Jerry Skinner

Clarence Farrington Skinner MC (19 January 1900 – 26 April 1962) (also known as Jerry or Gerry) was a Labour politician from New Zealand, former Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand and a Minister from 1943 to 1949 and 1957 to 1960 in the First and Second Labour governments.

The Honourable

Jerry Skinner

MC
3rd Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand
In office
12 December 1957 – 12 December 1960
Prime MinisterWalter Nash
Preceded byJack Marshall
Succeeded byJack Marshall
21st Minister of Agriculture
In office
12 December 1957 – 12 December 1960
Prime MinisterWalter Nash
Preceded bySidney Walter Smith
Succeeded byWilliam Gillespie
32nd Minister of Lands
In office
12 December 1957 – 12 December 1960
Prime MinisterWalter Nash
Preceded byGeoff Gerard
Succeeded byGeoff Gerard
In office
29 October 1943 – 13 December 1949
Prime MinisterPeter Fraser
Preceded byJim Barclay
Succeeded byErnest Corbett
Member of the New Zealand Parliament
for Motueka
In office
15 October 1938 – 27 November 1946
Preceded byKeith Holyoake
Member of the New Zealand Parliament
for Buller
In office
27 November 1946 – 26 April 1962
Preceded byPaddy Webb
Succeeded byBill Rowling
Personal details
Born19 January 1900
Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Died26 April 1962(1962-04-26) (aged 62)
Takaka, New Zealand
Political partyLabour
Spouse(s)Julia Buckley Gray (m. 1924 d.1957)
Lois McHaffey (m. 1958)
Children2
AwardsMilitary Cross
Military service
AllegianceNew Zealand Army
Years of service1939-43
Rank Major
Battles/warsWorld War II

Biography

Early life
Skinner as an Army Major in WWII.

Skinner was born on 19 January 1900 in Melbourne, Australia, before subsequently emigrating to New Zealand. His father was a missionary in Te Kopuru, near Hokianga.[1]

Skinner settled in the Waitaki District and married Julia Buckley Gray of Palmerston North in 1924. They were to have two sons together, who later went into business in Westport together. Skinner established himself politically as a union leader in Westport whilst working as a carpenter by trade.[2] He then turned his profession to farming up until the depression in the early 1930s.[3]

He distinguished himself after being elected the president of the Inangahua Medical Association. He was instrumental in setting up a co-operative medical insurance scheme for labourers working building the Waitaki hydroelectric station alongside Andy Davidson, Arnold Nordmeyer and Gervan & Ethel McMillan.[2] All subsequently becoming prominent members of the Labour party.

Military career

Skinner served in the New Zealand Army in the Middle East during World War II. Starting out as a Sapper in the fourth reinforcements, Skinner rose to the rank of Major in the North African campaign. He was wounded in action in 1942 and was mentioned in dispatches. He was later awarded the Military Cross in 1943 for mine clearing during the First Battle of El Alamein. At night he had cleared the way for Allied tanks to launch a counterattack to an Axis breakthrough.[3] In June 1943 he was undertaking a lecturing tour of Britain for the Ministry of Information when he was recalled to New Zealand upon receiving a promotion to cabinet because of his fine record as a soldier by Prime Minister Peter Fraser.[4]

Member of Parliament
New Zealand Parliament
Years Term Electorate Party
1938–1943 26th Motueka Labour
1943–1946 27th Motueka Labour
1946–1949 28th Buller Labour
1949–1951 29th Buller Labour
1951–1954 30th Buller Labour
1954–1957 32nd Buller Labour
1957–1960 33rd Buller Labour
1960–1962 34th Buller Labour

Skinner was a Member of Parliament from 1938 to 1962; he was MP for Motueka between 1938 and 1946 (having defeated new MP Keith Holyoake in 1938), then MP for Buller from 1946 to 1962. Early on in his career as an MP, Skinner was somewhat sympathetic to the plight of John A. Lee, but did not to support him openly.[5] Skinner made good impressions as an MP and gained a reputation for possessing "down-to-earth Kiwi common sense".[6]

First Labour Government

Between 1943 and 1949 he held several ministries; Lands, Rehabilitation, Valuation and State Forests. As Minister of Rehabilitation he distinguished himself in the area of soldier resettlement, enabling returned servicemen to return to live and work in New Zealand following World War II.[1] As a minister Skinner gained a reputation of sincerity, which helped his otherwise lackings as an orator.[4]

Nash congratulating Skinner upon election as his deputy

Skinner was seen by many as Labour's rising star.[7] In recognition of this, he was subsequently elected deputy-leader of the Labour Party in 1951 while it was in opposition.[3] However, there had been speculation that he had sought the leadership, but this was dismissed as merely media gossip.[8] In the attempted coup against Walter Nash's leadership in 1954, Skinner sided with Nash and his status as the deputy-leader was reaffirmed when he remained unopposed in the position.[9] In 1956 he suffered a heart attack, but made a good recovery in the following months.[1]

Second Labour Government

Following Labour's victory in the 1957 election, Skinner became Deputy Prime Minister in Walter Nash's ministry. He also held the Lands and Agriculture portfolios.[3] In government, Skinner still did not make further impressions in public opinion, where he was still seen by the public as merely in Nash's shadow.[10]

As Minister of Agriculture Skinner fought against unfair trading practices in the United Kingdom regarding New Zealand's dairy imports. New Zealand faced a recurring problem. Dairy prices had fallen drastically, largely because a number of countries were 'dumping' subsidized butter. Skinner lead a delegation of officials which persuaded the British government to reduced tariff preferences for New Zealand goods in return for exempting British goods from quantitative restrictions.[11] He likewise passed an act of parliament to safeguard New Zealand's livestock against Hydatid disease.[1] As a result of his work in the area, it is said that Skinner was an instrumental figure in the establishment of New Zealand's pulp and paper industry.[3]

A notable feature of the Second Labour Government was Nash's frequent absences from the country. This left Skinner to be acting Prime Minister both frequently, and for lengthy periods. He was effectively in charge of the governments domestic affairs whilst Nash busied himself with international matters.[1]

His first wife died in 1957 and in 1958 he married Lois McHaffey. Skinner was the acting Prime Minister at the time of his wedding.[1]

Opposition

Following the Labour defeat at the 1960 election, Skinner again became Deputy Leader of the Opposition. Walter Nash favoured Skinner as his successor and was planning to announce his retirement as leader at Labour's 1962 party conference to clear the way for Skinner. The media and public were widely anticipating Skinner to lead Labour at the 1963 election.[1] After Skinner's sudden death (only a week before the 1962 conference) Nash then favoured Fred Hackett to replace him after he had been elected Skinner's successor as deputy leader. However, Hackett then too died leaving Nash to be replaced by Arnold Nordmeyer when he eventually resigned in 1963.[12]

Death

Skinner attended the Anzac Day ceremony at the Wellington Cenotaph as opposition representative before returning to his home in Takaka later in the day. He died in his sleep early the next morning, aged 62. He was survived by his second wife and two sons.[1]

Notes
  1. "Mr Skinner, Labour Party Deputy Leader, Dead". The Press. 27 April 1962. p. 10.
  2. Gustafson 1986, pp. 156.
  3. Gustafson 1986, pp. 298.
  4. Hobbs 1967, pp. 111.
  5. Gustafson 1986, pp. 200.
  6. Hobbs 1967, pp. 112.
  7. Hobbs 1976, p. 112.
  8. Sinclair 1976, p. 281.
  9. Sinclair 1976, p. 295.
  10. Sinclair 1976, p. 304.
  11. Sinclair 1976, p. 315.
  12. Sinclair 1976, p. 355.
gollark: *Full* knowledge does require that.
gollark: But sinthorion claims to have ALL chocolate factories, see.
gollark: This is true.
gollark: Essentially, none are safe.
gollark: You do *not* have the GTech™ generalized food production systems, which are capable of producing chocolate.

References
Political offices
Preceded by
Jack Marshall		 Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand
1957–1960		 Succeeded by
Jack Marshall
Preceded by
Sidney Walter Smith		 Minister of Agriculture
1957–1960		 Succeeded by
William Gillespie
Preceded by
Geoff Gerard		 Minister of Lands
1957–1960

1943–1949		 Succeeded by
Geoff Gerard
Preceded by
Jim Barclay		 Succeeded by
Ernest Corbett
Commissioner of State Forests
1944–1949		 Succeeded by
Ernest Corbett
New Zealand Parliament
Preceded by
Keith Holyoake		 Member of Parliament for Motueka
1938–1946		 Constituency abolished
Preceded by
Paddy Webb		 Member of Parliament for Buller
1946–1962		 Succeeded by
Bill Rowling
Party political offices
Preceded by
Walter Nash		 Deputy-Leader of the Labour Party
1951–1962		 Succeeded by
Fred Hackett
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