National Awakening Party

The National Awakening Party (Indonesian: Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa), frequently abbreviated to PKB, is an Islam-based[4][5] political party in Indonesia.

For the Iceland political party, see National Awakening (Iceland).

National Awakening Party Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa
Consultative Assembly Chairman	Dimyati Rois
General Chairman	Muhaimin Iskandar
Secretary-General	Muhammad Hanif Dhakiri
Founded	9 July 1998 (9 July 1998) 23 July 1998 (23 July 1998) (declaration)
Headquarters	Jakarta
Student wing	Gemasaba (One Nation's Student Movement)
Youth wing	Garda Bangsa (Nation's Guard)
Ideology	Pancasila Nationalism[1] Islamic modernism[2]
Political position	Center[3]
International affiliation	Centrist Democrat International Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats
Ballot number	1
DPR seats	47 / 560
Provincial DPRD seats	180 / 2,207
Website
pkb.id
Politics of Indonesia Political parties Elections

The party was founded in 1999, by the traditionalist strand of Muslim society in Indonesia, which overlaps with the membership of Nahdlatul Ulama.[6] The party is described as nationalist Muslim party, which promotes inclusive and nationalist principles and upholds Pancasila doctrine.[4]

In 2014, the party obtained the popular vote by 9.04 percent, which is an increase from 4.95 percent in 2009 but lower than 10.57 percent in 2004.[4] The party is currently led by Muhaimin Iskandar.

Origins

The PKB was established on 11 May 1998. The Kyai ("religious leader"), held a meeting at Pesantren Langitan to discuss several problems facing Indonesia deemed as critical. They developed an official statement, which Kyai members Muchid Muzadi of Jember and Gus Yusuf Muhammad, were sent to deliver to Soeharto, the (President). Before they were able to deliver the statement, however, Soeharto resigned on 23 May 1998.

On 30 May 1998, the Kyai held a grand Istighosah in the office of the East Java Nahdlatul Ulama (NU). The meeting resulted in KH Cholil Bisri being urged to form a party based on the NU's political aspirations. After initially resisting their request, due to his desire to continue his work with boarding schools (Pesantren), Bisri eventually relented and accepted the leadership role.

A week later, on 6 June, Bisri met the Kyai in order to discuss the formation of the new party. Invitations had been sent via telephone, and more than 200 Kyai attended the meeting, which was held in Bisri's home in Leteh, Rembang, Central Java. This meeting resulted in the formation of the "Standing Committee", consisting of 11 people, with Bisri as chairman and Gus Yus as secretary. In turn, this committee worked in a marathon session, preparing a platform and party components, including the logos which would become the party's symbol. The logos were created by KH A. Mustofa Bisri.

The Standing Committee and representatives of the NU held a major conference in Bandung, on 4 July 1998, which was attended by 27 regional representatives. In a discussion regarding the name of the organization, the proposed names were the "National Awakening Party", the "Party Kebangkitan Nahdlatul Ummah" and the "Ummah Party". The name chosen was "Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa" (PKB) meaning "National Awakening Party". The party's declaratory was 72 people, representing the age of the NU organization, consisting of the Standing Committee Team (11), the Lajnah Assistance Team (14), Team NU (5), the NU Assistance Team (7), and two Representatives from each of the 27 regions (27 x 2). The 72 founders signed the Party's Platform and its components.

Subsequent to this, however, the PBNU decided that only five people could become the party's declaratory. Those five were Kyai Munasir Ali, Kyai Ilyas Ruchiyat, Kyai Muchid Muzadi, KH A. Mustofa Bisri and KH Abddurahman Wahid, who was the chairman of the PBNU. The 72 names of the party's original declaratory were erased by the PBNU.

The party's base of support is strongest in Java Island and draws from the constituency that formerly supported the conservative Muslim organization NU. The PKB differs from Nahdlatul Ulama in that while it supports a role for Islam in government, it does not share the older organization's support for an explicitly Islamic republic.[7]

General elections

The National Awakening Party stood in the 1999 elections, winning 13 percent of the votes. In the 2004 elections, the party gained 10.57% (11,989,564) of votes and 52 seats in the People's Representative Council. However, the party won only 4.9 percent of the votes in the 2009 legislative election, and 27 seats in the legislature.[8][9]

Policies

According to the party website, the party's policies are to:[10]

• Strengthen democracy to increase the prosperity of people living in villages
• Strengthen the protection of farmers and fishermen
• Accelerate the development of disadvantaged regions
• Make labourers prosperous
• Increase the involvement of women in strategic sectors

For the 2014 elections, the party plans to focus more intensively on its policies related to villages, in particular such as village representation, the allocation of funding for villages and the development of education and health facilities.

Election results

Legislative election results

Election	Ballot number	Total seats won	Total votes	Share of votes	Outcome of election	Election leader
1999	35	51 / 500	13,336,982	12.61%[11]	51 seats, Governing coalition	Matori Abdul Djalil
2004	15	52 / 550	11,989,564	10.57%[12]	1 seat, Governing coalition	Alwi Shihab
2009	13	28 / 560	5,146,302	4.94%[12]	24 seats, Governing coalition	Muhaimin Iskandar
2014	2	47 / 560	11,298,957	9.04%[13]	19 seats, Governing coalition	Muhaimin Iskandar
2019	1	58 / 575	13,570,097	9.69%[14]	11 seats, Governing coalition	Muhaimin Iskandar

Presidential election results

Election	Ballot number	Candidate	Running mate	1st round (Total votes)	Share of votes	Outcome	2nd round (Total votes)	Share of votes	Outcome
2004	4	Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono	Jusuf Kalla	39,838,184	33.57%	Runoff	69,266,350	60.62%	Elected Y
2009	2	Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono	Boediono	73,874,562	60.80%	Elected Y
2014	2	Joko Widodo[15]	Jusuf Kalla	70,997,833	53.15%	Elected Y
2019	01	Joko Widodo	Ma'ruf Amin	85,607,362	55.50%	Elected Y

References

1. https://carnegieendowment.org/2013/10/24/indonesia-s-political-parties-pub-53414#PKB
2. https://carnegieendowment.org/2013/10/24/indonesia-s-political-parties-pub-53414#PKB
3. https://australiaindonesiacentre.org/commentary/guide-to-the-2019-indonesian-elections-a-little-psephology/
4. Al-Hamdi, Ridho. (2017). Moving towards a Normalised Path: Political Islam in Contemporary Indonesia. JURNAL STUDI PEMERINTAHAN (JOURNAL OF GOVERNMENT & POLITICS). Vol. 8 No. 1, February 2017. p.52, pp.56, p.62.
5. Al-Hamdi, Ridho. (2013). Partai politik Islam: Teori dan praktik di Indonesia. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu.
6. Evans, Kevin Raymond. (2003). The history of political parties and general elections in Indonesia. Jakarta: Arise Consultancies.
7. Evans, Kevin R (2003). The history of political parties & general elections in Indonesia. Jakarta: Arise Consultancies.
8. "Democratic Party controls 26% of parliamentary seats". Jakarta Post. 10 May 2009. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016.
9. "KPU Ubah Perolehan Kursi Parpol di DPR (KPU Changes Allocations of Parties' seats in the DPR)". Indonesian General Election Commission (in Indonesian). 14 May 2009. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014.
10. "Pemilu 2014, PKB Usung Platform dan Visi Kerakyatan". PKB official site (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 2018-05-04. Retrieved 2017-02-04.
11. "Pemilu 1999 - KPU" (in Indonesian). Komisi Pemilihan Umum Republik Indonesia. 21 February 2008. Retrieved 1 August 2018.
12. "Bab V - Hasil Pemilu - KPU" (PDF) (in Indonesian). Komisi Pemilihan Umum Republik Indonesia. Retrieved 1 August 2018.
13. "KPU sahkan hasil pemilu, PDIP nomor satu" (in Indonesian). BBC. 10 May 2014. Retrieved 1 August 2018.
14. Zunita Putri (21 May 2019). "KPU Tetapkan Hasil Pileg 2019: PDIP Juara, Disusul Gerindra-Golkar". Detik.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 31 May 2019.
15. "Jokowi dan JK daftar ke KPU" (in Indonesian). BBC. 19 May 2014. Retrieved 1 August 2018.