Cabinet of Indonesia

The Cabinet of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Kabinet Republik Indonesia) is part of the executive branch of the Indonesian government. It is composed of the most senior appointed officers of the executive branch of the government serving under the President. Members of the Cabinet (except for the Vice President) serve at the pleasure of the President, who can dismiss them at will for no cause.

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Indonesia has seen dozens of cabinets since independence in 1945. Although after the New Order most cabinets remained unchanged for five years at a time. Most cabinets are referred to by the names given them at the time of formation. The current presidential cabinet is the Onward Indonesia Cabinet of Joko Widodo.[1]

History

The concept of a cabinet is not mentioned explicitly in the 1945 Constitution, so Indonesia's cabinets since 14 November 1945 are the result of administrative convention. There have been two types of cabinet in Indonesian history; presidential and parliamentary. In presidential cabinets, the president is responsible for government policy as head of state and government, while in parliamentary cabinets, the cabinet carries out government policy, and is responsible to the legislature.[2]

During the War of Independence from 1945–1949, the cabinet changed from a presidential to a parliamentary system, despite this not being the system intended by those who drew up the Constitution; however, at several critical periods, it reverted to a presidential system. During this period, the cabinet had between 16 and 37 ministers with 12-15 ministries.[3]

On 27 December 1949, the Netherlands recognised the sovereignty of the United States of Indonesia (RIS). Under the Federal Constitution of 1949, the RIS had a parliamentary cabinet as ministers were responsible for government policy. With the return to the unitary state of Indonesia in August 1950, the parliamentary cabinet system remained due to an agreement between the governments of the RIS and the Republic of Indonesia (a constituent of the RIS). Article 83 of the Provisional Constitution of 1950 stated that ministers had full responsibility for government policy. Over the following nine years there were seven cabinets with between 18 and 25 members.[4]

On 5 July 1959, President Sukarno issued a decree abrogating the 1950 Constitution and returning to the 1945 Constitution. The cabinet was also dissolved. A new presidential cabinet was formed shortly after, but this new cabinet did not follow the 1945 Constitution either, as the office of prime minister still existed, along with deputy prime ministers. Moreover, the offices of Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Indonesia and Speaker of the People's Representative Council which were supposed to be equal to the President, and the office of Chairman of the People's Consultative Assembly, which was supposed to be above all government branches, were included into the Cabinet. During the final years of Sukarno's presidency, cabinets were larger, peaking at 111 ministers.

During the New Order under President Suharto, cabinets were smaller, and from 1968 until 1998 lasted for the five-year presidential term. Offices that were not sanctioned by the 1945 Constitution were abolished. Following the fall of Suharto and the beginning of the Reformasi era, the presidential cabinet system has been retained.[5]

Until 2010, cabinet ministries were dubbed 'Departments' (Departemen) following the United States model. After 2010, all 'departements' were renamed into 'ministries' (Kementerian), thus bringing them in line with the Netherlands model of ministries and a state secretariat.

List of Indonesian Cabinets

Parliamentary cabinets were usually known by the name of the prime minister, but after 1959 they were named after their principal tasking.[6] The complete list of cabinets follows:[7][8]

Name of CabinetHead of CabinetPeriod of Office

War of Independence

Presidential Cabinet Ir. Sukarno 2 September 1945 – 14 November 1945
First Sjahrir Cabinet Sutan Sjahrir 14 November 1945 – 12 March 1946
Second Sjahrir Cabinet 12 March 1946 – 2 October 1946
Third Sjahrir Cabinet 2 October 1946 – 27 June 1947
First Amir Sjarifuddin Cabinet Amir Sjarifuddin 3 July 1947 – 11 November 1947
Second Amir Sjarifuddin Cabinet 11 November 1947 – 29 January 1948
First Hatta Cabinet Mohammad Hatta 29 January 1948 – 19 December 1949
Emergency Cabinet Sjafruddin Prawiranegara 22 December 1948 – 13 July 1949
First Hatta Cabinet Mohammad Hatta 13 July 1949 – 4 August 1949
Second Hatta Cabinet 4 August – 14 December 1949

United States of Indonesia

RUSI Cabinet Mohammad Hatta 20 December 1949 – 7 September 1950

Cabinets of the Republic of Indonesia

Susanto Cabinet Susanto Tirtoprodjo 27 December 1949 – 21 January 1950
Halim Cabinet Abdul Halim 21 January 1950 – 7 September 1950

Cabinets of the State of East Indonesia

First Nadjamoedin Cabinet Nadjamoedin Daeng Malewa 13 January 1947 – 2 June 1947
Second Nadjamoedin Cabinet 2 June 1947 – 11 October 1947
Warrouw Cabinet S.J. Warrouw 11 October 1947 – 15 December 1947
First Gde Agung Cabinet Ide Anak Agung Gde Agung 15 December 1947 – 12 January 1949
Second Gde Agung Cabinet 12 January 1949 – 27 December 1949
Tatengkeng Cabinet Jan Engelbert Tatengkeng 27 December 1949 – 14 March 1950
Diapari Cabinet D.P. Diapari 14 March 1950 – 10 May 1950
Poetoehena Cabinet J. Poetoehena 10 May 1950 – 17 August 1950

Cabinets of the State of Pasundan

Adil Cabinet Adil Puradiredja 8 May 1948 – 10 January 1949
First Djumhana Cabinet Djumhana Wiriaatmadja 10 January 1949 – 31 January 1949
Second Djumhana Cabinet 31 January 1949 – 18 July 1949
Third Djumhana Cabinet 18 July 1949 – 11 January 1950
Anwar Cabinet Anwar Tjokroaminoto 11 January 1950 – 23 January 1950

Liberal Democracy

Natsir Cabinet Muhammad Natsir 7 September 1950 – 27 April 1951
Sukiman Cabinet Sukiman Wirjosandjojo 27 April 1951 – 3 April 1952
Wilopo Cabinet Wilopo 3 April 1952 – 30 July 1953
First Ali Sastroamidjojo Cabinet Ali Sastroamidjojo 30 July 1953 – 1 August 1955
Burhanuddin Harahap Cabinet Burhanuddin Harahap 1 August 1955 – 24 March 1956
Second Ali Sastroamidjojo Cabinet Ali Sastroamidjojo 26 March 1956 – 9 April 1957
Djuanda Cabinet Djuanda Kartawidjaja 10 April 1957 – 10 July 1959

Guided Democracy

First Working Cabinet Sukarno 10 July 1959 – 18 February 1960
Second Working Cabinet 18 February 1960 – 8 March 1962
Third Working Cabinet 8 March 1962 – 23 November 1963
Fourth Working Cabinet 23 November 1963 – 2 September 1964
Dwikora Cabinet 2 September 1964 – 24 February 1966
Revised Dwikora Cabinet 24 February 1966 – 30 March 1966
Second Revised Dwikora Cabinet 30 March – 25 July 1966
Ampera Cabinet 28 July 1966 – 12 March 1967
Suharto 12 March 1967 – 14 October 1967
Revised Ampera Cabinet 14 October 1967 – 10 June 1968

New Order

First Development Cabinet Suharto 10 June 1968 – 28 March 1973
Second Development Cabinet 28 March 1973 – 31 March 1978
Third Development Cabinet 31 March 1978 – 19 March 1983
Fourth Development Cabinet 19 March 1983 – 23 March 1988
Fifth Development Cabinet 23 March 1988 – 19 March 1993
Sixth Development Cabinet 19 March 1993 – 16 March 1998
Seventh Development Cabinet 16 March 1998 – 23 May 1998

Reform Era

Development Reform Cabinet Jusuf Habibie 23 May 1998 – 29 October 1999
National Unity Cabinet Abdurrahman Wahid 29 October 1999 – 9 August 2001
Mutual Assistance Cabinet Megawati Sukarnoputri 10 August 2001 – 20 October 2004
First United Indonesia Cabinet Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono 21 October 2004 – 22 October 2009
Second United Indonesia Cabinet 22 October 2009 – 20 October 2014
Working Cabinet Joko Widodo 27 October 2014 – 20 October 2019[9]
Onward Indonesia Cabinet 23 October 2019 – present
Source: Simanjuntak 2003

Current cabinet
Main article: Onward Indonesia Cabinet

The present Indonesian cabinet, the Onward Indonesia Cabinet (Indonesian: Kabinet Indonesia Maju), was sworn in on 23 October 2019. The cabinet consists of 34 ministers.

Coordinating Ministers
Coordinating Ministry Ministry Coordinating Minister Party Assumed Office Portrait
 Coordinating Ministry for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs

Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Politik, Hukum, dan Keamanan

 Mahfud MD Independent
23 October 2019
Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs

Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Ekonomi

 Airlangga Hartarto Golkar
23 October 2019
Coordinating Ministry for Maritime Affairs and Investment

Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Kemaritiman dan Investasi

 Luhut Binsar Pandjaitan
(2nd term)		 Golkar
23 October 2019
Coordinating Ministry for Human Development and Culture

Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Pembangunan Manusia dan Kebudayaan

 Muhadjir Effendy Independent
23 October 2019

Ministers
Portfolio Minister Party In Office since Portrait
Ministry of State Secretariat
Kementerian Sekretariat Negara		 Pratikno
(2nd term)		 Independent
23 October 2019
Ministry of Home Affairs
Kementerian Dalam Negeri		 Tito Karnavian Independent
23 October 2019
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Kementerian Luar Negeri		 Retno Marsudi
(2nd term)		 Independent
23 October 2019
Ministry of Defense
Kementerian Pertahanan		 Prabowo Subianto Gerindra
23 October 2019
Ministry of Law and Human Rights
Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia		 Yasonna Laoly
(2nd term)		 PDIP
23 October 2019
Ministry of Finance
Kementerian Keuangan		 Sri Mulyani Indrawati
(4th term)		 Independent
23 October 2019
Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources
Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral		 Arifin Tasrif Independent
23 October 2019
Ministry of Industry
Kementerian Perindustrian		 Agus Gumiwang Kartasasmita Golkar
23 October 2019
Ministry of Trade
Kementerian Perdagangan		 Agus Suparmanto PKB
23 October 2019
Ministry of Agriculture
Kementerian Pertanian		 Syahrul Yasin Limpo Nasdem
23 October 2019
Ministry of Environment and Forestry
Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan		 Siti Nurbaya Bakar
(2nd term)		 Nasdem
23 October 2019
Ministry of Transportation
Kementerian Perhubungan		 Budi Karya Sumadi
(2nd term)		 Independent
23 October 2019
Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries
Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan		 Edhy Prabowo Gerindra
23 October 2019
Ministry of Manpower
Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan		 Ida Fauziyah PKB
23 October 2019
Ministry of Villages, Development of Disadvantaged Regions, and Transmigration
Kementerian Desa, Pembangunan Daerah Tertinggal dan Transmigrasi		 Abdul Halim Iskandar PKB
23 October 2019
Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing
Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat		 Basuki Hadimuljono
(2nd term)		 Independent
23 October 2019
Ministry of Health
Kementerian Kesehatan		 Terawan Agus Putranto Independent
23 October 2019
Ministry of Education and Culture
Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan		 Nadiem Makarim Independent
23 October 2019
Ministry of Research and Technology
Kementerian Riset dan Teknologi		 Bambang Brodjonegoro Independent
23 October 2019
Ministry of Social Affairs
Kementerian Sosial		 Juliari Batubara PDIP
23 October 2019
Ministry of Religious Affairs
Kementerian Agama		 Fachrul Razi Independent
23 October 2019
Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy
Kementerian Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif		 Wishnutama Kusubandio Independent
23 October 2019
Ministry of Communication and Informatics
Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika		 Johnny Gerard Plate NasDem
23 October 2019
Ministry of Cooperatives and Small & Medium Enterprises
Kementerian Koperasi dan Usaha Kecil dan Menengah		 Teten Masduki Independent
23 October 2019
Ministry of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection
Kementerian Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Perlindungan Anak		 I Gusti Ayu Bintang Darmawati PDIP
23 October 2019
Ministry of Administrative and Bureaucratic Reform
Kementerian Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara dan Reformasi Birokrasi 		Tjahjo Kumolo PDIP
23 October 2019
Ministry of National Development Planning / National Development Planning Agency
Kementerian Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional/
Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional		 Suharso Monoarfa PPP
23 October 2019
Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning / National Land Agency
Kementerian Agraria dan Tata Ruang/ Badan Pertanahan Nasional 		Sofyan Djalil
(2nd term)		 Independent
23 October 2019
Ministry of State-Owned Enterprises
Kementerian Badan Usaha Milik Negara		 Erick Thohir Independent
23 October 2019
Ministry of Youth and Sports Affairs
Kementerian Pemuda dan Olahraga		 Zainudin Amali Golkar
23 October 2019

Cabinet-level Officials
Portfolio Incumbent Head In office since Portrait
Attorney General's Office
Kejaksaan Agung		 ST Burhanuddin 23 October 2019
National Armed Forces
Tentara Nasional Indonesia		 Hadi Tjahjanto 8 December 2017
National Police
Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia		 Idham Azis 1 November 2019

Secretariat of the Cabinet
Sekretariat Kabinet		 Pramono Anung
(2nd Term)		 23 October 2019
State Intelligence Agency
Badan Intelijen Negara		 Budi Gunawan 9 September 2016

Investment Coordinating Board
Badan Koordinasi Penanaman Modal		 Bahlil Lahadalia
23 October 2019

Presidential Staff Office
Staf Kepresidenan		 Moeldoko
(2nd Term)		 23 Oktober 2019
gollark: Sad.
gollark: Do you have potatOS-related ones?
gollark: What happened with that, anyway?
gollark: But killdan200!
gollark: There goes my evil weekend plan.

See also

References
  • Daniel Dhaidae & H. Witdarmono (Eds) (2000)Wajah Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republic Indonesia Pemilihan Umum 1999 (Faces of the Republic of Indonesia People's Representative Council 1999 General Election) Harian Kompas, Jakarta, ISBN 979-9251-43-5
  • Feith, Herbert (2007) The Decline of Constitutional Democracy in Indonesia Equinox Publishing (Asia) Pte Ltd, ISBN 9793780452
  • Simanjuntak, P. N. H. (2003). Kabinet-Kabinet Republik Indonesia: Dari Awal Kemerdekaan Sampai Reformasi (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Djambatan. ISBN 979-428-499-8.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Yayasan API (2001),Panduan Parlemen Indonesia (Indonesian Parliamentary Guide), ISBN 979-96532-1-5

Notes
  1. "Indonesian President Jokowi announces new Cabinet". The Straits Times. 23 October 2019. Retrieved 23 October 2019.
  2. Simanjuntak (2003) p1
  3. Simanjuntak (2003) p2
  4. Simanjuntak (2003) pp. 3-4
  5. Simanjuntak (2003) pp. 5-6
  6. Simanjuntak (2003) p66
  7. Simanjuntak (2003)
  8. Feith (2007)
  9. "Cabinet Announcement Still Elusive but State Palace Targets Monday Inauguration". thejakartaglobe.beritasatu.com/news/cabinet-announcement-still-elusive-state-palace-targets-monday-inauguration/. Jakarta Globe.
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