Historical GDP of China

This article includes a list of China's historical gross domestic product (GDP) values (with the latest to reach US$14.1 trillion for 2019[1]), the market value of all final goods and services produced by a nation in a given year. The GDP dollar estimates presented here are either calculated at market or government official exchange rates (nominal), or derived from purchasing power parity (PPP) calculations. This article also includes historical GDP growth.

Chart showing GDP development trends of China and India (1950-2010).

In 1985, the State Council of China (SCC) approved the establishment of a SNA (System of National Accounting), using GDP to measure the national economy. China started to study and then implement a new system of national economic accounting. In 1986, as the first citizen of the People's Republic of China to receive a Ph.D. in economics from an overseas country, Dr. Fengbo Zhang headed Chinese Macroeconomic Research - the key research project of the seventh five-year plan, as well as completing and publishing the Chinese GDP data according to China's own research and calculations. A summary of the above events has been included in the book "Chinese Macroeconomic Structure and Policy" (June 1988) edited by Fengbo Zhang, and collectively authored by the Research Center of the SCC. This is the first GDP data which was published by China.

The research utilized the World Bank's method as a reference, and made numerous appropriate adjustments based on China's national condition. The GDP also has been converted to U.S. dollar-based data by utilizing the moving average exchange rate. The research systematically completed China's GDP and GDP per capita from 1952 to 1986 and analyzed growth rate, the change and contribution rates of each component. The research also included international comparisons. Additionally, the research compared MPS and SNA, looking at the results from the two systems from analyzing Chinese economy. This achievement created the foundation for China GDP research.

The SCC issued "The notice regarding implementation of System of National Accounting" in August 1992, the Western SNA system officially is introduced to China, replaced Soviet Union's MPS system, Western economic indicator GDP became China's most important economic indicator. Based on Dr. Fengbo Zhang's research, in 1997, the National Bureau of Statistics of China (NBS), in collaboration with Hitotsubashi University of Japan, re-estimated China's GDP Data from 1952 up to 1995 based on the SNA principal. In 2016, the 2008 SNA was formally brought into use.[2]

When comparing Fengbo Zhang's GDP measurement in the 1980s and the GDP in 1997 by the NBS and Japan's cooperative research, the two are found to be very consistent; the deviation rate each year is very slight, between only 0.1% and 7%. During this period, there were many data adjustments, with weighting factors undergoing significant changes along with each year's comparable price amendments, statistical method significant changes result in the substantial deviation. Even with science and technology as advanced as it is today, the single item survey is allowed at least ±3%, or a total of 6% deviation. Despite the extremely difficult conditions of a destroyed economy, blank theory, a lack of data, and simple methods in the 1980s, there is so little deviation for such a long period of time and the comprehensiveness of the national economic indicator, indicates that the research conducted by Fengbo Zhang with the support of the extensive group he trained is extremely rigorous, and their result very precise.[3] Xie Fuzhan, former Director, and Ma Jiantang, current Director of the NBS, both participated in Dr. Fengbo Zhang's research project in the 1980s, as assistant researcher and graduate student, respectively, of the Research Center of the SCC.

Current status

Proportion of world (countries with data) nominal GDP for the countries with the top 10 highest nominal GDP in 2018, from 1980 to 2018 with IMF projections until 2024[4]

According to the preliminary estimation, the gross domestic product of China was 14.10 trillion US dollars in 2019.[5][2][6] China's nominal GDP surpassed that of Italy in 2000, France in 2005, the United Kingdom in 2006, Germany in 2007, Japan in 2010 and that of the Eurozone in 2018 making China the world's third largest economy after the European Union and United States.[7] But adjusting for purchasing power parity (PPP), China become the world's second largest economy as early as 1999 surpassing Japan, and has toppled America to become the biggest economy since 2014.[8]

From 1979 until 2010, China's average annual GDP growth was 9.91%, reaching a historical high of 15.2% in 1984 and a record low of 3.8% in 1990. Based on the current price, the country's average annual GDP growth in these 32 years was 15.8%, reaching an historical high of 36.41% in 1994 and a record low of 6.25% in 1999.

China NBS data

Annual GDP

China's Historical GDP for 1952 –present[9][6] (current price, revision based on the 4th economic census 2018)[10]
(purchasing power parity of Chinese Yuan, as Int'l.dollar based on IMF-WEO October 2019[11])
year GDP GDP per capita (GDPPC)
based on mid-year population
Reference index
GDP in billions real
growth
(%)
GDPPC real
growth
(%)
Mid-year
population
in thousands
exchange rate
1 foreign currency to CNY
CNY USD PPP
(Int'l$.)
CNY USD PPP
(Int'l$.)
USD 1 Int'l$. 1
(PPP)
p201999,086.5014,363.4828,335.536.170,89210,27620,2735.71,397,7156.89853.4969
201891,928.1113,891.8826,274.936.766,0069,97518,8666.21,392,7306.61743.4987
201783,203.5912,323.1723,633.366.960,0148,88917,0476.31,386,3956.75183.5206
201674,639.5111,237.0021,312.186.854,1398,15115,4596.21,378,6656.64233.5022
201568,885.8211,059.9519,452.687.050,2378,06614,1866.51,371,2206.22843.5412
201464,356.3110,476.7118,175.647.447,1737,67913,3236.91,364,2706.14283.5408
201359,296.329,574.4216,612.877.843,6847,05412,2397.31,357,3806.19323.5693
201253,858.008,531.9615,179.397.939,8746,31711,2387.41,350,6956.31253.5481
201148,794.027,554.6613,919.289.636,3025,62110,3569.11,344,1306.45883.5055
201041,211.936,087.8812,445.4710.630,8084,5519,30410.11,337,7056.76953.3114
200934,851.775,102.0011,045.479.426,1803,8338,2978.91,331,2606.83103.1553
200831,924.464,596.6910,037.249.724,1003,4707,5779.11,324,6556.94513.1806
200727,009.233,551.988,945.5314.220,4942,6956,78813.61,317,8857.60403.0193
200621,943.852,752.687,608.8212.716,7382,1005,80412.11,311,0207.97182.8840
200518,731.892,286.696,539.3211.414,3681,7545,01610.71,303,7208.19172.8645
200416,184.021,955.355,719.5410.112,4871,5094,4139.41,296,0758.27682.8296
200313,742.201,660.295,051.7210.010,6661,2893,9219.31,288,4008.27702.7203
200212,171.741,470.554,515.919.19,5061,1483,5278.41,280,4008.27702.6953
200111,086.311,339.414,078.108.38,7171,0533,2077.51,271,8508.27702.7185
200010,028.011,211.353,684.748.57,9429592,9187.71,262,6458.27842.7215
19999,056.441,094.003,321.517.77,2298732,6516.81,252,7358.27832.7266
19988,519.551,029.043,038.467.86,8608292,4476.81,241,9358.27912.8039
19977,971.50961.602,785.879.26,4817822,2658.11,230,0758.28982.8614
19967,181.36863.752,507.639.95,8987092,0608.81,217,5508.31422.8638
19956,133.99734.522,242.4511.05,0916101,8619.81,204,8558.35102.7354
19944,863.75564.331,979.0613.04,0814741,66111.71,191,8358.61872.4576
19933,567.32619.111,710.3713.93,0275251,45112.61,178,4405.76202.0857
19922,719.45493.141,468.7014.22,3344231,26112.81,164,9705.51461.8516
19912,200.56413.381,257.109.31,9123591,0927.81,150,7805.32331.7505
19901,887.29394.571,107.113.91,6633489762.41,135,1854.78321.7047
19891,717.97456.291,027.064.21,5364089182.61,118,6503.76511.6727
19881,518.04407.85948.8911.21,3783708619.41,101,6303.72211.5998
19871,217.46327.09824.3911.71,1233027609.91,084,0353.72211.4768
19861,037.62300.52720.578.99732826767.31,066,7903.45281.4400
1985909.89309.84648.9013.486629561811.91,051,0402.93661.4022
1984727.85312.78554.0015.270230253413.81,036,8252.32701.3138
1983602.09304.75464.0010.85882984539.21,023,3101.97571.2976
1982537.34283.93402.899.05332824007.31,008,6301.89251.3337
1981493.58289.57350.035.14972923523.7993,8851.70451.4101
1980458.76306.17306.397.84683123136.5981,2351.49841.4973
1979410.05263.707.64232726.1969,0051.5550
1978367.87218.5011.738522910.4956,1651.6836
1977325.00174.947.63441856.2943,4601.8578
1976298.86153.94-1.6321165-3.2930,6901.9414
1975303.95163.438.73321796.8916,4001.8598
1974282.77144.182.33141600.1900,3501.9612
1973275.62138.547.83131575.4881,9401.9894
1972255.24113.693.82961321.3862,0302.2451
1971245.6999.807.12921194.0841,1102.4618
1970227.9792.6019.327911315.8818,3202.4618
1969196.2279.7116.924710013.8796,0302.4618
1968174.4170.85-4.122591-6.7774,5102.4618
1967179.4272.88-5.723897-8.2754,5502.4618
1966188.8776.7210.72571047.9735,4002.4618
1965173.4070.4417.02429814.5715,1902.4618
1964146.9959.7118.22108515.5698,3602.4618
1963124.8350.7110.3183747.4682,3402.4618
1962116.2247.21-5.717571-6.6665,7702.4618
1961123.2350.06-16.218776-26.4660,3302.4618
1960147.0159.728.022089-0.2667,0702.4618
1959144.7555.319.0217836.9666,0102.6170
1958131.2350.4021.32017718.4653,2402.6040
1957107.1441.145.1168652.4637,4102.6040
1956103.0739.5815.01666412.5621,4702.6040
195591.1635.016.9150584.9608,6602.6040
195485.9833.024.3144551.7595,3102.6040
195382.4431.6615.61425513.5581,3902.6040
195267.9130.5511954568,9102.2227

GDP by industries

Components of GDP by Industries (Revision based on the 4th Economic Census 2018)[10]
GDP by Industries (CNY)
Components of GDP by Industries (current Chinese yuan, per capita based on mid-year population)[6]
year GNI
in billions
GDP by Industries (in billions) per capita
GDP Agriculture Industry Services GNI GDP
201891,588.7391,928.116,474.5236,483.5248,970.0865,76266,006
201783,138.1283,203.596,209.9533,158.0543,835.5959,96760,014
201674,340.8374,639.516,013.9229,542.7839,082.8153,92254,139
201568,625.5768,885.825,777.4628,133.8934,974.4750,04750,237
201464,438.0264,356.315,562.6327,728.2831,065.4047,23347,173
201358,814.1259,296.325,302.8126,195.1627,798.3543,32943,684
201253,732.9053,858.004,908.4624,463.9124,485.6239,78139,874
201148,339.2848,794.024,478.1522,703.5121,612.3635,96436,302
201041,035.4141,211.933,843.0819,162.6518,206.1930,67630,808
200934,793.4934,851.773,358.3816,016.8815,476.5126,13626,180
200832,122.9531,924.463,246.4114,995.2913,682.7524,25024,100
200727,070.4027,009.232,767.4112,663.0511,578.7720,54020,494
200621,902.8521,943.852,331.7010,435.929,176.2216,70716,738
200518,599.8918,731.892,180.678,808.227,743.0014,26714,368
200416,141.5416,184.022,090.437,428.506,665.0912,45412,487
200313,657.6313,742.201,697.026,269.585,775.6010,60010,666
200212,048.0412,171.741,619.025,410.415,142.319,4099,506
200110,927.6211,086.311,550.254,965.944,570.128,5928,717
20009,906.6110,028.011,471.744,566.373,989.917,8467,942
19998,936.659,056.441,454.904,107.993,493.557,1337,229
19988,381.768,519.551,461.873,901.753,155.936,7496,860
19977,880.297,971.501,426.523,754.502,790.486,4076,481
19967,077.967,181.361,387.833,382.732,410.805,8135,898
19956,035.666,133.991,202.052,867.672,064.275,0095,091
19944,854.824,863.75947.182,245.251,671.314,0744,081
19933,559.923,567.32688.761,647.271,231.303,0213,027
19922,720.822,719.45580.031,172.50966.922,3352,334
19912,205.032,200.56528.88912.96758.721,9161,912
19901,892.331,887.29501.72774.41611.161,6671,663
19891,718.841,717.97422.82730.07565.081,5371,536
19881,517.441,518.04383.12660.72474.201,3771,378
19871,216.661,217.46320.45527.38369.631,1221,123
19861,037.541,037.62276.41451.51309.70973973
1985912.36909.89254.17388.64267.08868866
1984731.42727.85229.56312.47185.82705702
1983604.38602.09196.09266.30139.71590588
1982538.05537.34176.17239.76121.40534533
1981493.37493.58154.57226.90112.11497497
1980458.76458.76135.95220.47102.34468468
1979410.05410.05125.90192.5391.61423423
1978367.87367.87101.85175.5190.51385385
1977325.00325.0094.22151.7879.01344344
1976298.86298.8696.71134.6067.56321321
1975303.95303.9597.12137.8768.96332332
1974282.77282.7794.52119.9868.27314314
1973275.62275.6290.75118.0366.84313313
1972255.24255.2482.74109.1663.33296296
1971245.69245.6982.63102.9960.06292292
1970227.97227.9779.3391.8156.83279279
1969196.22196.2273.6269.5053.10247247
1968174.41174.4172.6354.2647.53225225
1967179.42179.4271.4260.8047.20238238
1966188.87188.8770.2271.5447.11257257
1965173.40173.4065.1160.8547.44242242
1964146.99146.9955.9051.9339.16210210
1963124.83124.8349.7541.2833.79183183
1962116.22116.2245.3136.3934.51175175
1961123.23123.2344.1139.3539.77187187
1960147.01147.0134.0765.2647.68220220
1959144.75144.7538.3861.6744.70217217
1958131.23131.2344.5948.3638.28201201
1957107.14107.1443.0031.6632.48168168
1956103.07103.0744.3928.0430.65166166
195591.1691.1642.1022.1526.91150150
195485.9885.9839.2021.0825.70144144
195382.4482.4437.8019.1625.48142142
195267.9167.9134.2914.1119.51119119
GDP by Industries (US dollars)
Components of GDP by Industries (current US dollars, per capita based on mid-year population)
year GNI
in billions
GDP by Industries (in billions) per capita exchange rate
per USD to CNY
GDP Agriculture Industry Services GNI GDP
201813,840.5913,891.88978.415,513.277,400.209,9389,9756.6174
201712,313.4712,323.17919.754,910.996,492.438,8828,8896.7518
201611,192.0311,237.00905.404,447.675,883.938,1188,1516.6423
201511,018.1711,059.95927.604,517.035,615.328,0358,0666.2284
201410,490.0110,476.71905.554,513.955,057.217,6897,6796.1428
20139,496.569,574.42856.234,229.664,488.536,9967,0546.1932
20128,512.148,531.96777.583,875.473,878.916,3026,3176.3125
20117,484.257,554.66693.343,515.133,346.195,5685,6216.4588
20106,061.816,087.88567.712,830.732,689.444,5324,5516.7695
20095,093.475,102.00491.642,344.732,265.633,8263,8336.8310
20084,625.274,596.69467.442,159.121,970.133,4923,4706.9451
20073,560.023,551.98363.941,665.311,522.722,7012,6957.6040
20062,747.542,752.68292.491,309.101,151.092,0962,1007.9718
20052,270.582,286.69266.201,075.26945.231,7421,7548.1917
20041,950.221,955.35252.57897.51805.271,5051,5098.2768
20031,650.071,660.29205.03757.47697.791,2811,2898.2770
20021,455.601,470.55195.60653.67621.281,1371,1488.2770
20011,320.241,339.41187.30599.97552.151,0381,0538.2770
20001,196.681,211.35177.78551.60481.979489598.2784
19991,079.531,094.00175.75496.24422.018628738.2783
19981,012.401,029.04176.57471.28381.198158298.2791
1997950.60961.60172.08452.91336.627737828.2898
1996851.31863.75166.92406.86289.966997098.3142
1995722.75734.52143.94343.39247.196006108.3510
1994563.29564.33109.90260.51193.924734748.6187
1993617.83619.11119.53285.89213.695245255.7620
1992493.38493.14105.18212.62175.344234235.5146
1991414.22413.3899.35171.50142.533603595.3233
1990395.62394.57104.89161.90127.773493484.7832
1989456.52456.29112.30193.90150.084084083.7651
1988407.68407.85102.93177.51127.403703703.7221
1987326.87327.0986.09141.6999.313013023.7221
1986300.49300.5280.05130.7789.702822823.4528
1985310.69309.8486.55132.3490.952962952.9366
1984314.32312.7898.65134.2879.853033022.3270
1983305.91304.7599.25134.7970.712992981.9757
1982284.31283.9393.09126.6964.152822821.8925
1981289.45289.5790.68133.1265.772922921.7045
1980306.17306.1790.73147.1468.303123121.4984
1979263.70263.7080.96123.8158.912722721.5550
1978218.50218.5060.50104.2553.762292291.6836
1977174.94174.9450.7281.7042.531851851.8578
1976153.94153.9449.8169.3334.801651651.9414
1975163.43163.4352.2274.1337.081791791.8598
1974144.18144.1848.1961.1834.811601601.9612
1973138.54138.5445.6259.3333.601571571.9894
1972113.69113.6936.8548.6228.211321322.2451
197199.8099.8033.5641.8424.401191192.4618
197092.6092.6032.2237.2923.081131132.4618
196979.7179.7129.9028.2321.571001002.4618
196870.8570.8529.5022.0419.3191912.4618
196772.8872.8829.0124.7019.1797972.4618
196676.7276.7228.5229.0619.141041042.4618
196570.4470.4426.4524.7219.2798982.4618
196459.7159.7122.7121.0915.9185852.4618
196350.7150.7120.2116.7713.7374742.4618
196247.2147.2118.4114.7814.0271712.4618
196150.0650.0617.9215.9816.1576762.4618
196059.7259.7213.8426.5119.3789892.4618
195955.3155.3114.6723.5717.0883832.6170
195850.4050.4017.1218.5714.7077772.6040
195741.1441.1416.5112.1612.4765652.6040
195639.5839.5817.0510.7711.7764642.6040
195535.0135.0116.178.5110.3358582.6040
195433.0233.0215.058.109.8755552.6040
195331.6631.6614.527.369.7855552.6040
195230.5530.5515.436.358.7854542.2227

Quarterly GDP

China's quarterly GDP estimation was formally established in 1992. Afterwards, following the development of SNA of China, quarterly GDP is successively standardized and improved in estimation methodology, accounting classification, accounting procedure, release time and data quality control. Accumulated quarterly GDP estimation is formed. Not only quarterly GDP estimation by industries is established but also quarterly GDP estimation at expenditure approach is being studied. the following is the quarterly GDP list.

List of China's quarterly GDP 1992–present
(current price, revision based on the 4th economic census 2018,[10] in billions of CNY) [12]
year quarter 1 quarter 2 quarter 3 quarter 4 sum
GDPreal growth
% (YOY)
GDPreal growth
% (YOY)
GDPreal growth
% (YOY)
GDPreal growth
% (YOY)
GDPgrowth (%)
at current price
real growth
(%)
p201921,806.286.424,257.386.225,220.876.027,801.976.099,086.517.86.1
201820,203.576.922,396.226.923,447.436.725,880.896.591,928.1110.56.7
201718,186.777.020,195.037.021,278.936.923,542.876.883,203.5911.56.9
201616,241.006.918,140.826.819,101.066.821,156.626.974,639.518.46.8
201515,113.797.116,854.977.117,659.777.019,257.296.968,885.827.07.0
201414,075.987.515,648.967.616,548.477.218,082.897.364,356.318.57.4
201312,944.967.914,351.877.615,222.277.916,777.237.759,296.3210.17.8
201211,735.768.113,132.067.713,808.967.515,181.208.153,858.0010.47.9
201110,446.9910.211,889.5910.012,656.229.413,801.218.848,794.0218.49.6
20108,750.1312.29,934.7410.810,596.379.911,930.689.941,211.9318.210.6
20097,397.926.48,386.588.28,984.6910.610,082.5811.934,851.779.29.4
20086,937.3611.57,871.1810.98,246.019.58,869.907.131,924.4618.29.7
20075,715.9313.86,478.1615.06,948.2114.37,866.9313.927,009.2323.114.2
20064,707.8912.55,267.3313.75,606.4712.26,362.1612.521,943.8517.112.7
20054,045.3311.14,479.3111.14,804.7810.85,402.4812.418,731.8915.711.4
20043,454.4610.63,870.0811.64,185.509.84,673.988.816,184.0217.810.1
20032,982.5511.13,253.739.13,529.1910.03,976.7410.013,742.2012.910.0
20022,629.508.92,919.488.83,125.739.63,497.039.112,171.749.89.1
20012,408.649.52,672.668.62,833.338.03,171.687.511,086.3110.68.3
20002,132.998.72,404.349.12,571.258.82,919.437.510,028.0110.78.5
19991,936.198.92,156.777.92,305.087.62,658.396.79,056.446.37.7
19981,804.917.32,029.666.92,177.567.82,507.429.18,519.556.97.8
19971,668.9110.11,916.3610.02,050.098.62,336.158.67,971.5011.09.2
19961,462.8010.91,714.759.41,860.589.22,143.2410.37,181.3617.19.9
19951,211.1711.91,461.2911.01,616.4110.41,845.1210.86,133.9926.111.0
1994937.5114.11,148.1013.31,286.8013.11,491.3312.04,863.7536.313.0
1993683.4615.3835.7013.5938.5812.91,109.5914.13,567.3231.213.9
1992526.28648.43719.26825.482,719.4523.614.2

Quarterly GDP by US dollars

Quarterly GDP by US dollars
Quarterly GDP by US dollars
List of China's quarterly GDP 1992–present (US dollars)
(Revision based on the 4th Economic Census 2018, in billions of US dollars)
year quarter 1 quarter 2 quarter 3 quarter 4 sum per USD
to CNY
GDPreal growth
% (YOY)
GDPreal growth
% (YOY)
GDPreal growth
% (YOY)
GDPreal growth
% (YOY)
GDPgrowth (%)
at current price
real growth
(%)
p20193,161.026.43,516.336.23,655.996.04,030.156.014,363.493.46.16.8985
20183,053.106.93,384.446.93,543.306.73,911.046.513,891.8812.76.76.6174
20172,693.627.02,991.067.03,151.596.93,486.906.812,323.179.76.96.7518
20162,445.096.92,731.116.82,875.676.83,185.136.911,237.001.66.86.6423
20152,426.597.12,706.157.12,835.367.03,091.856.911,059.955.67.06.2284
20142,291.467.52,547.537.62,693.967.22,943.757.310,476.719.47.46.1428
20132,090.197.92,317.367.62,457.907.92,708.987.79,574.4212.27.86.1932
20121,859.138.12,080.337.72,187.567.52,404.948.18,531.9612.97.96.3125
20111,617.4810.21,840.8410.01,959.539.42,136.818.87,554.6624.19.66.4588
20101,292.5812.21,467.5710.81,565.319.91,762.429.96,087.8819.310.66.7695
20091,082.996.41,227.728.21,315.2810.61,476.0011.95,102.0011.09.46.8310
2008998.8911.51,133.3410.91,187.319.51,277.157.14,596.6929.49.76.9451
2007751.7013.8851.9415.0913.7614.31,034.5813.93,551.9829.014.27.6040
2006590.5712.5660.7513.7703.2912.2798.0812.52,752.6820.412.77.9718
2005493.8311.1546.8111.1586.5410.8659.5112.42,286.6916.911.48.1917
2004417.3710.6467.5811.6505.699.8564.718.81,955.3517.810.18.2768
2003360.3411.1393.109.1426.3910.0480.4610.01,660.2912.910.08.2770
2002317.698.9352.728.8377.649.6422.509.11,470.559.89.18.2770
2001291.009.5322.908.6342.318.0383.197.51,339.4110.68.38.2770
2000257.668.7290.449.1310.608.8352.667.51,211.3510.78.58.2784
1999233.898.9260.537.9278.457.6321.136.71,094.006.37.78.2783
1998218.017.3245.156.9263.027.8302.869.11,029.047.07.88.2791
1997201.3210.1231.1710.0247.308.6281.818.6961.6011.39.28.2898
1996175.9410.9206.249.4223.789.2257.7810.3863.7517.69.98.3142
1995145.0311.9174.9811.0193.5610.4220.9510.8734.5230.211.08.3510
1994108.7814.1133.2113.3149.3013.1173.0312.0564.33-8.813.08.6187
1993118.6215.3145.0413.5162.8912.9192.5714.1619.1125.513.95.7620
199295.43117.58130.43149.69493.1419.314.25.5146

Comparative data of three International organizations

List of China GDP by three International organizations
List of China GDP by three International organizations
( in billions of GDP )
Year UN (GDP by Expenditure Approach)[13] WB[14] IMF[8]
CNY USD Exchange
rate
CNY USD Exchange
rate
CNY USD Exchange
rate
r201464,079.6410,430.596.143463,613.8710,354.836.143463,613.9010,356.516.1424
201358,973.729,518.406.195858,801.889,490.606.195858,801.889,490.856.1956
201253,474.468,471.436.312353,412.308,461.626.312353,412.308,461.516.3124
201148,086.077,441.986.461548,412.357,492.436.461548,412.357,492.536.4614
201040,658.096,005.396.770340,890.306,039.666.770340,890.306,039.556.7704
200934,643.115,071.156.831434,562.925,059.426.831434,562.925,059.726.8310
200831,717.204,564.516.948731,675.174,558.436.948731,675.174,558.906.9480
200726,948.643,542.367.607526,801.943,523.097.607526,801.943,523.287.6071
200621,942.462,751.947.973421,765.662,729.787.973421,765.662,729.757.9735
200518,776.722,291.438.194318,589.582,268.608.194318,589.582,268.628.1942
200416,161.641,952.648.276816,071.441,941.758.276816,071.441,941.758.2768
200313,745.731,660.718.277013,656.461,649.938.277013,656.461,649.928.2770
200212,157.671,468.868.277012,100.201,461.918.277012,100.201,461.928.2769
200111,065.741,336.928.277111,027.041,332.248.277111,027.041,332.258.2770
200010,008.011,208.928.27859,977.631,205.268.27849,977.631,205.268.2784
19999,044.731,092.598.27839,018.771,089.458.27839,018.771,089.458.2783
19988,517.441,028.818.27908,488.371,025.288.27918,488.371,025.308.2790
19977,973.92961.898.28987,942.95958.168.28987,942.95958.168.2898
19967,186.12864.328.31427,157.23860.848.31427,157.23860.848.3142
19956,132.89734.358.35146,112.98732.038.35076,112.98731.978.3514
19944,864.49564.418.61874,845.96562.268.61874,845.96562.288.6185
19933,575.12620.475.76203,552.43442.888.02133,552.43616.535.7620
19922,720.80493.385.51462,706.83424.936.37002,706.83490.855.5146
19912,201.41413.545.32342,189.55381.465.74002,189.55411.315.3234
19901,896.84396.564.78321,877.43358.975.23001,877.43392.514.7832
19891,727.01458.693.76511,709.03345.964.94001,709.03453.913.7651
19881,525.29409.793.72211,510.11310.724.86001,510.11405.723.7221
19871,222.18328.363.72211,210.22271.354.46001,210.22325.143.7221
19861,040.62301.393.45281,030.88298.813.45001,030.88298.563.4528
1985912.15310.612.9367903.99307.482.9400903.99307.832.9367
1984729.37314.382.3200722.63258.082.8000722.63311.472.3200
1983603.34305.381.9757597.56228.952.6100597.56302.461.9757
1982538.59284.591.8925533.30203.552.6200533.30281.791.8925
1981491.96288.621.7045489.81194.372.5200489.81287.361.7045
1980453.93302.941.4984455.16189.652.4000455.16303.761.4984
1979404.54260.151.5550406.77176.862.3000
1978360.56214.161.6836365.02148.382.4600

United Nations data

United Nations data
Nominal GDP comparison between main world countries
(United Nations data Dec.2015; in billions of US dollars )[13]
country20142013201220112010200920082007200620052000199519901985198019751970
world78,03776,17674,22272,80765,64559,97363,26257,74251,21347,26533,29930,86022,94713,50212,2746,6273,399.50
 United States17,34816,66316,15515,51814,96414,41914,71914,47813,85613,09410,2857,6645,9804,3472,8631,6891,075.90
 China10,4319,5188,4717,4426,0055,0714,5653,5422,7522,2911,20973439731130315989.65
 Japan4,6024,9205,9575,9095,4995,0354,8494,3564,3574,5724,7315,3343,1041,3851,087513209.07
 Germany3,8683,7453,5403,7583,4173,4183,7533,4403,0022,8611,9502,5911,765730947489215.02
 United Kingdom2,9892,7122,6302,5952,4042,3152,7942,9702,5882,4191,5551,2381,093489565242130.68
 France2,8292,8102,6812,8632,6472,6942,9242,6632,3252,2041,3681,6101,275555704362148.94
 Brazil2,3472,3922,4132,6152,2091,6651,6951,3961,10889265277840718719110835.21
 Italy2,1412,1342,0752,2782,1272,1862,3922,2041,9431,8531,1421,1711,178451476227113.07
 India2,0551,9361,8691,8921,6691,3121,2691,1829298214593623202221819860.26
 Russia 1,850 2,079 2,016 1,905 1,525 1,223 1,661 1,300 990 764 260 399  Soviet Union[15]
783914940686433.41
 Canada1,7851,8391,8331,7891,6141,3711,5431,4581,3111,16473960259236327317487.76
 Australia1,4711,5291,5751,5351,2911,0111,05598681976240939232418217310945.13
 South Korea1,4101,3061,2231,2021,0949021,0021,1231,01289856255627910065229.00
 Spain1,3811,3691,3401,4881,4321,4991,6351,4791,2641,15759561353518023211440.88
 Mexico1,2951,2591,1851,1691,0508931,1011,04396586564932029322023211044.23
comparison of Nominal GDP ranking
comparison of Nominal GDP ranking
(United Nations data Dec.2015; in billions of US dollars )[13]
country20142013201220112010200920082007200620052000199519901985198019751970
 United States11111111111111111
 China222222334568119898
 Japan33333322222222234
 Germany44444444333334343
 United Kingdom56676665544566666
 France65555556665445555
 Brazil7776788101011971012141317
 Italy88888777777657777
 India91010109111212141313151310151510
 Russia 10 9 9 9 11 12 9 11 12 14 20 13  Soviet Union[15]
73422
 Canada 1111111110101198881088989
 Australia1212121213131415151515141213161211
 South Korea1314141414141513111012111622313639
 Spain1413131312910899119914101013
 Mexico1515151515151314131210171511111112
comparison for percentage share of world nominal GDP
comparison for percentage share of world nominal GDP
(United Nations data, Dec.2015; in billions of US dollars )[13]
country20142013201220112010200920082007200620052000199519901985198019751970
world100100100100100100100100100100100100100100100100100
 United States22.2321.8721.7721.3122.8024.0423.2725.0727.0627.7030.8924.8326.0632.1923.3225.4931.65
 China13.3712.5011.4110.229.158.467.226.135.374.853.632.381.732.302.472.392.64
 Japan5.906.468.038.128.388.407.677.548.519.6714.2117.2813.5310.258.867.746.15
 Germany4.964.924.775.165.215.705.935.965.866.055.868.407.695.407.717.386.33
 United Kingdom3.833.563.543.563.663.864.425.145.055.124.674.014.763.624.603.653.84
 France3.633.693.613.934.034.494.624.614.544.664.115.225.564.115.735.464.38
 Brazil3.013.143.253.593.372.782.682.422.161.891.962.521.771.391.561.631.04
 Italy2.742.802.803.133.243.653.783.823.793.923.433.805.133.343.883.433.33
 India2.632.542.522.602.542.192.012.051.811.741.381.171.401.641.481.491.77
 Russia 2.37 2.73 2.72 2.62 2.32 2.04 2.63 2.25 1.93 1.62 0.78 1.29  Soviet Union[15]
3.416.777.6610.3512.75
 Canada2.292.412.472.462.462.292.442.522.562.462.221.952.582.692.232.622.58
 Australia1.892.012.122.111.971.691.671.711.601.611.231.271.411.351.411.641.33
 South Korea1.811.711.651.651.671.501.581.941.981.901.691.801.220.740.530.330.26
 Spain1.771.801.812.042.182.502.582.562.472.451.791.992.331.341.891.731.20
 Mexico1.661.651.601.611.601.491.741.811.881.831.951.041.281.631.891.651.30
comparison of Nominal GDP per capita by year
Comparison of China's historical Nominal GDP per capita rankings in the world by year
(United Nations data FEB.17, 2016; GDP pc: abbreviation of GDP per capita )[13]
year former middle later world
GDP pc
rankcountryGDP pcrankcountryGDP pcrankcountryGDP pc
2014 8  Switzerland85,3749 Austria62,29010 Denmark61,294 10,743
14 Singapore55,91015 United States54,30616 Ireland53,648
19 Austria51,29620 Canada50,16921 Finland49,678
21 Finland49,67822 Germany47,96623 Belgium47,348
23 Belgium47,34824 United Kingdom46,46125 Andorra45,033
29 Greenland43,43030 France42,65131 Brunei Darussalam40,979
34 Israel38,50035 Japan36,29836 Italy35,812
35 Japan36,29836 Italy35,81237 British Virgin Islands30,501
37 British Virgin Islands30,50138 Spain29,86139 South Korea28,166
38 Spain29,86139 South Korea28,16640 Puerto Rico28,123
74 Croatia13,42575 Russia12,89876 Panama12,712
79 Montserrat12,38480 Brazil11,38781 Palau11,068
83 Costa Rica10,41584 Mexico10,32685 Gabon10,317
98 Saint Lucia7,65599 China7,617100 Dominica7,361
166 Kiribati1,632167 India1,586168 Côte d'Ivoire1,546
2013101 Montenegro7,147102 China6,986103 Botswana6,88210,609
2012108 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines6,338109 China6,250110 Timor-Leste6,17710,460
2011112 Thailand5,539113 China5,520114 Algeria5,44710,383
2010114 North Macedonia4,561115 China4,478116 Bosnia and Herzegovina4,4759,475
2009120 Algeria3,876121 China3,802122 Jordan3,8018,762
2008130 Iraq3,527131 China3,441132 Tonga3,3269,355
2007132 Tuvalu2,768133 China2,684134 Kosovo2,6698,644
2006138 Armenia2,127139 China2,097140 Vanuatu2,0477,761
2005137 Guyana1,772138 China1,755139 Democratic Republic of the Congo1,7387,251
2000139 Bolivia1,007140 China952141 Sri Lanka8905,436
1995155 Ghana618156 China598157 Uzbekistan5945,384
1990163 Equatorial Guinea70164 China111165 Lesotho654,324
1980163 Bhutan212164 China111165 Papua New Guinea1262,766
1970159 Togo125160 China111161 Benin111924

World Bank data

World Bank data
comparison of Nominal GDP by year
Nominal GDP comparison between main world countries
(World Bank WDI data FEB.17, 2016; in billions of US dollars )[14]
Country2014201320122011201020092008200720062005200019901985198019701960
world77,84576,23774,15572,66065,58859,77663,07157,53151,03547,10433,29222,54212,66211,1542,952.021,366.62
 United States17,41916,76816,16315,51814,96414,41914,71914,47813,85613,09410,2855,9804,3472,8631,075.88543.30
 China10,3559,4918,4627,4926,0405,0594,5583,5232,7302,2691,20535930719091.5159.18
 Japan4,6014,9205,9545,9065,4955,0354,8494,3564,3574,5724,7313,1041,3851,087209.0744.31
 Germany3,8683,7453,5403,7573,4173,4183,7523,4403,0022,8611,9501,765730947215.02
 United Kingdom2,9892,7122,6302,5952,4042,3152,7932,9702,5882,4191,5551,093489565130.6772.33
 France2,8292,8102,6812,8632,6472,6942,9232,6632,3252,2041,3681,275555704148.9562.65
 Brazil2,3462,3922,4132,6152,2091,6651,6951,3961,10889265746222323542.3315.17
 Italy2,1412,1342,0752,2782,1272,1862,3922,2041,9441,8541,1421,178451476113.0640.39
 India2,0491,8621,8321,8361,7081,3651,2241,23994983447732723719063.5237.68
 Russia 1,861 2,079 2,016 1,905 1,525 1,223 1,661 1,300 990 764 260  Soviet Union[15]
783914940433.41
 Canada1,7851,8391,8331,7891,6141,3711,5431,4581,3111,16473959236327387.7641.09
 Australia1,4551,5641,5371,3901,1429271,05585374769341531118015041.2518.57
 South Korea1,4101,3061,2231,2021,0949021,0021,1231,012898562285104689.413.89
 Spain1,3811,3691,3401,4881,4321,4991,6351,4791,2651,15759553518023240.8812.07
 Mexico1,2951,2591,1851,1691,0508931,1011,04396586668426318419435.5413.06
comparison for percentage share of world nominal GDP
comparison for percentage share of world nominal GDP
( World Bank WDI data FEB.17, 2016; unit: percentage )[14]
Country2014201320122011201020092008200720062005200019901985198019701960
World100100100100100100100100100100100100100100100100
 United States22.3821.9921.8021.3622.8224.1223.3425.1727.1527.8030.8926.5334.3325.6636.4539.76
 China13.3012.4511.4110.319.218.467.236.125.354.823.621.592.431.703.104.33
 Japan5.916.458.038.138.388.427.697.578.549.7114.2113.7710.939.747.083.24
 Germany4.974.914.775.175.215.725.955.985.886.075.867.835.768.497.28
 United Kingdom3.843.563.553.573.663.874.435.165.075.144.674.853.865.064.435.29
 France3.633.693.623.944.044.514.644.634.564.684.115.664.386.315.054.58
 Brazil3.013.143.253.603.372.782.692.432.171.891.972.051.762.111.431.11
 Italy2.752.802.803.143.243.663.793.833.813.933.435.223.564.273.832.96
 India2.632.442.472.532.602.281.942.151.861.771.431.451.871.702.152.76
 Russia 2.39 2.73 2.72 2.62 2.32 2.05 2.63 2.26 1.94 1.62 0.78  Soviet Union[15]
3.477.228.4314.68
 Canada2.292.412.472.462.462.292.452.532.572.472.222.632.872.452.973.01
 Australia1.872.052.071.911.741.551.671.481.461.471.251.381.421.341.401.36
 South Korea1.811.711.651.651.671.511.591.951.981.911.691.260.820.610.320.28
 Spain1.771.801.812.052.182.512.592.572.482.461.792.371.422.081.380.88
 Mexico1.661.651.601.611.601.491.751.811.891.842.051.171.461.741.200.96
comparison of Nominal GDP ranking
comparison of Nominal GDP ranking
( World Bank WDI data FEB.17, 2016; unit: percentage )[14]
Country2014201320122011201020092008200720062005200019901985198019701960
 United States1111111111111111
 China222222334561191386
 Japan3333332222222247
 Germany4444444433334335
 United Kingdom5667776554466663
 France6555555666545554
 Brazil777666810101110101191112
 Italy8888887777757779
 India9101110101012121413131210141010
 Russia 10 9 9 9 9 9 9 11 12 14 20  Soviet Union[15]
73422
 Canada11111011111111988888898
 Australia12121213131314151515141415161211
 South Korea13141414141415131110121520273132
 Spain1413131212121089911913101317
 Mexico1515151515151314131291612111615
comparison of Nominal GDP per capita by year
Comparison of China's historical Nominal GDP per capita rankings in the world by year
(World Bank WDI data FEB.17, 2016; GDP pc: abbreviation of GDP per capita )[14]
year former middle later
rankcountryGDP pcrankcountryGDP pcrankcountryGDP pc
2014
8  Switzerland85,5949 Australia61,92510 Denmark60,707
12 Singapore56,28513 United States54,62914 Ireland54,374
18 Austria51,19119 Canada50,23520 Finland49,824
20 Finland49,82421 Germany47,82222 Belgium47,353
22 Belgium47,35323 United Kingdom46,33224 New Zealand44,342
27 Andorra42,80728 France42,73329 Brunei40,980
31 Israel37,20832 Japan36,19433 Italy34,909
32 Japan36,19433 Italy34,90934 Spain29,767
33 Italy34,90934 Spain29,76735 Puerto Rico28,682
35 Puerto Rico28,68236 South Korea27,97037 Cyprus27,194
61 Antigua and Barbuda13,43262 Russia12,73663 Kazakhstan12,602
66 Palau11,88067 Brazil11,38468 Malaysia11,307
71 Costa Rica10,41572 Mexico10,32673 Lebanon10,058
84 Maldives7,63585 China7,59086 Montenegro7,378
152 Zambia1,722153 India1,582154 Ivory Coast1,546
201388 Dominica7,03789 China6,99290 South Africa6,890
201296 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines6,33897 China6,26598 Dominican Republic5,967
201199 Turkmenistan5,725100 China5,574101 Namibia5,540
2010103 North Macedonia4,561104 China4,515105 Iraq4,487
2009111 Algeria3,876112 China3,800113 Iraq3,726
2008120 El Salvador3,569121 China3,441122 Samoa3,376
2007127 Eswatini2,691128 China2,673129 Turkmenistan2,607
2006133 Morocco2,108134 China2,082135 Vanuatu2,047
2005129 Ukraine1,829130 China1,740131 Republic of the Congo1,738
2004126 Vanuatu1,788127 China1,498128 Turkmenistan1,456
2003127 Turkmenistan1,286128 China1,281129 Syria1,261
2002130 Paraguay1,148131 China1,142132 Eswatini1,131
2001131 Honduras1,188132 China1,047133 Nicaragua1,044
2000138 Guyana960139 China955140 Serbia870
1999134 Honduras879135 China870136 Kiribati851
1998136 Ukraine835137 China826138 Kiribati823
1997138 Honduras796139 China779140 Georgia775
1996141 Zimbabwe720142 China707143 Honduras705
1995143 Zimbabwe609144 China608145 Mauritania606
1994139 Georgia517140 China472141 Moldova461
1993149 Albania381150 China376151 Ghana375
1992151 Armenia369152 China365153 Tajikistan346
1991160 Kenya336161 China331162 Mali314
1990162 Nigeria322163 China316164 Mali316
1989144 Benin311145 China309146 Burkina Faso305
1988150 Equatorial Guinea284151 China282152 Sierra Leone278
1987152 Mali259153 China250154 Bangladesh248
1986141 Benin303142 China280143 Niger271
1985138 India303139 China293140 Madagascar286
1980146 Malawi201147 China193148   Nepal131
1975121 Central African Republic188122 China176123 Pakistan170
1970117 India115118 China112119 Guinea-Bissau111
196087 Nigeria9388 China8989 Bangladesh89

IMF data

IMF data
comparison of Nominal GDP by year
Nominal GDP comparison between main world countries
(IMF WEO data Oct.2015; in billions of US dollars )[8]
country2014201320122011201020092008200720062005200019961995199019851980
World77,26975,46773,77772,42365,33959,68363,01457,51650,94647,02833,45631,53530,68123,21612,27011,137
 United States17,34816,66316,15515,51814,96414,41914,71914,47813,85613,09410,2858,1007,6645,9804,3472,862
 China10,3579,4918,4627,4936,0405,0604,5593,5232,7302,2691,205861732393308304
 Japan4,6024,9205,9575,9095,4995,0354,8494,3564,3574,5724,7314,7065,3343,1041,3851,087
 Germany3,8743,7463,5423,7613,4233,4273,7703,4453,0052,8661,9562,5052,5941,593659851
 United Kingdom2,9502,6782,6242,5932,4072,3112,7862,9632,5832,4121,5491,3051,2361,093490565
 France2,8342,8112,6832,8652,6522,7012,9372,6672,3272,2071,3721,6151,6111,279560705
 Brazil2,3472,3912,4122,6132,2091,6671,6951,3961,108892657854786475237152
 Italy2,1482,1382,0762,2802,1312,1922,4032,2071,9451,8571,1461,3101,1721,140446470
 India2,0511,8751,8361,8431,7081,3651,2241,239949834477400367327238189
 Russia 1,861 2,079 2,016 1,905 1,525 1,223 1,661 1,300 990 764 260 392 313  Soviet Union[15]
783914940
 Canada1,7851,8391,8331,7891,6141,3711,5431,4581,3111,164739627602592363273
 Australia1,4431,4971,5551,5001,2459821,036947781734397425379323174163
 South Korea1,4101,3061,2231,2021,0949021,0021,1231,01289856259855627910065
 Spain1,4071,3931,3561,4961,4341,5031,6431,4811,2661,159597639612534181230
comparison of Nominal GDP ranking
Comparison of Nominal GDP ranking between main countries ( based on Nominal GDP, IMF WEO data Oct.2015 )[8]
country2014201320122011201020092008200720062005200019961995199019851980
 United States1111111111111111
 China22222233456781298
 Japan3333332222222222
 Germany4444444433333344
 United Kingdom5667665554465666
 France6555556666544455
 Brazil777678101010111087111117
 Italy8888877777756577
 India910101091112121413131414131014
 Russia 10 9 9 9 11 12 11 11 12 14 21 16 17  Soviet Union[15]
733
 Canada111111111010998881010889
 Australia12121212131315151515151313141416
 South Korea13141414141413131110121111172129
 Spain1413131312988991199101312
comparison for percentage share of world nominal GDP
Comparison for percentage share of world nominal GDP (IMF WEO data Oct.2015; % )[8]
country2014201320122011201020092008200720062005200019961995199019851980
World100100100100100100100100100100100100100100100100
 United States22.4522.0821.9021.4322.9024.1623.3625.1727.2027.8430.7425.6924.9825.7635.4325.70
 China13.4012.5811.4710.359.248.487.236.135.364.823.602.732.391.692.512.73
 Japan5.966.528.078.168.428.447.707.578.559.7214.1414.9217.3913.3711.289.76
 Germany5.014.964.805.195.245.745.985.995.906.095.857.948.466.865.377.64
 United Kingdom3.823.553.563.583.683.874.425.155.075.134.634.144.034.713.995.07
 France3.673.723.643.964.064.534.664.644.574.694.105.125.255.514.566.33
 Brazil3.043.173.273.613.382.792.692.432.171.901.962.712.562.051.931.37
 Italy2.782.832.813.153.263.673.813.843.823.953.424.153.824.913.644.22
 India2.652.482.492.542.612.291.942.151.861.771.421.271.191.411.941.70
 Russia 2.41 2.75 2.73 2.63 2.33 2.05 2.64 2.26 1.94 1.62 0.78 1.24 1.02  Soviet Union[15]
3.377.458.44
 Canada2.312.442.482.472.472.302.452.532.572.482.211.991.962.552.962.45
 Australia1.871.982.112.071.911.641.641.651.531.561.191.351.241.391.421.46
 South Korea1.831.731.661.661.681.511.591.951.991.911.681.901.811.200.820.59
 Spain1.821.851.842.072.202.522.612.582.482.471.782.022.002.301.482.07
comparison of Nominal GDP per capita by year
Comparison of China's historical Nominal GDP per capita rankings in the world by year
(World Bank WDI data FEB.17, 2016; GDP pc: abbreviation of GDP per capita )[8]
year former middle later
rankcountryGDP pcrankcountryGDP pcrankcountryGDP pc
2014
10 Ireland54,41111 United States54,37012 Iceland52,315
13 Netherlands52,22514 Austria51,43315 Canada50,304
14 Austria51,43315 Canada50,30416 Finland50,016
16 Finland50,01617 Germany47,77418 Belgium47,682
18 Belgium47,68219 United Kingdom45,72920 France44,332
19 United Kingdom45,72920 France44,33221 New Zealand43,363
26 Israel37,22227 Japan36,22228 Italy35,335
27 Japan36,22228 Italy35,33529 Spain30,272
28 Italy35,33529 Spain30,27230 South Korea27,970
29 Spain30,27230 South Korea27,97031 Bahrain26,701
58 Argentina12,73559 Russia12,71860 Kazakhstan12,400
60 Kazakhstan12,40061 Brazil11,57362 Gabon11,484
65 Malaysia11,04966 Mexico10,78467 Turkey10,381
79 Bulgaria7,75180 China7,57281 Dominica7,410
144 Kiribati1,619145 India1,608146 Yemen1,574
201384 Montenegro7,09385 China6,97586 Iraq6,957
201290 Dominican Republic6,25291 China6,24992 Namibia6,068
201191 Peru5,68592 China5,56193 Thailand5,479
201094 North Macedonia4,57695 China4,50496 Algeria4,481
2009100 Algeria3,886101 China3,791102 Turkmenistan3,776
2008110 El Salvador3,485111 China3,433112 Republic of the Congo3,264
2007114 Tuvalu2,715115 China2,667116 Morocco2,563
2006118 Armenia2,128119 China2,077120 Vanuatu2,007
2005116 Republic of the Congo1,820117 China1,735118 Guyana1,728
2004113 Guyana1,665114 China1,494115 Republic of the Congo1,430
2003112 Vanuatu1,538113 China1,277114 Honduras1,228
2002115 Honduras1,197116 China1,138117 Paraguay1,136
2001115 Honduras1,189116 China1,044117 Nicaragua1,031
2000119 Nicaragua1,002120 China951121 Solomon Islands924
1995125 Mauritania617126 China604127 Pakistan600
1990131 Mali345132 China343133 Niger330
1985125 Comoros303126 China291127 Madagascar286
1980126 Bhutan308127 China308128 Sri Lanka301
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See also

References

  1. "The Top 20 Economies in the World".
  2. China NBS / Bulletin on Reforming China 's GDP Accounting and Data Release System: stats.gov.cn (12-Jan-17) or China NBS Announcement: GDP Revision according to SNA2008 (Chinese), China revises Historical GDP according to SNA2008; see finance.qq.com, sina.com.cn
  3. China Economic History
  4. "IMF World Economic Outlook database". Retrieved 2020-01-28.
  5. National Economic Performance Maintained within an Appropriate Range in 2018 with Main Development Goals Achieved (21 January 2019): National Bureau of Statistics of China; the average exchange rate is 6.6174 Chinese yuan per US dollar in 2018.
  6. the annual data of China'GDP: published on China NBS: National data - annual - national accounts - Gross Domestic Product; Figures for the current year 2015 are based on the Statistical Communiqué of the People's Republic of China on the 2017 National Economic and Social Development.
  7. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-03-06/china-s-economy-is-set-to-overtake-combined-euro-area-this-year
  8. the historical PPP GDP figures of Mainland China and exchange rates of Chinese yuan to Int'l. dollar are based on the World Economic Outlook Database April 2019 "Download WEO Data: April 2019 Edition" (Press release). International Monetary Fund. April 9, 2019. Retrieved April 29, 2019.
  9. the GDP2019 is based on "National Economy was Generally Stable in 2019 with Main Projected Targets for Development Achieved" (Press release). China NBS. 17 January 2020. Retrieved 2020-01-19.
  10. Searched the web China NBS about the 4th National Economic Census.
  11. the historical PPP GDP figures of Mainland China and exchange rates of Chinese yuan to Int'l. dollar are based on the World Economic Outlook Database October 2019 "Download WEO Data: October 2019 Edition" (Press release). International Monetary Fund. October 2019. Retrieved 2020-01-19.
  12. Quarterly GDP data: national data. stats.gov.cn. February 2020. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
  13. United Nations data: from United Nations: National Accounts Main Aggregates Database - Latest Data Upload (December 2015)
  14. World bank - WDI: from World bank / World Development Indicators (WDI): GDP at market prices (current US$) or GDP (current LCU)
  15. Figures of the former Soviet Union: according to United Nations: National Accounts main aggregates database (loaded on December 2015).

Further reading

  • Ta-Chung Liu, Kung-Chia Yeh: The Economy of the Chinese Mainland. National Income and Economic Development, 1933–1959. Princeton N. J. Princeton University Press
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