Bruay-sur-l'Escaut

Bruay-sur-l'Escaut is a commune in the Nord department in northern France.

Bruay-sur-l’Escaut
Commune
The town hall in Bruay-sur-l'Escaut
Coat of arms
Location of Bruay-sur-l’Escaut
Bruay-sur-l’Escaut
Bruay-sur-l’Escaut
Coordinates: 50°23′56″N 3°32′25″E
CountryFrance
RegionHauts-de-France
DepartmentNord
ArrondissementValenciennes
CantonAnzin
IntercommunalityCommunauté d'agglomération Valenciennes Métropole
Government
 • Mayor (2014-2020) Sylvia Duhamel
Area
1
6.7 km2 (2.6 sq mi)
Population
 (2017-01-01)[1]
11,449
 • Density1,700/km2 (4,400/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
59112 /59860
Elevation17–34 m (56–112 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Geography

Bruay-sur-l'Escaut is 6 km north of Valenciennes on the left bank of the river Scheldt (French: Escaut): Bruay-sur-l'Escaut = Bruay on the Scheldt. It is 12 km from the Belgian border at Quiévrain.

Name of the commune

Named Bruail, Brueil, Bruel, Bruech in the Middle Ages and Bruay afterwards. In 1902 the name was changed to Bruay-sur-l'Escaut in order to avoid confusion with Bruay-la-Buissière in Pas-de-Calais.

Quarters
  • Bruay centre
  • Thiers
  • Le Pinson
  • Les Hauts Champs
  • Le Pont de Bruay
  • Le Fruitier
  • Le Rivage
  • La Folie
  • La Baillette
  • Les Ruelles
  • Le Point du Jour

Population
Historical population
YearPop.±%
1800 1,160—    
1806 1,437+23.9%
1821 1,716+19.4%
1831 1,907+11.1%
1836 1,966+3.1%
1841 2,089+6.3%
1846 2,320+11.1%
1851 2,463+6.2%
1856 2,635+7.0%
1861 3,060+16.1%
1866 3,251+6.2%
1872 3,870+19.0%
1876 4,392+13.5%
1881 4,549+3.6%
1886 4,778+5.0%
1891 4,934+3.3%
1896 6,053+22.7%
1901 7,095+17.2%
1906 7,482+5.5%
1911 7,840+4.8%
1921 7,330−6.5%
1926 9,042+23.4%
1931 9,411+4.1%
1936 9,144−2.8%
1946 9,431+3.1%
1954 10,493+11.3%
1962 12,168+16.0%
1968 12,546+3.1%
1975 12,207−2.7%
1982 11,810−3.3%
1990 11,771−0.3%
1999 11,828+0.5%
2006 11,551−2.3%
2009 12,238+5.9%
2011 12,122−0.9%
2015 11,643−4.0%

Heraldry
Arms of Bruay-sur-l'Escaut
 The arms of Bruay-sur-l'Escaut are blazoned :
Per fess 1: quarterly Or and Or, 4 lions sable, gules, gules, and sable; 2: Azure, 3 ducks argent.

Economy

At 19th century there are 1300 inhabitants in Bruay, they worked in foundries and glasswares. In Starting from 1856, the inhabitants exploit the subterranean coal veins with a coalmine sunk by the Coalmines Compagny of Anzin ( in French : Compagnie des mines d'Anzin). Afterwards, some houses built and alien labour forces from Belgium recruited, the population of Bruay open out to 6000 inhabitants, some breweries and ironmongeries created, today disappeared.

The mine of Thiers

In 1728, industry, greedy for combustibles, used up all the forest wood around Bruay. Some drilling to find a coal veins was attempted. The Lagrance coalmine, with low firedamp and a shaft with a depth of 139 metres, created in 1858. Some quicksands and water who invaded the building site ( 45 cubic metres per second), retarded the workers pending the coalmine construction. The name of the coalmine, Lagrange, descend of the baron Lagrange 's name, who was la Compagnie des mines d'Anzin manager. Starting from 1871 to 1873 the compagny created coalmine houses city around the coalmine (coron in French) to loge the coalmine labour workers. On October 10, 1918 the German soldiers dynamited the coal mine, the water invaded the galleries and the production has been stopped. The exploitation will go back to work in 1919. At this date, a coke firme and generating station created. The coalmine has been closed in 1954. The slag heap, rich in schiste, has been used for the construction of the A2 motorway ( autoroute A2 in French) in 1970 and the easel has been disassembled.

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See also

References
  1. "Populations légales 2017". INSEE. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
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