward Regions Grant Funds: Programme Guidelines" (PDF). Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 October 2017. Retrieved 12 January 2020.
23. "Backward Regions Grant Fund". Press Release, 14 June 2012. Press Information Bureau, Government of India. Retrieved 12 January 2020.
24. "South Eastern Railway Pink Book 2017–18" (PDF). Indian Railways Pink Book.
25. "Adra Division Railway Map". South Eastern Railway.
26. "Kharagpur Divisional Railway Map". South Eastern Railway.
27. Google maps
28. "Asansol-Kharagpur Passenger 58018". indiarailinfo. Retrieved 21 September 2016.
29. "68089 Midnapore-Adra Memu". Time Table. indiarailinfo. Retrieved 23 August 2016.
30. "District Census Handbook, Puruliya, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A" (PDF). Page 976-77, Appendix I A: Villages by number of Primary Schools and Appendix I B: Villages by Primary, Middle and Secondary Schools. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 18 January 2020.
31. "Kashipur Michael Madhusudan Mahavidyalaya". KMMM. Retrieved 17 January 2020.
32. "Health & Family Welfare Department" (PDF). Health Statistics – Rural Hospitals. Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 18 January 2020.
33. "Health & Family Welfare Department" (PDF). Health Statistics – Primary Health Centres. Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 18 January 2020.
34. "Health & Family Welfare Department" (PDF). Health Statistics - Hospitals. Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 17 December 2019.