Demographics of Serbia

This article is about the demographic features of the population of Serbia; including vital statistics, ethnicity, religious affiliations, education level, health of the populace, and other aspects of the population.

Demographics of Serbia
Population	6,926,705 (1 January 2020)[1]
Growth rate	−5.4 per 1,000 inhabitants (2019)[1]
Birth rate	9.3 per 1,000 pop. (2019)[1]
Death rate	14.6 per 1,000 pop. (2019)[1]
Life expectancy	75.7 years (2019)[2]
• male	73.1 years [3]
• female	78.4 years[3]
Fertility rate	1.52 children born/woman (2019) [1]
Infant mortality rate	4.8 deaths/1,000 infants (2019)[1]
Net migration rate	-1.6 migrant(s)/1,000 pop. (2011)
Age structure
0–14 years	14.3% (2019)[4]
15–64 years	65.0% (2019)[1]
65 and over	20.7% (2019)[1]
Sex ratio
At birth	1.06 male(s)/female
Under 15	1.06 male(s)/female
15–64 years	1.00 male(s)/female
65 and over	0.75 male(s)/female
Nationality
Nationality	noun: Serbian(s) adjective: Serbian
Major ethnic	Serbs (83.3%)
Minor ethnic	Hungarians (3.5%) Roma (2.1%) Bosniaks (2%) other minorities less than 1% respectively
Language
Official	Serbian at national level; Hungarian, Bosnian, Croatian, Slovakian, Albanian, Romanian, Montenegrin and Rusyn are in official use in individual municipalities
Spoken	Serbian (88%) Hungarian (3.4%) Bosnian (1.9%) Romani (1.4%) other minority languages less than 1% respectively

History

Main article: Demographic history of Serbia

Censuses in Serbia ordinarily take place every 10 years, organized by the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. The Principality of Serbia had conducted the first population census in 1834; the subsequent censuses were conducted in 1841, 1843, 1846, 1850, 1854, 1859, 1863 and 1866 and 1874. During the era Kingdom of Serbia, six censuses were conducted in 1884, 1890, 1895, 1900, 1905 and the last one being in 1910. During the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, censuses were conducted in 1931 and 1921; the census in 1941 was never conducted due to the outbreak of World War II. Socialist Yugoslavia conducted censuses in 1948, 1953, 1961, 1971, 1981, and 1991. The two most recent censuses were held in 2002 and 2011.

The years since the first 1834 Census saw frequent border changes of Serbia, first amidst the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire and Austria-Hungary, then subsequent formation and later disintegration of Yugoslavia and, finally, 2008 independence of Kosovo which affected territorial scope in which all these censuses have been conducted.

Historical population

Year	Pop.	±%
1834	678,192	—
1841	828,895	+22.2%
1843	859,545	+3.7%
1846	915,080	+6.5%
1850	956,893	+4.6%
1854	998,919	+4.4%
1859	1,078,281	+7.9%
1863	1,108,668	+2.8%
1866	1,216,219	+9.7%
1874	1,669,337	+37.3%
1884	1,901,336	+13.9%
1895	2,493,770	+31.2%
1910	2,922,858	+17.2%
1921	4,781,446	+63.6%
1931	5,675,567	+18.7%
1948	5,794,966	+2.1%
1953	6,163,154	+6.4%
1961	6,678,227	+8.4%
1971	7,202,591	+7.9%
1981	7,729,676	+7.3%
1991	7,822,915	+1.2%
2002	7,498,001	−4.2%
2011	7,253,862	−3.3%
2019	6,963,764	−4.0%

Total fertility rate 1860-1949

The total fertility rate is the number of children born per woman. It is based on fairly good data for the entire period. Sources: Our World In Data and Gapminder Foundation.[5]

Year	1860	1861	1862	1863	1864	1865	1866	1867	1868	1869	1870[5]
Total fertility rate	5.51	5.47	5.43	5.7	5.96	5.97	5.98	5.98	5.99	6	6

Year	1871	1872	1873	1874	1875	1876	1877	1878	1879	1880[5]
Total fertility rate	5.95	5.89	5.84	5.78	5.73	5.67	5.62	5.56	5.51	5.45

Year	1881	1882	1883	1884	1885	1886	1887	1888	1889	1890[5]
Total fertility rate	5.45	5.44	5.44	5.43	5.43	5.42	5.42	5.41	5.41	5.4

Year	1891	1892	1893	1894	1895	1896	1897	1898	1899	1900[5]
Total fertility rate	5.43	5.46	5.48	5.51	5.54	5.57	5.6	5.63	5.65	5.68

Year	1901	1902	1903	1904	1905	1906	1907	1908	1909	1910[5]
Total fertility rate	5.54	5.41	5.48	5.27	5.13	5	5.04	5.13	5.18	5.23

Year	1911	1912	1913	1914	1915	1916	1917	1918	1919	1920[5]
Total fertility rate	5.18	5.14	5.1	5.05	5.01	4.96	4.92	4.88	4.83	4.79

Year	1921	1922	1923	1924	1925	1926	1927	1928	1929	1930[5]
Total fertility rate	4.75	4.7	4.76	4.62	4.57	4.53	4.49	4.44	4.4	4.36

Year	1931	1932	1933	1934	1935	1936	1937	1938	1939	1940[5]
Total fertility rate	4.31	4.27	4.22	4.18	4.14	4.09	4.05	4.01	3.96	3.92

Year	1941	1942	1943	1944	1945	1946	1947	1948	1949[5]
Total fertility rate	3.88	3.83	3.79	3.75	3.7	3.66	3.61	3.57	3.53

Vital statistics[6][7][8][9]

Data for Serbia excluding Kosovo.

	Average population	Live births	Deaths	Natural change	Crude birth rate (per 1000)	Crude death rate (per 1000)	Natural change (per 1000)	Total fertility rate	Female fertile population (15–49 years)
1950	5,969,977	163,297	76,851	86,446	27.4	12.9	14.5	3.11	1,667,489
1951	6,045,982	145,197	80,034	65,163	24.0	13.2	10.8	2.70	1,679,515
1952	6,106,976	161,306	67,870	93,436	26.4	11.1	15.3	2.94	1,691,530
1953	6,186,015	151,672	68,168	83,504	24.5	11.0	13.5	2.69	1,703,548
1954	6,271,014	152,569	62,610	89,959	24.3	10.0	14.3	2.66	1,714,614
1955	6,369,436	140,396	65,179	75,217	22.0	10.2	11.8	2.42	1,725,685
1956	6,422,999	132,078	67,105	64,973	20.6	10.4	10.1	2.26	1,736,751
1957	6,481,984	118,535	61,885	56,650	18.3	9.5	8.7	2.03	1,739,485
1958	6,535,020	118,425	55,564	62,861	18.1	8.5	9.6	2.05	1,742,115
1959	6,587,014	114,872	60,850	54,022	17.4	9.2	8.2	2.02	1,739,287
1960	6,638,992	119,298	61,872	57,426	18.0	9.3	8.6	2.12	1,733,296
1961	6,689,077	115,222	57,990	57,232	17.2	8.7	8.6	2.08	1,727,303
1962	6,740,264	110,008	62,830	47,178	16.3	9.3	7.0	2.03	1,735,235
1963	6,787,950	108,324	57,778	50,546	16.0	8.5	7.4	2.02	1,750,899
1964	6,832,855	103,847	62,100	41,747	15.2	9.1	6.1	1.96	1,769,796
1965	6,876,624	106,699	58,856	47,843	15.5	8.6	7.0	2.02	1,807,362
1966	6,927,969	103,775	55,471	48,304	15.0	8.0	7.0	1.98	1,843,693
1967	6,966,522	103,491	62,915	40,576	14.9	9.0	5.8	1.96	1,887,344
1968	7,007,586	103,621	60,932	42,689	14.8	8.7	6.1	1.95	1,945,878
1969	7,123,249	105,478	68,152	37,326	14.8	9.6	5.2	1.93	1,972,004
1970	7,164,993	102,453	67,211	35,242	14.3	9.4	4.9	1.81	2,012,702
1971	7,211,716	104,070	65,872	38,198	14.4	9.1	5.3	1.83	2,020,324
1972	7,267,030	106,859	70,822	36,037	14.7	9.7	5.0	1.83	2,019,717
1973	7,322,344	108,361	67,152	41,209	14.8	9.2	5.6	1.84	2,036,056
1974	7,377,659	110,458	66,457	44,001	15.0	9.0	6.0	1.86	2,020,513
1975	7,432,973	112,945	69,590	43,355	15.2	9.4	5.8	1.88	2,010,021
1976	7,488,287	114,035	68,565	45,470	15.2	9.2	6.1	1.89	2,002,713
1977	7,543,601	111,510	68,924	42,586	14.8	9.1	5.6	1.86	1,994,191
1978	7,598,916	110,622	71,986	38,636	14.6	9.5	5.1	1.86	1,974,022
1979	7,654,230	109,953	72,306	37,647	14.4	9.4	4.9	1.87	1,986,006
1980	7,709,544	109,597	76,180	33,417	14.2	9.9	4.3	1.86	1,997,988
1981	7,736,787	103,407	78,086	25,321	13.4	10.1	3.3	1.76	1,977,061
1982	7,763,335	106,575	78,473	28,102	13.7	10.1	3.6	1.84	1,947,609
1983	7,788,100	108,003	83,506	24,497	13.9	10.7	3.1	1.89	1,914,434
1984	7,813,549	107,036	82,742	24,294	13.7	10.6	3.1	1.90	1,921,422
1985	7,835,902	101,938	81,836	20,102	13.0	10.4	2.6	1.84	1,920,627
1986	7,853,824	99,419	83,977	15,442	12.7	10.7	2.0	1.82	1,911,361
1987	7,868,027	98,279	83,426	14,853	12.5	10.6	1.9	1.82	1,919,612
1988	7,884,218	97,471	83,616	13,855	12.4	10.6	1.8	1.82	1,899,146
1989	7,893,787	91,270	85,256	6,014	11.6	10.8	0.8	1.72	1,895,541
1990	7,897,937	90,467	85,515	4,952	11.5	10.8	0.6	1.72	1,899,883
1991	7,824,589	90,378	89,072	1,306	11.6	11.4	0.2	1.82	1,813,520
1992	7,787,897	86,877	93,475	-6,598	11.2	12.0	-0.8	1.76	1,821,688
1993	7,751,205	87,931	95,121	-7,190	11.3	12.3	-0.9	1.78	1,833,456
1994	7,714,513	85,292	93,011	-7,719	11.1	12.1	-1.0	1.72	1,846,610
1995	7,677,821	86,236	93,933	-7,697	11.2	12.2	-1.0	1.74	1,860,970
1996	7,641,129	82,548	98,370	-15,822	10.8	12.9	-2.1	1.66	1,868,882
1997	7,604,437	79,716	98,068	-18,352	10.5	12.9	-2.4	1.61	1,864,628
1998	7,567,745	76,330	99,376	-23,046	10.1	13.1	-3.0	1.54	1,855,228
1999	7,540,401	72,222	101,444	-29,222	9.6	13.5	-3.9	1.46	1,844,875
2000	7,516,346	73,764	104,042	-30,278	9.8	13.8	-4.0	1.48	1,831,994
2001	7,503,433	78,435	99,008	-20,573	10.5	13.2	-2.7	1.58	1,821,493
2002	7,500,031	78,101	102,785	-24,684	10.4	13.7	-3.3	1.57	1,810,526
2003	7,480,591	79,025	103,946	-24,921	10.6	13.9	-3.3	1.59	1,789,668
2004[10]	7,463,157	78,186	104,320	-26,134	10.5	14.0	-3.5	1.57	1,770,053
2005	7,440,769	72,180	106,771	-34,591	9.7	14.3	-4.6	1.45	1,750,845
2006	7,411,569	70,997	102,884	-31,887	9.6	13.9	-4.3	1.43	1,733,316
2007	7,381,579	68,102	102,805	-34,703	9.2	13.9	-4.7	1.38	1,718,428
2008	7,350,222	69,083	102,711	-33,628	9.4	14.0	-4.6	1.41	1,704,735
2009	7,320,807	70,299	104,000	-33,701	9.6	14.2	-4.6	1.44	1,691,363
2010[11]	7,291,436	68,304	103,211	-34,907	9.4	14.2	-4.8	1.41	1,677,562
2011	7,236,519	65,598	102,935	-37,337	9.1	14.2	-5.2	1.40	1,632,708
2012	7,201,497	67,257	102,400	-35,143	9.3	14.2	-4.9	1.45	1,615,898
2013	7,166,552	65,554	100,300	-34,746	9.1	14.0	-4.8	1.43	1,599,129
2014	7,131,787	66,461	101,247	-34,786	9.3	14.2	-4.9	1.47	1,582,643
2015	7,095,383	65,657	103,678	-38,021	9.3	14.6	-5.4	1.46	1,566,064
2016	7,058,322	64,734	100,834	-36,100	9.2	14.3	-5.1	1.46	1,550,651
2017	7,020,858	64,894	103,722	-38,828	9.2	14.8	-5.5	1.48	1,537,044
2018[12]	6,982,604	63,975	101,655	-37,680	9.2	14.6	-5.4	1.48	1,523,675
2019[13][14]	6,945,235	64,399	101,458	-37,059	9.3	14.6	-5.3	1.52	1,510,363
	Average population	Live births	Deaths	Natural change	Crude birth rate (per 1000)	Crude death rate (per 1000)	Natural change (per 1000)	Total fertility rate	Female fertile population (15–49 years)
Total 1950-2018		6,760,974	5,681,634	1,079,340	934.3	785.1	149.1
Average 1950-2018	7,236,775	97,985	82,343	15,643	13.5	11.4	2.2	1.86	1,813,209

Current vital statistics[15][16]

Births

• from January - June 2019 = 29,666
• from January - June 2020 = 29,314
• Difference between number of births in 2019 and 2020 (January - June) = -352 (-1.19%)

Deaths

• from January - June 2019 = 52,309
• from January - June 2020 = 51,569
• Difference between number of deaths in 2019 and 2020 (January - June) = -740 (-1.41%)

Natural increase

• from January - June 2019 = -22,643
• from January - June 2020 = -22,255
• Difference between natural increase in 2019 and 2020 (January - June) = +388

Birth statistics by districts

2017 data[17]

District	Population	Live births	Crude birth rate (‰)
City of Belgrade	1,687,132	18,000	10.7‰
Kolubara District	165,273	1,334	8.1‰
Mačva District	283,007	2,441	8.6‰
Moravica District	202,026	1,753	8.7‰
Pomoravlje District	202,025	1,435	7.1‰
Rasina District	226,808	1,772	7.8‰
Raška District	305,954	3,260	10.7‰
Šumadija District	284,957	2,390	8.4‰
Zlatibor District	271,080	2,358	8.7‰
Bor District	114,816	846	7.4‰
Braničevo District	170,207	1,284	7.5‰
Jablanica District	203,254	1,655	8.1‰
Nišava District	364,157	3,290	9.0‰
Pčinja District	198,671	1,980	10.0‰
Pirot District	85,964	645	7.5‰
Podunavlje District	189,091	1,469	7.8‰
Toplica District	85,287	758	8.9‰
Zaječar District	109,634	660	6.0‰
Central Banat District	177,308	1,561	8.8‰
North Bačka District	180,349	1,709	9.5‰
North Banat District	138,371	1,158	8.4‰
South Bačka District	617,949	6,529	10.6‰
South Banat District	281,203	2,500	8.9‰
Srem District	300,988	2,715	9.0‰
West Bačka District	175,347	1,392	7.9‰
Total	7,020,858	64,894	9.2‰

Birth rate by municipalities 1961–2017

Birth rates between 1961 and 2017 by municipalities (‰)[18]
Municipality	1961	1971	1981	1991	2001	2011	2017
Novi Pazar	32.5	24.2	22.5	21.5	16.9	15.1	14.6
Tutin	36.3	32.3	27.0	21.5	18.8	17.4	14.5
Sjenica	34.2	26.8	18.3	20.0	12.7	11.9	12.9
Preševo	36.2	33.8	25.6	32.5	22.2	11.2	12.7
Savski venac	12.7	12.5	13.6	9.8	8.8	10.3	11.9
City of Novi Sad	18.4	15.1	15.5	11.9	10.8	12.2	11.7
Trgovište	28.0	19.0	11.4	14.6	8.7	6.1	11.5
Bujanovac	30.6	28.0	20.2	24.8	15.6	11.4	11.3
Zvezdara	15.9	17.6	15.4	10.3	10.8	11.4	11.2
Bojnik	18.0	15.4	11.1	12.7	11.7	9.9	11.1
Voždovac	17.4	17.2	13.6	10.3	8.8	10.5	10.9
Zemun	18.7	18.0	16.8	11.2	11.8	11.2	10.8
City of Belgrade	15.8	15.3	14.7	10.6	9.8	10.7	10.7
Čukarica	28.8	25.2	17.2	10.8	10.2	10.9	10.4
Žabalj	18.7	13.7	13.4	13.8	12.6	9.5	10.4
Vračar	10.6	10.8	12.2	8.5	8.7	10.8	10.3
City of Niš	17.1	15.3	13.7	11.8	10.1	9.5	9.7
City of Vranje	23.7	18.2	15.0	13.8	12.4	10.3	9.6
Bački Petrovac	16.9	10.5	12.1	10.9	9.2	9.6	9.6
Žitište	14.2	9.6	9.6	10.8	8.5	8.0	9.6
Grocka	16.1	14.6	16.9	11.7	10.3	10.5	9.5
Prijepolje	29.9	22.3	15.6	15.6	10.3	9.9	9.4
Loznica	23.6	17.2	15.1	12.0	10.3	8.0	9.4
Titel	17.8	13.1	12.1	12.5	9.6	10.0	9.3
Alibunar	15.7	12.0	10.7	10.6	8.1	6.8	9.3
City of Požarevac	14.5	13.4	12.4	12.5	12.1	9.7	9.3
Vrbas	20.4	16.5	16.8	12.6	10.5	10.0	9.2
Čačak	16.5	13.3	14.2	10.3	9.7	8.5	9.2
Arilje	16.5	12.6	11.4	11.9	10.8	9.5	9.2
Bor	15.1	16.1	12.9	12.1	10.3	8.6	9.2
Bela Palanka	13.5	10.1	9.8	9.6	7.2	7.3	9.2
Inđija	12.3	13.3	14.3	12.1	8.8	7.7	9.2
Šabac	17.4	14.2	15.5	12.4	10.4	8.7	9.0
Bačka Palanka	16.0	15.2	14.4	10.1	9.6	8.5	9.0
Ada	15.5	13.4	11.6	10.2	9.8	7.3	9.0
Čajetina	19.0	14.9	9.9	11.0	8.6	6.3	8.9
Bač	19.6	13.6	13.4	11.4	9.3	6.9	8.7
Valjevo	17.7	13.2	11.5	11.0	9.3	8.1	8.7
Krupanj	22.6	16.9	14.5	13.6	9.0	7.0	8.6
Zrenjanin	16.1	13.6	13.4	10.6	9.4	8.8	8.5
Beočin	21.5	15.2	14.0	15.2	11.5	9.0	8.4
City of Užice	20.0	17.0	13.9	12.0	9.3	8.5	8.4
Bečej	16.8	13.1	13.4	11.0	11.3	8.6	8.4
Žitorađa	15.7	16.0	9.6	11.2	10.5	8.4	8.4
Bajina Bašta	13.6	11.7	12.3	8.8	9.5	9.1	8.4
Vršac	17.7	12.0	13.6	12.6	10.3	8.9	8.3
Šid	10.9	12.5	13.2	12.3	8.4	8.4	8.3
Leskovac	21.0	15.7	13.0	12.2	10.9	8.3	8.2
Ub	17.8	11.7	11.2	11.0	9.4	6.9	8.2
Brus	19.6	15.4	12.7	9.9	7.9	7.1	8.1
Temerin	19.3	11.7	14.8	12.1	9.6	9.1	8.1
Ivanjica	18.3	14.6	12.2	11.9	9.9	7.2	8.1
Sombor	15.5	12.5	12.6	11.6	8.5	7.1	8.1
Irig	15.0	12.1	12.6	9.8	8.9	7.1	8.1
Bačka Topola	15.0	11.3	12.4	11.0	9.9	7.3	8.1
Blace	14.9	11.4	7.1	7.9	8.4	5.1	8.1
Gornji Milanovac	14.0	12.8	13.0	10.2	8.2	7.7	8.1
Ljubovija	26.0	16.6	13.7	12.5	10.2	8.3	8.0
Doljevac	18.9	14.2	11.9	12.4	9.6	6.9	8.0
Apatin	18.2	14.2	13.7	10.1	9.0	7.3	7.9
Požega	15.4	13.7	11.0	10.1	8.5	6.3	7.9
Vladičin Han	19.8	12.8	13.3	12.3	8.9	7.0	7.8
Bajina Bašta	20.5	15.8	12.2	10.5	9.4	7.0	7.7
Raška	17.3	15.8	13.6	10.1	10.5	7.4	7.6
Kraljevo	16.1	15.4	12.3	11.6	10.9	8.4	7.6
Kanjiža	15.8	12.4	12.7	9.7	8.3	8.5	7.6
Bogatić	15.7	12.9	12.3	10.7	9.1	7.4	7.6
Aleksinac	13.3	11.6	10.6	9.6	9.1	7.1	7.6
Aleksandrovac	18.5	14.2	11.9	10.1	9.3	6.8	7.5
Koceljeva	17.7	11.4	14.1	12.4	10.6	7.1	7.5
Mali Zvornik	23.7	16.6	16.6	12.9	9.2	7.7	7.4
Jagodina	16.0	14.3	11.4	11.3	11.1	9.5	7.4
Priboj	32.7	20.1	16.0	14.8	8.8	6.4	7.3
Bela Crkva	17.1	15.4	13.8	9.3	9.2	9.2	7.3
Batočina	14.5	9.2	12.4	11.6	10.6	7.1	7.3
Aranđelovac	16.0	14.5	12.5	12.0	9.2	8.8	7.2
Velika Plana	14.8	13.5	11.1	10.9	9.2	7.2	7.2
Vlasotince	21.2	15.4	11.8	12.9	9.9	7.1	7.1
Vrnjačka Banja	13.7	11.8	14.2	11.0	9.6	7.4	7.1
Nova Varoš	25.3	16.1	14.3	12.9	8.0	5.4	7.0
Čoka	16.6	11.4	10.7	11.6	9.3	6.0	7.0
Trstenik	14.2	11.4	12.5	10.3	8.2	6.4	6.9
Ćuprija	14.8	12.3	12.4	11.3	9.7	6.2	6.9
Ćićevac	13.0	10.7	13.0	9.4	9.8	5.2	6.9
Bosilegrad	18.9	14.7	11.5	9.7	8.2	5.3	6.7
Žabari	11.0	10.7	7.7	8.8	7.7	6.0	6.7
Žagubica	13.2	11.7	7.8	10.0	8.3	6.3	6.5
Vladimirci	17.6	11.2	11.2	11.8	7.9	7.0	6.3
Varvarin	13.4	12.1	1.6	9.3	9.1	7.0	6.3
Veliko Gradište	11.7	12.9	8.6	10.5	8.7	6.9	6.3
Topola	13.0	9.9	10.5	9.4	8.1	6.4	6.2
Babušnica	18.5	11.3	8.5	6.2	5.3	5.9	6.1
Golubac	13.5	12.3	8.6	9.8	9.3	5.9	6.1
Dimitrovgrad	13.0	9.3	9.0	7.2	7.1	4.7	6.0
Boljevac	13.4	9.0	8.3	9.9	8.1	5.0	5.8
Zaječar	11.8	11.5	11.2	10.0	8.2	7.2	5.8
Despotovac	15.9	12.3	10.6	9.4	8.9	7.2	5.6
Crna Trava	24.2	12.4	9.0	6.1	4.4	4.8	5.5
Gadžin Han	16.7	9.5	6.7	5.6	4.7	3.7	5.4
Total	17.2	14.4	13.4	11.5	10.5	9.0	9.2

Marriages and divorces

Data for Serbia excluding Kosovo.

	Average population	Marriages	Divorces	Crude marriage rate (per 1000)	Crude divorce rate (per 1000)	Divorces per 1000 marriages
1950	5,969,977	76,749	9,623	12.9	1.6	125.4
1951	6,045,982	66,849	8,250	11.1	1.4	123.4
1952	6,106,976	67,255	5,611	11.0	0.9	83.4
1953	6,186,015	63,667	7,570	10.3	1.2	118.9
1954	6,271,014	61,707	8,053	9.8	1.3	130.5
1955	6,369,436	57,970	9,784	9.1	1.5	168.8
1956	6,422,999	55,603	9,291	8.7	1.4	167.1
1957	6,481,984	56,214	9,827	8.7	1.5	174.8
1958	6,535,020	63,195	10,229	9.7	1.6	161.9
1959	6,587,014	59,361	10,328	9.0	1.6	174.0
1960	6,638,992	62,341	10,585	9.4	1.6	169.8
1961	6,689,077	62,775	10,130	9.4	1.5	161.4
1962	6,740,264	58,211	9,948	8.6	1.5	170.9
1963	6,787,950	57,316	10,285	8.4	1.5	179.4
1964	6,832,855	59,481	9,977	8.7	1.5	167.7
1965	6,876,624	62,011	9,939	9.0	1.4	160.3
1966	6,927,969	60,878	10,731	8.8	1.5	176.3
1967	6,966,522	64,168	9,791	9.2	1.4	152.6
1968	7,007,586	64,287	10,179	9.2	1.5	158.3
1969	7,123,249	64,796	8,788	9.1	1.2	135.6
1970	7,164,993	66,719	9,129	9.3	1.3	136.8
1971	7,211,716	66,839	9,873	9.3	1.4	147.7
1972	7,267,030	68,417	10,335	9.4	1.4	151.1
1973	7,322,344	66,845	10,290	9.1	1.4	153.9
1974	7,377,659	65,790	11,086	8.9	1.5	168.5
1975	7,432,973	62,843	10,693	8.5	1.4	170.2
1976	7,488,287	61,555	10,917	8.2	1.5	177.4
1977	7,543,601	62,733	10,350	8.3	1.4	165.0
1978	7,598,916	61,943	10,813	8.2	1.4	174.6
1979	7,654,230	60,828	10,265	7.9	1.3	168.8
1980	7,709,544	57,500	10,840	7.5	1.4	188.5
1981	7,736,787	57,563	9,517	7.4	1.2	165.3
1982	7,763,335	57,327	10,236	7.4	1.3	178.6
1983	7,788,100	56,556	9,699	7.3	1.2	171.5
1984	7,813,549	55,482	10,349	7.1	1.3	186.5
1985	7,835,902	53,252	11,567	6.8	1.5	217.2
1986	7,853,824	52,383	10,348	6.7	1.3	197.5
1987	7,868,027	52,500	11,689	6.7	1.5	222.6
1988	7,884,218	51,709	11,686	6.6	1.5	226.0
1989	7,893,787	51,073	11,449	6.5	1.5	224.2
1990	7,897,937	48,261	9,889	6.1	1.3	204.9
1991	7,824,589	45,145	8,018	5.8	1.0	177.6
1992	7,787,897	46,155	6,501	5.9	0.8	140.9
1993	7,751,205	44,800	6,792	5.8	0.9	151.6
1994	7,714,513	44,091	6,358	5.7	0.8	144.2
1995	7,677,821	43,555	7,217	5.7	0.9	165.7
1996	7,641,129	40,705	6,860	5.3	0.9	168.5
1997	7,604,437	40,344	6,982	5.3	0.9	173.1
1998	7,567,745	39,328	6,909	5.2	0.9	175.7
1999	7,540,401	37,256	6,264	4.9	0.8	168.1
2000	7,516,346	42,586	7,689	5.7	1.0	180.6
2001	7,503,433	41,406	7,835	5.5	1.0	189.2
2002	7,500,031	41,947	9,982	5.6	1.3	238.0
2003	7,480,591	41,914	7,938	5.6	1.1	189.4
2004	7,463,157	42,030	8,845	5.6	1.2	210.4
2005	7,440,769	38,846	7,661	5.2	1.0	197.2
2006	7,411,569	39,756	8,204	5.4	1.1	206.4
2007	7,381,579	41,083	8,622	5.6	1.2	209.9
2008	7,350,222	38,285	8,502	5.2	1.2	222.1
2009	7,320,807	36,853	8,472	5.0	1.2	229.9
2010	7,291,436	35,815	6,644	4.9	0.9	185.5
2011	7,236,519	35,808	8,251	4.9	1.1	230.4
2012	7,201,497	34,639	7,372	4.8	1.0	212.8
2013	7,166,552	36,209	8,170	5.1	1.1	225.6
2014	7,131,787	36,429	7,614	5.1	1.1	209.0
2015	7,095,383	36,949	9,381	5.2	1.3	253.9
2016	7,058,322	35,921	9,046	5.1	1.3	251.8
2017	7,020,858	36,047	9,262	5.1	1.3	256.9
2018	6,982,604	36,321	9,995	5.2	1.4	275.2
2019	6,945,235
	Average population	Marriages	Divorces	Crude marriage rate (per 1000)	Crude divorce rate (per 1000)	Divorces per 1000 marriages
Total 1950-2018		3,593,175	631,325
Average 1950-2018	7,236,775	52,075	9,150	7.2	1.3	175.7

Vital statistics, marriages and divorces by decade

Vital statistics by decade	1950-1959	1960-1969	1970-1979	1980-1989	1990-1999	2000-2009	2010-2018
Average population	6,297,642	6,859,109	7,406,175	7,814,707	7,700,767	7,436,850	7,131,662
Live births	139,835	107,976	109,127	102,300	83,800	73,817	65,826
Deaths	66,612	60,890	68,889	81,710	94,739	103,327	102,220
Natural change	73,223	47,087	40,238	20,590	-10,939	-29,510	-36,394
Crude birth rate (per 1000)	22.2	15.7	14.7	13.1	10.9	9.9	9.2
Crude death rate (per 1000)	10.6	8.9	9.3	10.5	12.3	13.9	14.3
Natural change (per 1000)	11.6	6.9	5.4	2.6	-1.4	-4.0	-5.1
Total fertility rate	2.46	2.01	1.87	1.83	1.68	1.49	1.45
Female fertile population (15–49 years)	1,714,002	1,817,281	2,007,627	1,930,480	1,850,974	1,762,242	1,587,264
Marriages and divorces by decade	1950-1959	1960-1969	1970-1979	1980-1989	1990-1999	2000-2009	2010-2018
Average population	6,297,642	6,859,109	7,406,175	7,814,707	7,700,767	7,436,850	7,131,662
Marriages	62,857	61,626	64,451	54,535	42,964	40,471	36,015
Divorces	8,857	10,035	10,375	10,738	7,179	8,375	8,415
Crude marriage rate (per 1000)	10.0	9.0	8.7	7.0	5.6	5.4	5.1
Crude divorce rate (per 1000)	1.4	1.5	1.4	1.4	0.9	1.1	1.2
Divorces per 1000 marriages	140.9	162.8	161.0	196.9	167.1	206.9	233.7

Births and fertility rates

Live births by age of mother	Average 1950-2019	1950	1951	1952	1953	1954	1955	1956	1957	1958	1959	1960	1961	1962	1963	1964	1965	1966	1967	1968	1969	1970	1971	1972	1973	1974	1975	1976	1977	1978	1979	1980	1981	1982	1983	1984	1985	1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	Live births by age of mother
Live births total	97,505	163,297	145,197	161,306	151,672	152,569	140,396	132,078	118,535	118,425	114,872	119,298	115,222	110,008	108,324	103,847	106,699	103,775	103,491	103,621	105,478	102,453	104,070	106,859	108,361	110,458	112,945	114,035	111,510	110,622	109,953	109,597	103,407	106,575	108,003	107,036	101,938	99,419	98,279	97,471	91,270	90,467	90,378	86,877	87,931	85,292	86,236	82,548	79,716	76,330	72,222	73,764	78,435	78,101	79,025	78,186	72,180	70,997	68,102	69,083	70,299	68,304	65,598	67,257	65,554	66,461	65,657	64,734	64,894	63,975	64,399	Live births total
Under 15	75	25	22	24	33	34	31	18	34	13	44	45	48	43	63	70	68	91	104	104	56	127	141	143	120	89	161	151	120	142	115	126	152	170	123	107	111	104	99	90	67	104	46	78	81	86	61	70	85	51	47	60	63	61	46	49	60	55	66	59	83	59	48	61	43	53	37	49	44	48	44	Under 15
15-19	11,527	15,676	13,859	15,518	14,872	15,066	13,898	12,938	13,064	13,087	14,227	14,880	14,611	13,701	13,934	13,769	16,296	19,419	20,760	20,737	22,680	21,080	21,086	21,521	19,884	18,792	18,064	16,939	15,917	15,666	15,144	14,680	13,043	13,555	13,250	13,328	13,299	12,956	12,479	12,964	12,017	11,457	11,102	10,194	10,311	9,768	9,121	8,386	7,886	7,186	6,572	6,536	6,602	6,153	6,013	5,706	5,228	5,045	4,823	4,656	4,484	4,109	3,748	3,701	3,389	3,243	2,865	2,625	2,580	2,383	2,339	15-19
20-24	35,110	65,547	58,049	64,843	60,619	61,338	56,560	52,802	47,060	46,591	44,537	46,483	44,016	41,853	40,493	38,955	39,273	35,964	36,733	36,750	40,987	42,495	45,589	47,456	48,812	49,485	50,917	50,445	48,447	46,076	44,625	43,263	40,395	41,553	41,902	40,858	38,765	37,309	36,413	36,361	34,202	33,981	33,195	31,988	31,956	30,333	30,401	28,971	27,683	26,427	24,452	24,826	24,770	23,730	23,578	22,646	20,588	19,478	18,134	17,418	16,261	14,765	13,631	13,513	12,614	12,549	11,717	11,385	11,124	10,526	10,251	20-24
25-29	28,629	49,680	44,043	49,128	46,771	47,193	43,474	40,866	35,621	35,841	34,301	35,657	34,115	32,861	32,137	30,140	30,372	28,283	26,462	26,507	23,223	20,975	20,284	20,931	22,999	25,660	28,160	31,099	31,659	33,035	33,731	34,096	32,315	32,970	32,787	32,126	29,792	29,243	29,160	28,850	26,708	26,538	26,883	25,772	25,573	25,157	25,933	25,030	24,425	23,722	22,936	23,733	26,237	26,299	26,564	26,178	23,989	23,525	22,219	22,650	22,875	22,821	21,295	21,526	20,905	20,620	20,129	19,850	19,605	18,977	18,799	25-29
30-34	14,709	15,425	13,848	15,182	20,061	20,091	18,460	17,918	15,885	15,869	14,949	15,425	15,394	14,748	14,766	14,234	14,250	13,695	13,090	13,125	12,274	11,778	11,023	10,550	10,137	9,833	9,365	9,263	9,698	10,639	11,472	12,765	13,080	13,704	14,927	15,457	14,755	14,403	14,501	13,665	12,506	12,615	13,219	12,975	13,643	13,566	14,248	13,569	13,149	12,781	12,305	12,625	14,291	15,005	15,584	16,103	15,452	15,845	15,799	16,496	17,804	17,728	17,826	18,739	18,632	19,317	19,695	19,432	19,506	19,598	19,884	30-34
35-39	5,588	10,756	9,703	10,568	5,891	5,682	5,150	5,319	5,201	5,461	5,459	5,541	5,447	5,199	5,287	5,046	4,928	4,841	4,822	4,838	4,697	4,317	4,281	4,223	4,306	4,250	4,065	4,022	3,719	3,374	3,219	3,061	2,894	3,150	3,604	4,071	4,188	4,397	4,611	4,535	4,638	4,583	4,668	4,641	4,779	4,913	5,006	4,985	5,090	4,846	4,707	4,674	5,105	5,263	5,561	5,733	5,447	5,631	5,657	6,242	6,988	7,236	7,330	7,920	8,200	8,681	9,037	9,302	9,704	9,964	10,478	35-39
40-44	1,310	4,581	4,177	4,483	2,627	2,473	2,221	1,728	1,233	1,124	1,079	1,023	1,264	1,314	1,332	1,296	1,177	1,111	1,124	1,128	1,067	999	1,010	1,030	1,026	1,019	1,024	1,031	1,025	894	859	852	748	756	696	665	643	640	714	727	782	836	908	929	1,036	1,048	990	1,127	977	983	873	954	989	1,063	1,126	1,158	1,020	985	918	1,024	1,112	1,210	1,293	1,411	1,449	1,597	1,731	1,740	2,048	2,179	2,252	40-44
45-49	155	876	825	847	615	524	452	364	301	312	204	174	193	157	165	164	145	139	160	159	110	93	92	92	77	81	80	88	99	79	82	96	95	63	78	74	71	67	74	48	52	49	43	40	64	66	60	54	62	71	76	72	54	62	65	50	44	65	65	73	64	88	88	114	118	137	95	91	151	151	163	45-49
50 and over	32	243	235	232	112	97	84	48	45	35	19	14	49	54	43	42	37	53	38	38	27	33	26	22	16	14	23	12	12	22	16	10	15	8	6	13	8	10	9	11	10	9	13	17	31	13	11	6	10	10	12	13	9	7	11	12	9	16	9	10	8	8	13	17	15	21	5	8	15	25	13	50 and over
Unknown	372	488	436	481	71	71	66	77	91	92	53	56	85	78	104	131	153	179	198	235	357	556	538	891	984	1,235	1,086	985	814	695	690	648	670	646	630	337	306	290	219	220	288	295	301	243	457	342	405	350	349	253	242	271	315	458	477	551	343	352	412	455	620	280	326	255	189	243	346	252	117	124	176	Unknown
Female fertile population (15–49 years) by age group	Average 1950-2019	1950	1951	1952	1953	1954	1955	1956	1957	1958	1959	1960	1961	1962	1963	1964	1965	1966	1967	1968	1969	1970	1971	1972	1973	1974	1975	1976	1977	1978	1979	1980	1981	1982	1983	1984	1985	1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	Female fertile population (15–49 years) by age group
Total female 15–49 years	1,808,883	1,667,489	1,679,515	1,691,530	1,703,548	1,714,614	1,725,685	1,736,751	1,739,485	1,742,115	1,739,287	1,733,296	1,727,303	1,735,235	1,750,899	1,769,796	1,807,362	1,843,693	1,887,344	1,945,878	1,972,004	2,012,702	2,020,324	2,019,717	2,036,056	2,020,513	2,010,021	2,002,713	1,994,191	1,974,022	1,986,006	1,997,988	1,977,061	1,947,609	1,914,434	1,921,422	1,920,627	1,911,361	1,919,612	1,899,146	1,895,541	1,899,883	1,813,520	1,821,688	1,833,456	1,846,610	1,860,970	1,868,882	1,864,628	1,855,228	1,844,875	1,831,994	1,821,493	1,810,526	1,789,668	1,770,053	1,750,845	1,733,316	1,718,428	1,704,735	1,691,363	1,677,562	1,632,708	1,615,898	1,599,129	1,582,643	1,566,064	1,550,651	1,537,044	1,523,675	1,510,363	Total female 15–49 years
10-14	254,659	286,018	272,832	263,321	253,810	248,651	243,492	238,333	259,259	130,000	262,500	284,501	306,501	480,000	343,333	350,000	340,000	278,333	330,000	286,677	245,000	301,667	270,134	272,000	280,000	276,667	240,000	267,333	280,000	266,000	249,750	233,500	247,952	230,000	286,667	269,091	276,667	960,000	150,000	283,333	269,222	263,428	247,904	246,328	245,564	245,740	244,758	241,922	238,560	234,552	228,803	222,954	218,969	215,677	211,248	207,565	204,964	201,529	197,138	192,518	187,193	181,840	171,697	170,484	170,695	172,024	173,405	172,970	170,506	167,578	165,053	10-14
15-19	251,635	322,143	315,156	308,163	301,169	290,326	279,483	268,641	260,126	250,035	240,206	231,449	222,692	223,599	237,840	256,505	285,061	304,850	316,625	309,634	327,168	330,123	329,876	321,732	305,654	290,749	278,969	270,780	265,831	262,186	260,023	257,860	256,821	250,964	248,465	248,198	247,661	247,852	249,622	252,208	254,455	258,548	243,797	247,977	250,885	252,289	252,477	251,204	249,269	248,396	248,825	248,140	245,807	243,588	239,596	233,847	227,633	222,688	217,825	212,667	208,819	206,230	198,633	193,813	188,306	182,061	175,752	171,643	170,365	170,575	171,903	15-19
20-24	262,174	321,829	321,495	321,160	320,826	318,313	315,800	313,286	306,135	295,138	283,579	277,224	270,868	257,128	247,990	238,765	230,851	223,430	227,936	230,027	260,421	287,177	304,801	317,996	327,965	333,533	333,334	330,390	320,918	305,179	294,164	283,148	283,316	275,220	272,016	268,306	262,557	255,500	251,111	248,448	247,287	247,977	234,244	234,665	236,468	239,771	244,273	248,830	251,940	253,675	254,292	254,017	253,183	252,034	250,942	251,319	250,871	248,448	245,415	241,218	234,965	228,435	217,830	213,807	209,178	205,340	202,378	198,542	193,587	188,104	181,880	20-24
25-29	268,398	277,906	286,770	295,633	304,497	308,962	313,428	317,893	317,818	317,767	316,851	313,135	309,419	302,131	292,180	281,269	274,954	267,333	258,805	267,313	240,769	232,681	220,104	226,442	239,681	258,296	282,740	303,622	316,918	327,271	332,994	338,717	330,113	321,722	308,516	297,112	287,251	280,669	276,290	272,610	267,496	262,173	246,353	243,004	241,067	240,581	240,019	238,939	238,560	239,290	241,330	244,663	249,236	252,889	254,373	255,142	255,136	253,941	252,413	251,575	251,697	250,749	238,303	235,397	231,884	226,717	221,367	217,526	213,514	208,882	205,057	25-29
30-34	265,303	134,063	163,358	192,652	221,946	242,577	263,209	283,840	294,990	302,155	306,746	311,278	315,810	313,597	313,727	313,909	311,678	306,911	300,573	298,694	281,392	276,431	274,208	263,637	252,997	241,813	229,224	221,821	225,544	239,104	262,974	286,844	307,532	316,391	326,362	333,811	333,597	330,656	323,276	309,221	295,965	287,163	271,599	267,670	264,838	260,732	255,413	249,849	245,565	242,490	240,935	239,755	239,025	239,673	240,479	242,733	246,175	250,043	253,124	254,889	255,369	255,004	245,974	243,648	242,307	241,765	240,366	237,669	234,840	231,377	226,230	30-34
35-39	260,084	213,898	190,297	166,695	143,094	150,148	157,203	164,257	193,826	227,176	252,891	263,388	273,886	290,652	298,136	303,035	309,341	311,691	311,961	322,265	312,229	313,051	309,425	304,644	295,696	287,141	278,450	271,234	262,040	251,465	241,913	232,361	220,939	225,611	239,750	260,536	284,606	305,643	318,210	327,307	331,826	333,029	315,513	310,509	299,894	289,308	280,382	274,134	269,007	264,966	259,920	254,209	249,072	245,868	243,012	241,694	240,631	239,452	239,408	240,389	242,506	245,781	246,117	248,115	248,784	248,524	247,355	245,091	242,817	241,481	240,970	35-39
40-44	254,686	209,677	212,524	215,371	218,218	207,018	195,819	184,619	160,394	138,987	130,407	141,419	152,430	190,557	224,774	249,400	265,282	275,563	287,875	297,681	301,928	308,713	311,956	311,891	314,960	314,568	310,308	308,128	302,559	292,321	286,523	280,725	273,956	258,034	248,674	240,681	231,151	220,740	226,613	239,949	258,207	283,650	290,449	301,607	310,550	316,247	317,488	316,475	310,488	298,749	287,305	278,152	272,523	268,552	264,657	259,782	254,052	248,595	244,762	242,136	240,839	239,741	237,758	237,523	238,137	239,404	241,748	244,754	246,729	247,395	247,165	40-44
45-49	246,603	187,973	189,915	191,856	193,798	197,270	200,743	204,215	206,196	210,857	208,607	195,403	182,198	157,571	136,252	126,913	130,195	153,915	183,569	220,264	248,097	264,526	269,954	273,375	299,103	294,413	296,996	296,738	300,381	296,496	307,415	318,333	304,384	299,667	270,651	272,778	273,804	270,301	274,490	249,403	240,305	227,343	211,565	216,256	229,754	247,682	270,918	289,451	299,799	307,662	312,268	313,058	312,647	307,922	296,609	285,536	276,347	270,149	265,481	261,861	257,168	251,622	248,093	243,595	240,533	238,832	237,098	235,426	235,192	235,861	237,158	45-49
50-54	239,600	157,043	162,099	167,154	172,209	171,171	170,133	169,095	173,308	186,066	197,258	197,594	197,929	235,772	210,996	209,712	191,481	166,766	142,978	152,623	122,902	133,847	148,558	173,305	238,587	280,513	225,263	325,345	198,667	337,273	278,136	219,000	303,494	222,000	380,833	223,333	449,231	288,235	417,273	277,894	265,882	271,916	262,804	252,564	240,886	229,567	216,684	208,601	212,912	225,738	242,948	265,432	283,757	294,709	302,490	307,254	308,001	307,102	301,678	290,771	280,161	271,378	269,285	264,459	260,489	255,410	249,572	243,815	239,376	236,410	234,846	50-54
General,specific and total fertility rates	Average 1950-2019	1950	1951	1952	1953	1954	1955	1956	1957	1958	1959	1960	1961	1962	1963	1964	1965	1966	1967	1968	1969	1970	1971	1972	1973	1974	1975	1976	1977	1978	1979	1980	1981	1982	1983	1984	1985	1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	General,specific and total fertility rates
General fertility rate	53.84	97.77	86.30	95.21	88.95	88.91	81.29	76.01	68.10	67.95	66.01	68.79	66.65	63.34	61.81	58.61	58.98	56.21	54.76	53.18	53.45	50.82	51.43	52.83	53.15	54.62	56.10	56.86	55.85	55.96	55.30	54.79	52.22	54.63	56.35	55.64	53.01	51.96	51.14	51.27	48.11	47.56	49.80	47.64	47.90	46.13	46.30	44.13	42.70	41.11	39.12	40.22	43.02	43.10	44.12	44.14	41.19	40.92	39.59	40.48	41.51	40.68	40.14	41.57	40.96	41.95	41.90	41.71	42.18	41.94	42.60	General fertility rate
Under 15	0.29	0.09	0.08	0.09	0.13	0.14	0.13	0.08	0.13	0.10	0.17	0.16	0.16	0.09	0.18	0.20	0.20	0.33	0.32	0.36	0.23	0.42	0.52	0.53	0.43	0.32	0.67	0.56	0.43	0.53	0.46	0.54	0.62	0.74	0.43	0.40	0.40	0.11	0.66	0.32	0.25	0.40	0.19	0.32	0.33	0.35	0.25	0.29	0.36	0.22	0.21	0.27	0.29	0.28	0.22	0.24	0.29	0.27	0.34	0.31	0.45	0.33	0.28	0.36	0.25	0.31	0.21	0.28	0.26	0.29	0.27	Under 15
15-19	45.98	48.66	44.11	50.51	49.40	51.92	49.75	48.16	50.22	52.34	59.23	64.32	65.66	61.27	58.59	53.68	57.17	63.70	65.57	66.97	69.32	63.85	64.25	66.89	65.05	64.63	64.75	62.56	59.88	59.75	58.61	56.93	51.12	54.01	53.33	53.70	53.70	52.27	49.99	51.40	47.23	44.46	45.69	41.22	41.31	38.87	36.30	33.53	31.78	29.03	26.50	26.44	26.97	25.41	25.25	24.57	23.08	22.77	22.28	22.04	21.66	20.01	18.96	19.17	18.05	17.88	16.39	15.35	15.17	14.00	13.64	15-19
20-24	134.43	203.67	181.10	202.51	189.04	192.79	179.19	168.54	153.72	157.86	157.05	167.75	162.62	162.77	163.28	163.15	170.12	160.96	161.16	159.76	157.39	147.98	150.35	149.23	148.83	148.37	152.75	152.68	150.96	150.98	152.66	152.79	143.51	150.98	154.04	152.28	147.64	146.02	145.01	146.35	138.31	137.48	142.18	136.70	135.84	127.02	125.04	116.92	110.36	104.52	96.48	98.09	98.23	94.71	94.53	90.75	82.46	78.79	74.34	72.69	69.82	64.90	62.89	63.44	60.48	61.34	58.20	57.57	57.57	56.07	56.52	20-24
25-29	107.07	178.77	154.05	166.68	153.67	152.82	138.77	128.55	112.08	112.79	108.26	113.92	110.34	108.76	109.99	107.16	110.46	105.80	102.25	99.16	96.45	90.14	92.64	92.43	95.96	99.34	99.60	102.43	99.90	100.94	101.94	100.66	98.53	102.48	106.27	108.13	103.71	104.19	105.54	105.83	99.84	101.55	109.49	106.35	106.64	104.99	108.56	105.20	102.84	99.46	95.36	97.36	105.69	104.61	105.06	103.33	94.47	93.10	88.56	90.63	91.69	91.39	89.81	91.79	90.41	91.28	91.41	91.61	91.99	91.03	91.93	25-29
30-34	55.66	115.06	85.03	79.04	90.43	82.86	70.17	63.13	53.85	52.52	48.73	49.58	48.78	47.03	47.07	45.34	45.72	44.62	43.55	43.94	43.62	42.61	40.41	40.02	40.07	40.66	40.86	41.76	43.00	44.50	43.90	44.50	42.81	43.31	45.74	46.30	44.23	43.56	44.86	44.19	42.26	44.07	48.83	48.61	51.78	52.24	56.05	54.54	53.78	52.88	51.24	52.85	60.03	62.98	65.20	66.81	63.07	63.68	62.80	65.15	70.34	69.81	72.83	77.20	77.12	80.19	82.37	82.08	83.21	84.87	88.13	30-34
35-39	21.57	50.29	51.14	63.59	41.19	37.86	32.78	32.38	26.83	24.04	21.59	21.05	19.90	17.89	17.73	16.65	15.93	15.53	15.46	15.01	15.04	13.79	13.91	13.86	14.56	14.80	14.60	14.83	14.19	13.42	13.39	13.17	13.18	13.96	15.03	15.63	14.72	14.39	14.49	13.86	13.98	13.81	14.84	14.99	16.02	17.05	17.94	18.26	19.00	18.35	18.17	18.45	20.58	21.53	23.02	23.89	22.74	23.63	23.77	26.14	29.07	29.56	29.93	32.04	33.06	35.06	36.73	38.10	40.04	41.34	43.60	35-39
40-44	5.16	21.85	19.71	20.88	12.04	11.95	11.35	9.36	7.69	8.09	8.27	7.24	8.30	6.90	5.93	5.20	4.44	4.03	3.90	3.79	3.53	3.24	3.25	3.30	3.26	3.24	3.30	3.35	3.39	3.06	3.02	3.03	2.75	2.93	2.80	2.76	2.78	2.90	3.15	3.03	3.03	2.96	3.14	3.09	3.35	3.33	3.13	3.58	3.16	3.30	3.05	3.44	3.64	3.98	4.28	4.49	4.03	3.98	3.77	4.26	4.66	5.07	5.47	5.96	6.10	6.70	7.20	7.14	8.32	8.82	9.14	40-44
45-49	0.63	4.66	4.36	4.43	3.17	2.66	2.25	1.78	1.46	1.48	0.98	0.89	1.06	1.00	1.21	1.29	1.11	0.90	0.87	0.72	0.44	0.35	0.34	0.34	0.26	0.28	0.27	0.30	0.33	0.27	0.27	0.30	0.31	0.21	0.29	0.27	0.26	0.25	0.27	0.19	0.22	0.22	0.20	0.19	0.28	0.27	0.22	0.19	0.21	0.23	0.24	0.23	0.17	0.20	0.22	0.18	0.16	0.24	0.25	0.28	0.25	0.35	0.36	0.47	0.49	0.58	0.40	0.39	0.64	0.64	0.69	45-49
50 and over	0.13	1.55	1.45	1.39	0.65	0.57	0.49	0.28	0.26	0.19	0.10	0.07	0.25	0.23	0.20	0.20	0.19	0.32	0.27	0.25	0.22	0.25	0.18	0.13	0.07	0.05	0.10	0.04	0.06	0.07	0.06	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.02	0.06	0.02	0.03	0.02	0.04	0.04	0.03	0.05	0.07	0.13	0.06	0.05	0.03	0.05	0.04	0.05	0.05	0.03	0.02	0.04	0.04	0.03	0.05	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.05	0.06	0.06	0.08	0.02	0.03	0.06	0.11	0.06	50 and over
Total fertility rate (15–49)	1.85	3.11	2.70	2.94	2.69	2.66	2.42	2.26	2.03	2.05	2.02	2.12	2.08	2.03	2.02	1.96	2.02	1.98	1.96	1.95	1.93	1.81	1.83	1.83	1.84	1.86	1.88	1.89	1.86	1.86	1.87	1.86	1.76	1.84	1.89	1.90	1.84	1.82	1.82	1.82	1.72	1.72	1.82	1.76	1.78	1.72	1.74	1.66	1.61	1.54	1.46	1.48	1.58	1.57	1.59	1.57	1.45	1.43	1.38	1.41	1.44	1.41	1.40	1.45	1.43	1.47	1.46	1.46	1.48	1.48	1.52	Total fertility rate (15–49)

Ethnic groups

Ethnic map (2011 census)

Situated in the middle of the Balkans, Serbia is home to many different ethnic groups. According to the 2011 census, Serbs are the largest ethnic group in the country and constitute 83.3% of population. Hungarians are the largest ethnic minority in Serbia, concentrated predominately in northern Vojvodina and representing 3.5% of the country's population (13% in Vojvodina). Roma people constitute 2% of the total population but unofficial estimates put their actual number to be twice or three as high.[19] Bosniaks are third largest ethnic minority mainly inhabiting Raška region in southwestern part of the country. Other minority groups include Croats (0.9%), Slovaks (0.8%), Albanians, Montenegrins (0.5%), Romanians (0.4%), Macedonians (0.3%), and Bulgarians (0.3%). The Chinese[20][21] and Arabs, are the only two significant immigrant minorities.

Serbia (excluding Kosovo) in 2011 Serbs   83.3% Hungarians   3.5% Roma   2.1% Bosniaks   2% Croats   0.8% Slovaks   0.7% other   5.3% unspecified   2.2%

By statistical regions

Belgrade region Serbs   90.7% Roma   1.6% other/unspecified   7.6%

Vojvodina Serbs   66.7% Hungarians   13% Slovaks   2.6% Croats   2.4% Roma   2.2% Romanians   1.3% Montenegrins   1.1% other/unspecified   9.7%

Šumadija and Western Serbia Serbs   88.5% Bosniaks   7% Roma   1% other/unspecified   3.5%

Southern and Eastern Serbia Serbs   89.1% Roma   3.6% Vlachs   2.1% Bulgarians   1% other/unspecified   4.2%

Ethnic group	census 1948		census 1953		census 1961		census 1971		census 1981		census 1991		census 2002[22]		census 2011[23]
	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%
Serbs	4,651,819	80.2	4,963,070	80.4	5,477,670	82.0	5,788,547	80.4	5,972,661	77.3	6,252,405	79.9	6,212,838	82.9	5,988,150	83.3
Hungarians	433,618	7.5	441,748	7.2	449,377	6.7	430,145	6.0	390,321	5.0	343,800	4.4	293,299	3.9	253,899	3.5
Roma	40,951	0.7	46,896	0.8	6,624	0.1	35,301	0.5	76,833	1.0	94,492	1.2	108,193	1.4	147,604	2.1
Muslims	7,636	0.1	74,840	1.2	85,441	1.3	127,973	1.8	156,604	2.0	180,222	2.3	19,503	0.3	22,301	0.3
Bosniaks													136,087	1.8	145,278	2.0
Croats	164,574	2.8	167,045	2.7	189,158	2.8	176,649	2.5	140,650	1.8	97,344	1.2	70,602	0.9	57,900	0.8
Slovaks	73,138	1.3	75,006	1.2	77,816	1.2	76,707	1.1	73,170	0.9	66,772	0.9	59,021	0.8	52,750	0.7
Albanians	33,769	0.6	40,954	0.7	53,167	0.8	68,593	1.0	76,296	1.0	78,281	1.0	61,647	0.8	5,809	0.1
Montenegrins	46,810	0.8	54,718	0.9	67,165	1.0	93,705	1.3	120,438	1.6	118,934	1.5	69,049	0.9	38,527	0.5
Vlachs	93,440	1.6	28,047	0.5	1,367	0.0	14,719	0.2	25,592	0.3	17,804	0.2	40,054	0.5	35,330	0.5
Romanians	63,112	1.1	59,689	1.0	59,492	0.9	57,399	0.8	53,676	0.7	42,316	0.5	34,576	0.5	29,332	0.4
Yugoslavs					14,873	0.2	122,904	1.7	439,265	5.7	320,168	4.1	80,721	1.1	23,303	0.3
Macedonians	17,391	0.3	26,305	0.4	35,146	0.5	41,627	0.6	47,930	0.6	45,068	0.6	25,847	0.3	22,755	0.3
Bulgarians	59,395	1.0	60,146	1.0	58,243	0.9	53,536	0.7	33,294	0.4	26,698	0.3	20,497	0.3	18,543	0.3
Others[24]/unspecified	114,493	2.0	132,549	2.1	102,700	1.5	115,093	1.6	122,506	1.6	138,491	1.8	266,067	3.5	345,381	4.8
Total	5,800,146		6,171,013		6,678,239		7,202,898		7,729,236		7,822,795		7,498,001		7,186,862

Religion

Religion map (2002 census)

Main article: Religion in Serbia

Serbia (excluding Kosovo) in 2011
Eastern Orthodox			84.5%
Roman Catholic			5%
Islam			3%
Protestant			1%
Other			0.1%
Atheists/Agnostics			1.1%
Unspecified			4.4%

Serbia is largely a homogeneous Eastern Orthodox nation, with Catholic and Muslim minorities, among other smaller confessions.[25]

Orthodox Christians number 6,079,396 or 84.5% of country's population. The Serbian Orthodox Church is the largest and traditional church of the country, adherents of which are overwhelmingly Serbs. Other Orthodox Christian communities in Serbia include Montenegrins, Romanians, Vlachs, Macedonians and Bulgarians.

There are 356,957 Roman Catholics in Serbia, roughly 5% of the population, mostly in Vojvodina (especially its northern part) which is home to minority ethnic groups such as Hungarians, Croats, Bunjevci, Albanians, as well as to some Slovaks and Czechs.[25] Protestantism accounts for about 1% of the country's population, chiefly among Slovaks in Vojvodina as well as among Reformist Hungarians.

Muslims, with 222,282 or 3% of population, form third largest religious group. Islam has a strong historic following in the southern regions of Serbia, primarily in southern Raška. Bosniaks are the largest Islamic community in Serbia; estimates are that some third of country's Roma people are Muslim.

Languages

Linguistic map (2002 census)

Main articles: Languages of Serbia and Serbian language

Serbia (excluding Kosovo) in 2011
Serbian			88%
Hungarian			3.4%
Bosnian			1.9%
Romani			1%
Other/unspecified			5.2%

The official language is Serbian, member of the South Slavic group of languages, and is native to 6,330,919 or 88% of the population.[26] Recognized minority languages are: Hungarian (mother tongue to 243,146 people or 3.4% of population), Slovak, Romanian, Bulgarian and Rusyn as well as Bosnian and Croatian which are completely mutual intelligible with Serbian. All these languages are in official use in municipalities or cities where more than a 15% of population consists of national minority.[27] In Vojvodina, provincial administration uses, besides Serbian, five other languages (Hungarian, Slovak, Romanian, Croatian and Rusyn).

Largest cities

Name	Population (2011)
Belgrade	1,233,796
Novi Sad	277,522
Niš	187,544
Kragujevac	150,835
Subotica	105,681

Migration

Emigration

See also: Serbian diaspora

Immigration

See also: Immigration to Serbia

Foreign citizens in Serbia in 2016.[28]

	Temporary residence		Permanent residence
#	Country	Population	Country	Population
1	China	3,280	China	1,232
2	Russia	2,677	Romania	1,162
3	Libya	1,656	Russia	620
4	North Macedonia	1,386	North Macedonia	516
5	Ukraine	1,031	Ukraine	340
	Total	19,929	Total	6,684

Other demographic data

Data that follows has been derived from the Ministry of Demography and Population Policy of Serbia Official website[29]

Median age of the population

Total: 43.16 years (2018)

Male: 41.73 years

Female: 44.53 years

Mother's mean age at first birth

28.4 years (2018)

Number of marriages per 1000 inhabitants

5.2 marriages/1,000 population (2018)

Median age of the groom at the time of marriage

34.2 years (2018)

Median age of the bride at the time of marriage

31.1 years (2018)

Number of divorces per 1000 marriages

275.2 divorces/1,000 marriages (2018)

Education

Further information: Education in Serbia

According to 2011 census, literacy in Serbia stands at 98% of population while computer literacy is at 49% (complete computer literacy is at 34.2%).[30] Same census showed the following levels of education: 16.2% of inhabitants have higher education (10.6% have bachelors or master's degrees, 5.6% have an associate degree), 49% have a secondary education, 20.7% have an elementary education, and 13.7% have not completed elementary education.[31]

Health

Further information: Health in Serbia

The life expectancy in Serbia at birth is 74.8 years, 71.9 for males and 77.7 for females.[32] Serbia has a comparatively old overall population (among the 10 oldest in the world), with the average age of 42.9 years.[33]

Period	Life expectancy in Years[34]
1950–1955	59.12
1955–1960	61.60
1960–1965	64.26
1965–1970	66.72
1970–1975	68.53
1975–1980	69.53
1980–1985	70.20
1985–1990	71.14
1990–1995	71.74
1995–2000	71.91
2000–2005	72.36
2005–2010	73.33
2010–2015	74.65

See also

• Demographic history of Serbia
• Demographic history of Vojvodina
• Demographic history of Kosovo
• Demographics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
• Yugoslavia § Demographics
• Demographics of Serbia and Montenegro
• Demographics of Albania
• Demographics of Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Demographics of Bulgaria
• Demographics of Croatia
• Demographics of Hungary
• Demographics of Kosovo
• Demographics of Montenegro
• Demographics of North Macedonia
• Demographics of Romania
• Demographics of Slovenia

References

1. "Population" (web). Stat.gov.rs. Retrieved 1 August 2020.
2. "Macrotrends".
3. "Worldometers.info".
4. "Tadviser".
5. Max Roser (2014), "Total Fertility Rate around the world over the last centuries", Our World In Data, Gapminder Foundation
6. "Demographic indicators".
7. "Demography statistics 1990,Yugoslavia" (PDF).
8. "Publications of Serbia".
9. "Eurostat database".
10. "Demographic statistics 2004" (PDF).
11. "Demographic Yearbook in the Republic of Serbia, 2010" (PDF).
12. "Demographic Yearbook 2018" (PDF).
13. "Vital events, 2019" (PDF).
14. "Estimates of population, 2019" (PDF).
15. "Births and Deaths".
16. "First results about live births and deaths by region 2019/2020.(in Serbian only)".
17. "Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia" (PDF). Retrieved 6 October 2018.
19. "Vesti – Zvaničan broj Roma u Srbiji". B92.net. 7 April 2009.
20. "Chinese Migrants Use Serbia as Gate to Europe". Abcnews.go.com. Retrieved 2016-09-26.
21. V. Mijatović – B. Hadžić. "I Kinezi napuštaju Srbiju | Reportaže". Novosti.rs. Retrieved 2016-09-29.
22. "Official Results of Serbian Census 2002–Population" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-10-18. Retrieved 2009-02-19. (441 KB), pp. 12-13 (in Serbian)
23. "Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia 2011 by nationality" (PDF).
24. "2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia" (PDF). Pod2.stat.gov.rs. Retrieved 2016-09-29.
25. "Становништво, домаћинства и породице – база : Попис у Србији 2011". Popis2011.stat.rs. Retrieved 2016-09-29.
26. "2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia" (PDF). Pod2.stat.gov.rs. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-07-15. Retrieved 2016-09-29.
27. "EUROPEAN CHARTER FOR REGIONAL OR MINORITY LANGUAGES" (PDF). Coe.int. Retrieved 2016-09-29.
28. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-07-08. Retrieved 2018-07-07.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
29. "АКТУЕЛНИ ДЕМОГРАФСКИ ПОКАЗАТЕЉИ (Current Demography)". Ministry of Demography and Population Policy of Serbia Official website.
30. "2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia" (PDF). Pod2.stat.gov.rs. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-07-29. Retrieved 2016-09-29.
31. "Education stats in Serbia". Webrzs.stat.gov.rs. Retrieved 20 March 2013.
32. "Витални догађаји, 2016". Stat.gov.rs. Retrieved 29 August 2017.
33. "Процене становништва, 2016". Stat.gov.rs. Retrieved 29 August 2017.
34. "World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations". esa.un.org. Retrieved 2018-08-26.

Sources

• "2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia: Ethnicity" (PDF). Press conference. RZS. 29 November 2012.

Further reading

• Ocić, Časlav (2006). "Kosovo and Metohia: Ethnodemographic Changes from the End of World War II to 1991". Срби на Косову и у Метохији: Зборник радова са научног скупа (PDF). Београд: Српска академија наука и уметности. pp. 441–460. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-25. Retrieved 2017-08-01.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• Carte ethnographique serbe avec les limites méridionales de la vieille Serbie et celles de la Serbie du Tsar Douchan (in French). Belgrade: Mita Staïtch, librarie de la Cour. 1903. (PDF)