August 1912

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August 7, 1912: Victor Hess (center) discovers cosmic rays
August 17, 1912: Legendary lawyer Clarence Darrow acquitted of criminal charges
August 12, 1912: Yusuf becomes new Sultan of Morocco as brother flees
August 11, 1912: Baseball legend Ty Cobb claims to have "killed a man" in Detroit

The following events occurred in August 1912:

August 1, 1912 (Thursday)

Alfred Cunningham USMC

August 2, 1912 (Friday)

August 3, 1912 (Saturday)

  • "Baby Seals Blues" was published in the form of sheet music; according to historian Rudi Blesh, the song by Arthur "Baby" Seales was the first blues song to use the word "blues" in its title, with "Dallas Blues" appearing the next month on September 28, while other sources describe "Dallas Blues" as having been introduced in March 1912.[8]
  • An attack by soldiers of Montenegro, against a Turkish border post, killed 30 Turks and 12 Montenegrins.[3]

August 4, 1912 (Sunday)

August 5, 1912 (Monday)

  • In Chicago, the Progressive Party, nicknamed the "Bull Moose" Party to rival the Republican elephant and Democrat donkey, called itself to order as its founding convention opened at noon.[14]

August 6, 1912 (Tuesday)

August 7, 1912 (Wednesday)

  • Physicist Victor Francis Hess of the Institute for Radium Research in Vienna, became the first person to discover cosmic rays. Hoping to build upon the research of Theodor Wulf, who had found that radioactive emission from Earth decreased measurably at higher altitudes, Hess sought to measure the decrease by venturing to greater heights in a balloon. On his seventh flight, he lifted off with a pilot and a meteorologist from Aussig (now Ústí nad Labem in the Czech Republic). To his surprise, the electroscopes on his balloon began measuring an increase in radiation at 5,350 feet, after a steady decrease during the ascent, and at 15,000 feet the amount doubled, showing that penetrating radiation was entering the atmosphere from a source other than the Sun.[17] Hess called the rays Höhenstrahlung, or radiation from above.[18]
  • The Progressive Party nominated Theodore Roosevelt as its candidate for President of the United States and California Governor Hiram Johnson for vice-president.[19]
  • Three employees of the Union American Cigar Company at 28th and Smallman in Pittsburgh were killed, and 12 seriously injured, after a 24-ton water tank fell through the roof and the sixth floor, then into the fifth.[20]
  • Woodrow Wilson accepted the Democratic nomination for president, which had offered the previous month at the convention in Baltimore. The New Jersey Governor spoke at his home in Sea Girt, New Jersey, before a group of other Democrats who were state governors, and a crowd of 6,000 supporters.[21] New technology was used to capture the moment on phonographic records and films, so that American voters could see and hear the candidate.[22]
  • Died: François-Alphonse Forel, 71, Swiss biologist, credited for the creation of limnology, the study of the ecology of freshwater lakes (b. 1841)

August 8, 1912 (Thursday)

President Leconte
Pope Pius X

August 9, 1912 (Friday)

August 10, 1912 (Saturday)

August 11, 1912 (Sunday)

  • Major league baseball star Ty Cobb was in Detroit when he was jumped by three hoodlums while on his way to catch a train to Syracuse, New York, to appear for the Detroit Tigers in an exhibition game against the minor league Syracuse Stars, and cut on the back by a knife.[34] He played the next day while wearing "a blood-soaked, makeshift bandage", and would later tell biographer Al Stump that he had beaten one of his attackers to death.[35] However, lawyer and baseball fan Doug Roberts researched coroner records and press reports, and found no record of a body being found with head trauma during the summer of 1912, nor of mention in the Detroit newspapers, although Cobb was treated for a half inch long knife wound.[36]
  • An attack by Zapatista rebels on a train near Mexico City killed 35 soldiers and 20 civilians.[3]
  • Born:

August 12, 1912 (Monday)

August 13, 1912 (Tuesday)

August 14, 1912 (Wednesday)

August 15, 1912 (Thursday)

August 16, 1912 (Friday)

August 17, 1912 (Saturday)

August 18, 1912 (Sunday)

August 19, 1912 (Monday)

August 20, 1912 (Tuesday)

August 21, 1912 (Wednesday)

August 22, 1912 (Thursday)

August 23, 1912 (Friday)

  • Four-year-old Bobby Dunbar disappeared while his parents were on a fishing trip to a lake near their home in Opelousas, Louisiana. After an eight-month search by Bobby's father, police in Mississippi would announce that they had found the child under the care of handyman William Cantwell Walters, who said that he had been entrusted to take care of Bruce Anderson by Bruce's mother. In a dispute between the Dunbars and Mrs. Anderson, a court would award the boy to the Dunbars, while Walters would be convicted of kidnapping Bobby and serve two years before the verdict was reversed. In 2004, a DNA test would show that Walters had been right and that the child returned to the Dunbars had not been Bobby. It was presumed that the child raised by the Dunbars had been Bruce Anderson, who lived until 1966, and that Bobby Dunbar had died more than 91 years earlier.[61]
  • The Pure Food and Drug Act was amended to prohibit drug manufacturers from making false claims on the labels of medication.[62]
  • Sir Hugh Clifford was appointed Governor of the Gold Coast (now Ghana).[3]
  • Bandar Abbas in Persia (now Iran) was attacked by rebels.[3]
  • Born:

August 24, 1912 (Saturday)

  • The Panama Canal bill was signed into law, providing that, on the opening of the Canal in 1914, "no tolls shall be levied upon vessels engaged in the coastwise trade of the United States". The discrimination in favor of American vessels would be repealed on June 15, 1914.[63]
  • The Lloyd–La Follette Act was passed, amending the U.S. Post Office Appropriations Act by prohibiting federal employees from being removed except for inefficiency, and not without written notice or a right to appeal.[64]
  • Alaska was made a U.S. territory by passage of the Second Organic Act, and given limited self-government. The U.S. government still controlled Alaska's natural resources. Although an elected Territorial Legislature was created, it could not pass any laws related to fishing, wildlife, soil, divorce, gambling or liquor.[65]
  • The collier USS Jupiter, first electrically propelled ship in the United States Navy, was launched. In 1922, after being decommissioned and refurbished, it would be commissioned as the first American aircraft carrier, the USS Langley.[66]
  • Serbians were massacred at Sjenica by Turkish troops in what is now Serbia.[67]
  • A native uprising at East Timor was put down by Portuguese troops.[3]
  • Born: Essie Summers, New Zealand romance writer, author of close to 60 novels, in Christchurch (d. 1998)

August 25, 1912 (Sunday)

Kuomintang emblem

August 26, 1912 (Monday)

August 27, 1912 (Tuesday)

August 28, 1912 (Wednesday)

Brusilov

August 29, 1912 (Thursday)

August 30, 1912 (Friday)

August 31, 1912 (Saturday)

gollark: Wait, is this with a *specific* esolang?
gollark: Just make a language for you to solve the problem in.
gollark: Embedded HQ9+ with game of life WHEN?
gollark: the game of john conway's game of life?
gollark: ++delete all programming not done in Embedded HQ9+, PHP or MUMPS

References

  1. Edwin H. Simmons, The United States Marines: A History (Naval Institute Press, 2003) p. 87
  2. David John Lu, Japan: A Documentary History (Volume 2) (M.E. Sharpe, 1997) p389
  3. The Britannica Year-Book 1913: A Survey of the World's Progress Since the Completion in 1910 of the Encyclopædia Britannica (Encyclopædia Britannica, 1913) pp. xxxiii-xxxvi
  4. "Roosevelt Men Bar Southern Negroes", New York Times, August 2, 1912; "Roosevelt Insists He's Negro's Friend", New York Times, August 3, 1912
  5. "Turks Slew 140 Bulgarians", New York Times, August 11, 1912
  6. "Warning to Powers Adopted by Senate", New York Times, August 3, 1912, p. 2
  7. "Rush Gunboat to Nicaragua", New York Times, August 3, 1912
  8. Robert G. O'Meally, The Jazz Cadence of American Culture (Columbia University Press, 1998) p. 28
  9. "An American Force Lands in Nicaragua", New York Times, August 6, 1912
  10. Robert T. Davis, United States Foreign Policy and National Security (ABC-CLIO, 2010) p. 32
  11. "Young Turks Fall; Leaders Fear Jail", New York Times, August 6, 1912
  12. "Nine Boy Scouts Drown", New York Times, August 5, 1912
  13. Robert MacDonald, Sons of the Empire (University of Toronto Press, 2011) pp. 176-177
  14. "Call New Party Into Life To-day", New York Times, August 5, 1912
  15. "Roosevelt's Own Creed Set Forth", New York Times, August 7, 1912
  16. "Watch factory goes a-beggin". Manistee Daily News. August 6, 1912.
  17. Robert P. Crease and Charles C. Mann, The Second Creation: Makers of the Revolution in Twentieth-Century Physics (Rutgers University Press, 1996) pp. 148-149
  18. Marcia Bartusiak, Archives of the Universe: 100 Discoveries That Transformed Our Understanding of the Cosmos (Random House Digital, 2006) p. 279
  19. "Roosevelt Named Shows Emotion", New York Times, August 8, 1912
  20. "Girls Killed at Work- Heavy Water Tank Crashes Through Roof of Pittsburgh Factory", New York Times, August 8, 1912, p. 2
  21. "Thousands Hear Wilson Accept", New York Times, August 8, 1912
  22. "Phonograph to Give Wilson to All of Us", ", New York Times, August 9, 1912
  23. "103 German Miners Killed", New York Times, August 9, 1912
  24. "Explosion Kills Haitian President", New York Times, August 9, 1912
  25. "Kaiser Praises the Krupps", New York Times, August 9, 1912
  26. "Earthquake Kills Hundreds of Turks", New York Times, August 11, 1912; "Earthquake Killed 3,000", New York Times, August 18, 1912
  27. "Earthquake Upsets a Lamp", New York Times, August 10, 1912
  28. Kristen P. Williams, Despite Nationalist Conflicts: Theory and Practice of Maintaining World Peace (Greenwood Publishing Group, 2001) p. 124
  29. "Senate, by 47 to 15, Passes Canal Bill", New York Times, August 10, 1912
  30. Kazuko Ono, Chinese Women in a Century of Revolution, 1850-1950 (Stanford University Press, 1989) p. 87
  31. Panthea Reid, Art and Affection: A Life of Virginia Woolf (Oxford University Press, 1996) p. 136
  32. "Sharon, Pennsylvania". BR Bullpen. Retrieved 4 March 2020.
  33. Holl, Jim. "Ohio–Pennsylvania League of 1905". Society for American Baseball Research. Archived from the original on November 7, 2003. Retrieved 2007-03-04.
  34. "Cobb Helps Tigers Beat Syracuse", New York Times, August 13, 1912
  35. Al Stump, Cobb: A Biography (Algonquin Books, 1994) pp. 11-12
  36. Sean Peter Kirst, The Ashes of Lou Gehrig and Other Baseball Essays (McFarland, 2003) pp. 13-18
  37. "Polio victim's life honored with scholarship", by Wayne Quesenberry, Wytheville (VA) Enterprise, August 8, 2012
  38. "Morocco's Sultan Will Abdicate", New York Times, August 12, 1912
  39. Thammy Evans, Macedonia (Bradt Travel Guides, 2010) p. 118
  40. Marcel Haas, Russian Security and Air Power, 1992-2002 (Frank Cass, 2004) p. 106
  41. Stuart Oderman, Roscoe "Fatty" Arbuckle: A Biography of the Silent Film Comedian, 1887-1933 (McFarland, Jul 31, 2005) pp. 41-42
  42. "Seven Put to Death in One Hour at Sing Sing", New York Times, August 13, 1912; Scott Christianson, Condemned: Inside the Sing Sing Death House (New York University Press, 2001) p. 4
  43. Anthony J. Rudel, Hello, Everybody!: The Dawn of American Radio (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2008) pp. 16-17
  44. "200 Killed in Battle", New York Times, August 13, 1912
  45. Alisa Freedman, Tokyo in Transit: Japanese Culture on the Rails and Road (Stanford University Press, 2010) p. 285
  46. William Spence Robertson, History of the Latin-American Nations (D. Appleton and Company, 1922) p. 284
  47. "Two Generals Shot by Order of Yuan", New York Times, August 17, 1912; "Killing May End Chinese Republic", New York Times, August 19, 1912
  48. "Capt. Lord's Story Interests London", New York Times, August 18, 1912
  49. "Roosevelt Opens Campaign To-Day", New York Times, August 16, 1912, p. 4
  50. "Turks Massacre Women", New York Times, August 17, 1912
  51. "Negro Murderess Executed", New York Times, August 17, 1912
  52. "Darrow Acquitted; May Be Tried Again", New York Times, August 18, 1912
  53. A. Tom Grunfeld, The Making of Modern Tibet (M.E. Sharpe, 1996) p. 66; "China Cannot Have Tibet, Says Britain", New York Times, August 30, 1912
  54. Anna Di Lellio, The Case for Kosova: Passage to Independence (Anthem Press, 2006) p. 55
  55. "East Liverpool Potters". BR Bullpen. Retrieved 4 March 2020.
  56. Holl, Jim. "Ohio–Pennsylvania League of 1905". Society for American Baseball Research. Archived from the original on November 7, 2003. Retrieved 2007-03-04.
  57. Mark L. Winston, Nature Wars: People Vs. Pests (Harvard University Press, 1997) p. 27
  58. "Becker Indicted With Six Others; Jury Applauds", New York Times, August 21, 1912
  59. "Frenchmen in Moors' Hands", New York Times, August 26, 1912
  60. Thomas K. Park and Aomar Boum, Historical Dictionary of Morocco (Scarecrow Press, 2006) p. 153
  61. "Anniversary: The Strange Case of Bobby Dunbar", by Jeff Baker in The Old Farmer's Almanac 2012 (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2011); "DNA clears man of 1914 kidnapping conviction", USA Today, May 5, 2004
  62. W. Steven Pray, A History of Nonprescription Product Regulation (Haworth Press, 2003) p. 52
  63. J. H. W. Verzijl, International Law in Historical Perspective: State Territory (Brill Archive, 1970) p. 236
  64. Ronald N. Johnson and Gary D. Libecap, The Federal Civil Service System and the Problem of Bureaucracy: The Economics and Politics of Institutional Change (University of Chicago Press, 1994) p. 80
  65. Ryan Madden, On-the-Road Histories: Alaska (Interlink Books, 2005) p. 131
  66. Kermit "Kit" Bonner, Final Voyages (Turner Publishing Company, 1997) p. 175
  67. "Massacre by Turks Inflames Servia", New York Times, August 26, 1912
  68. Suisheng Zhao, A Nation-State by Construction: Dynamics of Modern Chinese Nationalism (Stanford University Press, 2004) p. 81
  69. Patrick Robertson, Robertson's Book of Firsts: Who Did What for the First Time (Bloomsbury Publishing USA, 2011)
  70. JR East Station information
  71. Garnet Basque, Ghost Towns & Mining Camps of the Boundary Country (Heritage House Publishing, 2007) p/ 122
  72. Ted Leavengood, Clark Griffith: The Old Fox of Washington Baseball (McFarland, 2011) p. 98
  73. Wright-Brothers.com
  74. James Z. Gao, Historical Dictionary of Modern China (1800-1949) (Scarecrow Press, 2009) p. 119
  75. Valerian Ivanovich Alʹbanov, In the Land of White Death: An Epic Story of Survival in the Siberian Arctic (Random House Digital, 2000, with introduction by David Roberts)
  76. "Russia finds last-days log of famed 1912 Arctic expedition", Agence France-Presse, September 13, 2010
  77. John Mason Hart, Empire And Revolution: The Americans in Mexico Since the Civil War (University of California Press, 2006) p. 290
  78. William Spence Robertson, History of the Latin-American Nations (D. Appleton and Company, 1922) p. 399
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