Chautauqua County, Kansas

Chautauqua County (county code CQ) is a county located in Southeast Kansas. As of the 2010 census, the county population was 3,669.[1] Its county seat and most populous city is Sedan.[2] Chautauqua County is named for Chautauqua County, New York, the birthplace of Edward Jaquins, a Kansas politician who was instrumental in getting the county established.[3]

Not to be confused with Chautauqua, Kansas.
Chautauqua County
County
Downtown Sedan, Kansas.
Location within the U.S. state of Kansas
Kansas's location within the U.S.
Coordinates:
Country United States
State Kansas
FoundedMarch 25, 1875
Named forChautauqua County, New York
SeatSedan
Largest citySedan
Area
 • Total645 sq mi (1,670 km2)
 • Land639 sq mi (1,660 km2)
 • Water5.9 sq mi (15 km2)  0.9%%
Population
 • Estimate 
(2018)
3,309
 • Density5.7/sq mi (2.2/km2)
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
Area code620
Congressional district4th
Websitechautauquacountyks.com

History

Early history
See also: History of Kansas

For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau.

19th century

In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France, but keeping title to about 7,500 square miles. In 1803, most of the land for modern day Kansas was acquired by the United States from France as part of the 828,000 square mile Louisiana Purchase for 2.83 cents per acre.

In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state. Chautauqua County was created by an act of the Kansas legislature on June 1, 1875 by the division of Howard County into Elk County (the northern half) and Chautauqua County (the southern half). At the time of its creation, the county's population was about 7,400.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 645 square miles (1,670 km2), of which 639 square miles (1,660 km2) is land and 5.9 square miles (15 km2) (0.9%) is water.[4]

Adjacent counties

Major highways

Sources: National Atlas,[5] U.S. Census Bureau[6]

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.%±
188011,072—
189012,29711.1%
190011,804−4.0%
191011,429−3.2%
192011,5981.5%
193010,352−10.7%
19409,233−10.8%
19507,376−20.1%
19605,956−19.3%
19704,642−22.1%
19805,0168.1%
19904,407−12.1%
20004,359−1.1%
20103,669−15.8%
Est. 20183,309[7]−9.8%
U.S. Decennial Census[8]
1790-1960[9] 1900-1990[10]
1990-2000[11] 2010-2016[1]
Population pyramid

As of the 2000 census,[12] there were 4,359 people, 1,796 households, and 1,235 families residing in the county. The population density was 7 people per square mile (3/km2). There were 2,169 housing units at an average density of 3 per square mile (1/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 93.83% White, 0.30% Black or African American, 3.58% Native American, 0.07% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 0.34% from other races, and 1.84% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.35% of the population.

There were 1,796 households, out of which 26.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.30% were married couples living together, 7.90% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.20% were non-families. 29.40% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.87.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 23.40% under the age of 18, 6.10% from 18 to 24, 20.90% from 25 to 44, 25.20% from 45 to 64, and 24.30% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females there were 93.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.20 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $28,717, and the median income for a family was $33,871. Males had a median income of $25,083 versus $21,346 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,280. About 9.00% of families and 12.20% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.80% of those under age 18 and 10.60% of those age 65 or over.

Government

Presidential elections
Presidential election results
Presidential election results[13]
Year Republican Democratic Third Parties
2016 83.5% 1,236 13.3% 197 3.2% 48
2012 80.0% 1,304 17.2% 280 2.8% 46
2008 76.6% 1,418 21.7% 401 1.8% 33
2004 78.0% 1,529 20.6% 404 1.4% 27
2000 71.7% 1,347 23.6% 443 4.8% 90
1996 58.3% 1,142 29.0% 568 12.8% 250
1992 41.2% 853 28.9% 598 30.0% 622
1988 64.5% 1,247 34.2% 661 1.3% 26
1984 76.6% 1,688 22.5% 497 0.9% 20
1980 71.6% 1,566 24.8% 543 3.6% 78
1976 55.8% 1,159 41.7% 866 2.6% 53
1972 78.0% 1,546 19.1% 378 2.9% 58
1968 65.5% 1,537 20.4% 478 14.1% 331
1964 55.4% 1,463 44.1% 1,163 0.5% 14
1960 70.5% 2,160 28.9% 885 0.6% 17
1956 70.9% 2,180 28.8% 887 0.3% 10
1952 74.8% 2,542 24.6% 837 0.6% 21
1948 59.3% 1,925 38.9% 1,261 1.8% 58
1944 67.4% 2,305 32.3% 1,106 0.3% 10
1940 62.7% 2,888 36.5% 1,679 0.9% 39
1936 54.5% 2,506 45.2% 2,080 0.3% 13
1932 43.4% 1,893 51.9% 2,263 4.7% 204
1928 76.0% 3,303 21.7% 944 2.3% 101
1924 60.0% 2,439 26.7% 1,087 13.3% 540
1920 68.6% 2,539 25.3% 936 6.1% 227
1916 49.7% 2,085 41.4% 1,737 8.9% 374
1912 31.4% 818 28.8% 752 39.8% 1,039[lower-alpha 1]
1908 60.2% 1,689 34.1% 958 5.7% 159
1904 67.5% 2,033 22.6% 681 9.9% 299
1900 55.5% 1,618 43.9% 1,280 0.7% 19
1896 50.9% 1,359 48.5% 1,293 0.6% 17
1892 52.0% 1,408 48.0% 1,298
1888 57.6% 1,590 25.1% 694 17.3% 478

Chautauqua is an overwhelmingly Republican county. The only Republican to ever lose the county has been Herbert Hoover during his landslide 1932 election defeat when he carried fewer than fifty counties west of the Mississippi. Apart from never-Democratic, historically Yankee Doniphan County, it was the only Kansas county to give incumbent President William Howard Taft a plurality in 1912. The last Democrat to pass thirty percent of the county's vote was Michael Dukakis in 1988, and in 2016 Hillary Clinton received merely thirteen percent.

Laws

Although the Kansas Constitution was amended in 1986 to allow the sale of alcoholic liquor by the individual drink with the approval of voters, Chautauqua County remained a prohibition, or "dry", county, until 2008, when a county wide ballot measure was approved to allow individual liquor sales with a 30 percent food requirement[14]

Education

Unified school districts

Communities
2005 KDOT Map of Chautauqua County (map legend)

Cities

Unincorporated communities
  • Boston (no longer exists)[15]
  • Cloverdale
  • Grafton
  • Hale
  • Hewins
  • Jonesburg (originally spelled Jonesburgh)[16]
  • Layton (no longer exists)[17]
  • Leeds (no longer exists)
  • Lowe (Gibbs)
  • Matanzas (no longer exists)[18]
  • Monett
  • Moore (no longer exists)
  • Osro (no longer exists)
  • Rogers
  • Wauneta

Townships

Chautauqua County is divided into twelve townships. None of the cities within the county are considered governmentally independent, and all figures for the townships include those of the cities. In the following table, the population center is the largest city (or cities) included in that township's population total, if it is of a significant size.

TownshipFIPSPopulation
center		 PopulationPopulation
density
/km2 (/sq mi)		 Land area
km2 (sq mi)		Water area
km2 (sq mi)		Water % Geographic coordinates
Belleville055756754 (11)155 (60)0 (0)0.14%37°3′50″N 96°7′48″W
Caneyville10425881 (2)144 (55)1 (0)0.38%37°15′23″N 96°27′27″W
Center11575751 (1)144 (56)1 (0)0.80%37°15′28″N 96°18′31″W
Harrison302751141 (2)142 (55)0 (0)0.14%37°4′3″N 96°26′32″W
Hendricks313001791 (3)142 (55)0 (0)0.05%37°1′12″N 96°18′42″W
Jefferson35125Cedar Vale8346 (15)144 (56)1 (0)0.45%37°6′45″N 96°29′12″W
Lafayette37650650 (1)154 (59)2 (1)1.40%37°15′36″N 96°10′20″W
Little Caney415253533 (8)117 (45)0 (0)0.31%37°3′51″N 96°1′5″W
Salt Creek627751231 (3)127 (49)0 (0)0.34%37°15′13″N 96°1′34″W
Sedan63775Sedan1,66013 (34)128 (49)1 (0)0.65%37°7′50″N 96°11′6″W
Summit690251061 (2)144 (56)1 (0)0.40%37°8′17″N 96°19′53″W
Washington75550871 (2)121 (47)1 (0)0.71%37°7′41″N 96°0′52″W
Sources: "Census 2000 U.S. Gazetteer Files". U.S. Census Bureau, Geography Division. Archived from the original on 2002-08-02.
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See also

References
  1. "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved July 22, 2014.
  2. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on 2011-05-31. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  3. "Chautauqua County, Kansas". Kansas Historical Society. Retrieved 6 June 2014.
  4. "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  5. National Atlas Archived December 5, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  6. "U.S. Census Bureau TIGER shape files". Archived from the original on 2017-05-23. Retrieved 2017-12-05.
  7. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved December 23, 2019.
  8. "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 22, 2014.
  9. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved July 22, 2014.
  10. "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 22, 2014.
  11. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 22, 2014.
  12. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  13. http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS
  14. "Map of Wet and Dry Counties". Alcoholic Beverage Control, Kansas Department of Revenue. November 2006. Archived from the original on 2007-10-08. Retrieved 2007-12-26.
  15. Rydjord, John (1972). Kansas Place-Names. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma. pp. 250–251. ISBN 0-8061-0994-7.
  16. "Kansas Post Offices, 1828-1961 (archived)". Kansas Historical Society. Archived from the original on October 9, 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2014.
  17. Rydjord, John (1972). Kansas Place-Names. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma. p. 493. ISBN 0-8061-0994-7.
  18. Rydjord, John (1972). Kansas Place-Names. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma. p. 96. ISBN 0-8061-0994-7.
Notes
  1. Comprising 762 votes for Progressive Theodore Roosevelt and 277 for Socialist Eugene Debs.

Further reading
See also: List of books about State of Kansas (which includes historical information about its counties and cities too)
County
Maps
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