Bujanovac

Bujanovac (Serbian Cyrillic: Бујановац; pronounced [bǔjanɔvats]; Albanian: Bujanoc) is a town and municipality located in the Pčinja District of southern Serbia. Situated in the South Morava basin, it is located in the geographical area known as Preševo Valley. It is also known for its source of mineral water and spa town Bujanovačka banja.

Bujanovac

Бујановац

Bujanoc
Town and municipality
Building in the center of Bujanovac
Coat of arms
Location of the municipality of Bujanovac within Serbia
Coordinates: 42°28′N 21°46′E
Country Serbia
RegionSouthern and Eastern Serbia
DistrictPčinja
Settlements59
Government
 • MayorNagip Arifi
Area
 • Town8.95 km2 (3.46 sq mi)
 • Municipality461 km2 (178 sq mi)
Elevation
384 m (1,260 ft)
Population
 (2002 census)[3]
 • Municipality
43,302
 • Municipality density94/km2 (240/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
17520
Area code+381(0)17
Car platesBU
Websitewww.bujanovac.rs/en
Municipality of Bujanovac

According to the 2011 census, due to the boycott of Albanians. the largest ethnic group in the town were Serbs, while the largest ethnic group in the municipality were Albanians.

History

Ancient history

Kale-Krševica, located south of Ristovac, is an archaeological site of a 5th-century BC Ancient city of Macedon, thought to be Damastion. The Thracian Triballi and Paeonian Agrianes dwelled in the region, with the Scordisci settling here after the Gallic invasion of the Balkans in 279 BC. The region was conquered by the Romans after 75 BC. It became part of the Roman propraetorial province Moesia in 29 BC (imperial from 27 BC). In 87 AD the region was re-organized into the Moesia Superior, which was a province of the Roman Empire.

Medieval Serbian era

Medieval Serbian state like the Kingdom of Serbia or the Serbian Empire included part of this region in the 12th century and most of it until the 14th century. Since the 15th century, the region was under Ottoman administration.

Ottoman era

It became part of Rumelia, as a historical term describing the area now referred to as the Balkans or the Balkan Peninsula when it was administrated by the Ottoman Empire.

After the Berlin agreement, signed in 1878, there were some administrative changes in the Ottoman Empire. Bujanovac and its surroundings became part of the "Preševo area" of the Priština District and in 1905–1912 Bujanovac belonged to the 2nd category of borough covering 28 villages. After the Balkan Wars, the area belonged to Kumanovo District of the Kingdom of Serbia.

Yugoslavia (1918–92)

After the establishment of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenians, in 1918, Bujanovac became part of Vranje Oblast, which was formed in 1921 after the Vidovdan Constitution. With administrative changes in 1929, it became part of Vardar Banovina, with the town of Skopje as capital. With the forming of Democratic Federal Yugoslavia, it was part of Socialist Republic of Serbia from 1943 to 1992. After World War II, in 1947, Bujanovac was established as one of 117 municipalities of Central Serbia, under its own name.[4]

From 1945 until 1992 Bujanovac was part of Socialist Republic of Serbia, within SFR Yugoslavia.

Breakup of Yugoslavia (1991–99)
Sites near Bujanovac where NATO aviation used munition with depleted uranium during 1999 bombing

In 1992, the Albanians in the area organized a referendum in which they voted that Bujanovac, Preševo and Medveđa should join the self-declared assembly of the Republic of Kosova. However, no major events happened until the end of the 1990s.

Following the breakup of Yugoslavia, and nearby Kosovo War which lasted until 1999, between 1999 and 2001, an ethnic Albanian paramilitary separatist organization, the UÇPMB, raised an armed insurgency in the Preševo Valley, in the region mostly inhabited by Albanians, with a goal to occupy these three municipalities from Serbia and join them to the self-proclaimed Republic of Kosova.

Unlike in the case of Kosovo, western countries condemned the attacks and described it as the "extremism" and use of "illegal terrorist actions" by the group.[5] Following the overthrow of Slobodan Milošević, the new Yugoslav government suppressed the violence by 2001 and defeated the separatists. NATO troops also helped the Yugoslav government by ensuring that the rebels do not import the conflicts back into Kosovo.[6] Thereafter, the situation has stabilized even though large number of forces exist in this small municipality.

In 2009, Serbia opened a military base Cepotina five kilometers south of Bujanovac, to further stabilize the area.[7]

Modern

Today, Bujanovac is located in the Pčinja District of southern Serbia.

On 7 March 2017, the President of Albania Bujar Nishani made a historical visit to the municipalities of Bujanovac and Preševo, in which Albanians form the ethnic majority.[8]

Settlements

Aside from the town of Bujanovac, the municipality includes the following settlements:

Demographics
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
194834,472—    
195336,810+1.32%
196139,064+0.75%
197143,522+1.09%
198146,689+0.70%
199149,238+0.53%
200243,302−1.16%
2011[b]18,067−9.26%
Source: [9]

According to the 2002 census, the municipality of Bujanovac had a population of 43,302 people. Most of the municipality population live in rural areas, with only 27.74% living in the urban parts. The municipality of Bujanovac has 59 inhabited places.

Ethnic groups

The majority of the municipality population are Albanians, encompassing more than 55% of the total population. During the 2011 census, undercounting of the census units, owing to the boycott by most of the members of the Albanian ethnic community in the municipality of Bujanovac, was reported. The ethnic composition of the municipality is as follows:

Ethnic group Population
1948[10][a]		 Population
1953[11][a]		 Population
1961[12]		 Population
1971[13]		 Population
1981[14]		 Population
1991[15]		 Population
2002[16]		 Population
2011[17][b]
Albanians 27,174 28,653 16,618 21,209 25,848 29,588 23,681 244
Serbs 25,143 27,681 20,033 18,840 15,914 14,660 14,782 12,989
Romani 2,838 - 11 2,749 4,130 4,408 3,867 4,576
Macedonians 29 54 40 55 105 - 36 47
Bulgarians 9 23 - - - - 33 23
Gorani - - - - - - 10 60
Montenegrins 23 16 8 23 24 44 7 19
Muslims 314 - 134 81 121 133 6 15
Yugoslavs - 91 1,081 15 96 75 2 3
Others 408 6,286 1,147 550 451 330 878 91
Total 55,938 62,804 39,064 43,522 46,689 49,238 43,302 18,067

Culture and society

Sports

Bujanovac has a number of football teams, the most notable being BSK Bujanovac and KF Besa.

Economy

The following table gives a preview of total number of registered people employed in legal entities per their core activity (as of 2018):[18]

Activity Total
Agriculture, forestry and fishing35
Mining and quarrying22
Manufacturing1,228
Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply24
Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities199
Construction227
Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles739
Transportation and storage268
Accommodation and food services261
Information and communication36
Financial and insurance activities31
Real estate activities2
Professional, scientific and technical activities151
Administrative and support service activities52
Public administration and defense; compulsory social security658
Education775
Human health and social work activities456
Arts, entertainment and recreation123
Other service activities109
Individual agricultural workers178
Total5,575
  • Bujanovac Grammar's School
  • Town Center Building
  • Bujanovac Bus Station
  • Ljiljance village panorama

International cooperation

Notable people
gollark: I wonder if they're ever going to get rid of TV licenses.
gollark: Besides, now isn't a very good time for rioting anyway.
gollark: I don't really want to go around starting riots.
gollark: Wait, if America is as non-free as China, and the UK is generally considered less free than America... the UK is more authoritarian than China?
gollark: Decent prosperity and continually advancing technology?

See also

References
  1. "Municipalities of Serbia, 2006". Statistical Office of Serbia. Retrieved 28 November 2010.
  2. "Насеља општине Бујановац" (pdf). stat.gov.rs (in Serbian). Statistical Office of Serbia. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
  3. "2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia: Comparative Overview of the Number of Population in 1948, 1953, 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991, 2002 and 2011, Data by settlements" (PDF). Statistical Office of Republic Of Serbia, Belgrade. 2014. ISBN 978-86-6161-109-4. Retrieved 27 June 2014.
  4. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 26 August 2011. Retrieved 15 November 2010.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  5. European Centre for Minority Issues Staf (1 January 2003). European Yearbook of Minority Issues: 2001/2. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. pp. 652–. ISBN 90-411-1956-6.
  6. Lobjakas, Ahto. "NATO: Yugoslav Officials Discuss Presevo Valley". rferl.org. Radio Free Europe / Liberty. Retrieved 22 April 2017.
  7. "Otvorena baza na jugu Srbije". b92.net (in Serbian). Beta. 23 November 2009. Retrieved 6 March 2017.
  8. "Musliu: Albanski predsednik Bujar Nišani posetiće 7. marta Bujanovac i Preševo". blic.rs (in Serbian). Beta. 3 March 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
  9. "2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia" (PDF). stat.gov.rs. Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. Retrieved 11 January 2017.
  10. "STALNO STANOVNISTVO PO NARODNOSTI" (PDF). stat.gov.rs. Republički zavod za statistiku. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  11. "UKUPNO STANOVNIŠTVO PO NARODNOSTI (1953)" (PDF). stat.gov.rs. Republički zavod za statistiku. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
  12. "Knjiga III: Nacionalni sastav stanovništva FNR Jugoslavije (1961)" (PDF). stat.gov.rs (in Serbian). Republički zavod za statistiku. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
  13. "Knjiga III: Nacionalni sastav stanovništva FNR Jugoslavije (1971)" (PDF). stat.gov.rs (in Serbian). Republički zavod za statistiku. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
  14. "Nacionalni sastav stanovništva SFR Jugoslavije (1981)" (PDF). stat.gov.rs. Republički zavod za statistiku. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
  15. "STANOVNIŠTVO PREMA NACIONALNOJ PRIPADNOSTI (1991)" (PDF). stat.gov.rs. Republički zavod za statistiku. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
  16. "Popis stanovnistva, domacinstava i stanova u 2002" (PDF). stat.gov.rs (in Serbian). Retrieved 3 March 2015.
  17. "Попис становништва, домаћинстава и станова 2011. у Републици Србији" (PDF). stat.gov.rs. Republički zavod za statistiku. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 August 2014. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
  18. "MUNICIPALITIES AND REGIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA, 2019" (PDF). stat.gov.rs. Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. 25 December 2019. Retrieved 28 December 2019.

Notes
a.  ^ At the time, today's municipality of Preševo was a part of Bujanovac.
b.  ^ In the municipality of Bujanovac there was undercoverage of the census units owing to the boycott by most of the members of the Albanian ethnic community.
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