Thunnosauria

Thunnosauria (Greek for "tuna lizard" - thunnos meaning "tuna" and sauros meaning "lizard") is an extinct clade of parvipelvian ichthyosaurs from the Early Jurassic to the early Late Cretaceous (Hettangian - Cenomanian) of Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America. Named by Ryosuke Motani in 1999, it contains the basal taxa Ichthyosaurus and Stenopterygius and the family Ophthalmosauridae. In thunnosaurs, the fore fin is at least twice as long as the hind fin.[1][2]

Thunnosaurians
Temporal range: Early Jurassic-Late Cretaceous, 199.6–93.5 Ma
Ichthyosaurus breviceps fossil
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: †Ichthyosauria
Node: †Neoichthyosauria
Node: †Thunnosauria
Motani, 1999
Subgroups

Phylogeny

Thunnosauria is a node-based taxon defined in 1999 as "the last common ancestor of Ichthyosaurus communis and Stenopterygius quadriscissus and all of its descendants".[1] The cladogram below follows the topology from a 2010 analysis by Patrick S. Druckenmiller and Erin E. Maxwell.[3]

Thunnosauria 
 

Ichthyosaurus

 
 
 

Stenopterygius

 
 
 

"Ophthalmosaurus" natans

 
 Ophthalmosauridae 
 
 

Aegirosaurus

 
 

Ophthalmosaurus

 
 
 
 

Mollesaurus

 
 
 

Athabascasaurus

 
 
 

Brachypterygius

 
 
 

Arthropterygius

 
 

Caypullisaurus

 
 

"Platypterygius" hercynicus

 
 

"Platypterygius" australis

 
 

Platypterygius

 
 
 

Maiaspondylus

 
 

"Platypterygius" americanus

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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References
  1. Ryosuke Motani (1999). "Phylogeny of the Ichthyopterygia" (PDF). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 19 (3): 472–495. doi:10.1080/02724634.1999.10011160.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  2. Michael W. Maisch and Andreas T. Matzke (2000). "The Ichthyosauria" (PDF). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde: Serie B. 298: 1–159.
  3. Patrick S. Druckenmiller and Erin E. Maxwell (2010). "A new Lower Cretaceous (lower Albian) ichthyosaur genus from the Clearwater Formation, Alberta, Canada". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 47 (8): 1037–1053. doi:10.1139/E10-028.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)


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