A1(M) motorway

A1(M) is the designation given to a series of four separate motorway sections in England. Each section is an upgrade to a section of the A1, a major north–south road, which connects London, the capital of England, with Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. The first section, the Doncaster Bypass, opened in 1961 and is one of the oldest sections of motorway in Britain.[1] Construction of a new section of A1(M) between Leeming and Barton was completed on 29 March 2018, a year later than the anticipated opening in 2017 due to extensive archaeological excavations. Its completion linked the Barton to Washington section with the Darrington to Leeming Bar section, forming the longest A1(M) section overall and reducing the number of sections from five to four.

The four sections of the A1(M) highlighted against the other UK motorways

Looking northwards at Washington Services as the A1(M) approaches Junction 65

There has been a proposal to renumber the section of A1(M) to M1 between Micklefield and Washington, making this section a northern extension of the M1.[2]

Overview

Most of the English section of the A1 is a series of alternating sections of primary route, dual carriageway and motorway. From Newcastle upon Tyne to Edinburgh it is a trunk road with alternating sections of dual and single carriageway. The table below summarises the road as motorway and non-motorway sections.[3] The non-motorway sections do not have junction numbers.

Road Name	Junctions	Length		Ceremonial counties/ Lieutenancies	Primary destinations
		miles	km
A1		16.58	26.68	London Hertfordshire	London
A1(M)	1–10	24.14	38.84	Hertfordshire	Hertford Stevenage
A1		26.25	42.24	Hertfordshire, Bedfordshire Cambridgeshire	Bedford, Cambridge, Huntingdon
A1(M)	13–17	12.84	20.66	Cambridgeshire	Peterborough
A1		72.99	117.44	Cambridgeshire, Rutland Lincolnshire, Nottinghamshire	Stamford, Grantham Newark on Trent
A1(M)	34–38	15.13	24.34	South Yorkshire	Worksop, Blyth, Doncaster, Rotherham, Barnsley
A1		7.51	12.08	South Yorkshire West Yorkshire	Pontefract, Castleford, Wakefield
A1(M)	40–65	93.27	150.10	West Yorkshire North Yorkshire County Durham Tyne and Wear	Selby, Leeds, York, Wetherby, Harrogate, Thirsk, Ripon, Catterick, Richmond, Scotch Corner, Darlington, Teesside, Bishop Auckland, Durham, Chester-le-Street, Stanley, Beamish, Birtley, Washington (Sunderland), Gateshead
A1		128.29	206.42	Northumberland, Berwickshire East Lothian, Edinburgh	Gateshead, Blaydon, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Cramlington, Morpeth, Alnwick, Belford, Lindisfarne, Berwick-upon-Tweed, Eyemouth, Dunbar, Haddington, Tranent, Prestonpans, Musselburgh, Edinburgh
		397.00	638.78

From London to Sunderland, 123.33 miles of the route are non-motorway while the remaining 145.38 miles are to motorway standards.

The motorway sections are discussed below.

South Mimms to Stotfold

A1(M)
Route information
Part of E15
Length	24 mi (39 km)
Existed	1962–present
History	Constructed 1962–1986
Major junctions
North end	South Mimms
South end	Stotfold
Location
Primary destinations	Hatfield, Welwyn Garden City, Stevenage, Hitchin, Letchworth
Road network
Roads in the United Kingdom Motorways A and B road zones

The northern portal of the Hatfield Tunnel

This section opened in stages:

• Junctions 1 to 2 opened in 1979
• Junctions 2 to 4 opened in 1986
• Junctions 4 to 6 opened in 1973
• Junctions 6 to 8 opened in 1962
• Junctions 8 to 10 opened in 1967

Junctions

A1(M) motorway junctions
km	Southbound exits (B carriageway)	Junction	Northbound exits (A carriageway)
	Road continues as A1 to Central London	J1 Services	M25 (M1) Watford, Stansted , Potters Bar, South Mimms Services Non-motorway traffic
	M25 (M1) Heathrow , Watford, Stansted , Potters Bar Barnet A1081 South Mimms services		Start of motorway
	No Exit (Access slip road only)	J2	Welham Green A1001
	St Albans A414 Welham Green A1001	J3	St Albans A414 Hatfield A1001
	Hatfield Tunnel	Tunnel	Hatfield Tunnel
	Hertford A414 Hatfield A1001 Welwyn Garden City A6129	J4	Hertford A414 Welwyn Garden City A6129
	No Access or Exit	J5	No Exit (Access slip road only)
	Welwyn Garden City, Welwyn A1000	J6	Welwyn A1000
	Ware, Stevenage A602	J7	Stevenage A602
	Hitchin Stevenage (N) A602	J8	Hitchin Stevenage (N) A602
	Letchworth, Baldock A505	J9	Baldock, Letchworth A505
	Start of motorway	J10 Services	Stotfold, Shefford A507 Baldock services
	Baldock, Stotfold A507 Baldock Services Non-Motorway Traffic		Road continues as A1 to Alconbury The NORTH, Peterborough A1

Alconbury to Peterborough

A1(M)
Route information
Part of E15
Length	13 mi (21 km)
Existed	1998–present
Major junctions
North end	Orton Southgate
South end	Alconbury
Location
Primary destinations	Peterborough
Road network
Roads in the United Kingdom Motorways A and B road zones

A1(M) southbound at Sawtry.

This section which runs through the Cambridgeshire countryside between Alconbury and Peterborough first opened in 1998 and was officially opened by Lord Whitty on 31 October and is the most isolated of the motorway sections as it connects with no other motorway and is designed to a noticeably high standard, eight miles of it being four lanes from Junction 14 at Alconbury to Junction 16 at Norman Cross in each direction whilst the remainder has three lanes in each direction. It is managed by Road Management Services (Peterborough) Ltd under a DBFO contract with the Highways Agency.[4]

Junctions

A1(M) motorway junctions
km	Southbound exits (B carriageway)	Junction	Northbound exits (A carriageway)
	No Exit (Access slip road only) Road continues as A1 to Stotfold London (C & W) A1	J14	The Alconburys, The Stukeleys B1043 Non-motorway traffic
	London (E), Huntingdon, Cambridge Stansted A14, (M11)		Start of motorway No Access to A14
	Sawtry B1043	J15	Sawtry B1043 Ramsey (B660)
	Yaxley A15 Stilton (B1043) Ramsey (B660)	J16	Yaxley A15 Stilton (B1043)
	Start of motorway	J17 Services	Peterborough A1139 Wisbech (A47) Northampton, Oundle A605 Peterborough services
	Peterborough A1139 Wisbech (A47) Northampton, Oundle A605 Peterborough services Non-motorway traffic		Road continues as A1 to Doncaster The NORTH, Stamford A1

Doncaster By-Pass (Blyth to Skellow)

A1(M)
Route information
Part of E15
Length	15.2 mi (24.5 km)
Existed	1961–present
Major junctions
North end	Red House, near Skellow
South end	Blyth
Location
Primary destinations	Doncaster, Wakefield, Rotherham, Barnsley
Road network
Roads in the United Kingdom Motorways A and B road zones

This fifteen mile section which runs from Skellow in South Yorkshire to Blyth in the far north of Nottinghamshire first opened in 1961 and was one of the very first sections of motorway to be built in Britain; it is entirely two lanes in each direction.

Junctions

Data from driver location signs are used to provide distance and carriageway identifier information.[5]

A1(M) motorway junctions
km	Southbound exits (B carriageway)	Junction	Northbound exits (A carriageway)
0.0	Road continues as A1 to Peterborough The SOUTH, Newark A1 Nottingham (A614)	J34 Services	Bawtry A614 Doncaster Sheffield Non-motorway traffic Blyth services
	Bawtry A614 Gainsborough (A631) Doncaster Sheffield Blyth services		Start of motorway
12.0	M18 Sheffield (M1) Scunthorpe (M180) Doncaster Sheffield	J35	Doncaster M18 Sheffield (M1) Scunthorpe (M180) Hull (M62)
14.9	Rotherham, Doncaster A630	J36	Rotherham, Doncaster A630
20.3	Doncaster, Barnsley A635	J37	Doncaster, Barnsley A635
24.4	Start of motorway	J38	Wakefield A638
	Doncaster, Wakefield A638 Non-motorway traffic		Road continues as A1 to Darrington The NORTH A1 Leeds (M62)

Skellow to Darrington (proposed)

There are proposals in place to upgrade the Skellow to Darrington section of the A1 to motorway, meaning the entire stretch of A1 from Blyth in Nottinghamshire to Washington in Tyne and Wear will be motorway-standard road.[6]

Darrington to Washington

A1(M)
Route information
Part of E15
Length	98.6 mi (158.7 km)
Existed	1965–present
History	Constructed 1965–2018
Major junctions
North end	Darrington
	J41 → M62 motorway J43 → M1 motorway J57 → A66(M) motorway J65 → A194(M) motorway
South end	Birtley
Location
Primary destinations	Wetherby, Knaresborough, Ripon, Catterick, Scotch Corner, Darlington, Newton Aycliffe, Durham, Houghton le Spring, Chester-le-Street, Washington Road network
Road network
Roads in the United Kingdom Motorways A and B road zones

Wetherby Services on the A1(M).

This section opened in sections:

• Walshford to 49 opened in 1995
• Junctions 43 to 44 opened in 1999

When this section opened it ended at a temporary terminus south of the M1. There was a final exit into Micklefield Village for non-motorway traffic onto what is now the access road. During the first week of June 2009, Junctions 44 and 45 were renumbered to 43 and 44. At the same time the existing A1/A659 Grange Moor junction became A1(M) Junction 45.[7] As a result many atlases show incorrect junction numbering for this stretch of motorway.

• Junction 46 to temporary junction at Walshford opened in 2005[8]
• Junction 40 to south of 43 opened in 2005 & 2006

The northern section of the upgrade, bypassing Fairburn village, opened to traffic in April 2005 with a temporary connection with the existing A1 between Fairburn and Brotherton. The southern section, with a free-flow interchange with the M62 motorway, opened to traffic on 13 January 2006.

• Junctions 44 to 46 opened in 2009[9]
• Junctions 49 to 51 opened in 2011 & 2012

Work began in March 2009 to upgrade the Dishforth to Leeming section to dual 3-lane motorway standard with existing connections being replaced by two new junctions. The Dishforth to Baldersby Section (J49 to J50) was completed in October 2011[10] and the Baldersby to Leeming section (J50 to J51) was opened to traffic on 31 March 2012.

• Junctions 51 to 56 opened in 2017 & 2018 - there are no junctions 54 and 55

Work on upgrading the Leeming Bar to Barton section to three-lane motorway began in April 2014. Work was expected to be completed by summer 2017.[11] In early 2017, the Highways Agency announced that the full opening would be delayed until December 2017.[12] In the end, the motorway opened up on 29 March 2018, making the A1 continuous motorway standard from Darrington, West Yorkshire, to Washington, Tyne and Wear, though residual works were still to be completed.[13]

• Junctions 56 to 59 opened in 1965
• Junctions 59 to 63 opened in 1969
• Junctions 63 to 65 opened in 1970

Junctions

Data from driver location signs are used to provide distance and carriageway identifier information.[5]

A1(M) motorway junctions
km	Southbound exits (B carriageway)	Junction	Northbound exits (A carriageway)
36.5	Road continues as A1 to Doncaster The SOUTH A1 Doncaster (A638)	J40	Hull (M62) Pontefract A162 (A645) Non-motorway traffic Ferrybridge services
	No access (on-ramp only)		Start of motorway
41.1	Hull, Manchester M62 Ferrybridge services	J41	Manchester, Leeds M62
46.7	Leeds, Selby A63	J42	Leeds, Selby A63
	London, Leeds M1 Manchester (M62)	J43	No access (on-ramp only)
55.3	York, Leeds (N) A64	J44	Leeds, York A64
57.2	Wetherby A168 Otley A659	J45	Wetherby A168 Otley A659
	York, Wetherby B1224 Wetherby services	J46 Services	Wetherby, York B1224 Wetherby services
79.3	York, Knaresborough, Harrogate, Leeds/Bradford A59	J47	Knaresborough, Harrogate, Leeds/Bradford , York A59
86.3	Boroughbridge A6055	J48	Boroughbridge A6055 Ripon (B6265) Dishforth A168
95.2	Thirsk A168 Teesside (A19)	J49	Thirsk A168 Teesside (A19)
102.8	Ripon, Thirsk A61	J50	Ripon, Thirsk A61
119.9	Northallerton, Leyburn A684 Bedale (B6285)	J51	Northallerton, Bedale A6055 (A684)
	Catterick A6055 (A6136)	J52	Catterick A6055 (A6136)
	Richmond A6055 (A6108) Penrith, Brough A66 Scotch Corner services	J53	Richmond A6055 (A6108) Penrith, Brough A66 Scotch Corner services
	Piercebridge B6275 Barton	J56	Piercebridge B6275 Barton
	No access (on-ramp only)	J57	Darlington, Teesside, Teesside A66(M)
	Corbridge, Darlington A68	J58	Darlington, Bishop Auckland, Corbridge A68
	Newton Aycliffe, Darlington A167	J59	Newton Aycliffe A167
	Bishop Auckland, Hartlepool, Teesside A689	J60	Bishop Auckland, Hartlepool, Teesside A689
	Spennymoor, Bishop Auckland A688 Peterlee A177 Durham services	J61 Services	Spennymoor A688 Peterlee A177 Durham services
	Sunderland, Durham A690 Consett (A691)	J62	Sunderland, Durham A690 Consett (A691)
	Chester-le-Street A167 Stanley A693	J63	Chester-le-Street A167 Stanley A693
	Washington (S) A195	J64	Washington, Birtley A195
	Washington services	Services	Washington services
	Start of motorway	J65	Tyne Tunnel, South Shields A194(M)
	Sunderland, Washington A1231 Non-motorway traffic		Road continues as A1 to Edinburgh Newcastle, Gateshead A1

References

1. "The Motorway Archive. Oldest, widest, longest, highest". ciht.org.uk. 2008. Archived from the original on 22 January 2010. Retrieved 28 July 2011.
2. "Renaming A1(m) to M1". The Northern Echo. Retrieved 12 June 2017.
3. The table was drawn up by reading values from the AA Route Planner for the journey Bank of England, London to Waverley Station, Edinburgh via Wittering. Adjustments were made for sections of the route that were not part of the A1."Route planner". AA. Archived from the original on 31 January 2011. Retrieved 15 January 2011.
4. "A1(M) Alconbury to Peterborough Design, Build, Finance and Operate (DBFO) contract". Archived from the original on 12 July 2012. Retrieved 29 June 2012.
5. "Traffic England Live Traffic Condition Map". Locations extracted from Traffic Camera Popup identifier text. Highways Agency. p. 1. Archived from the original on 10 February 2012. Retrieved 17 July 2010.
6. "Road investment strategy: north east and Yorkshire, 1 December 2014".
7. "A1(M) Bramham to Wetherby". Highways Authority. Archived from the original on 27 June 2010. Retrieved 17 July 2010.
8. "A1(M) Wetherby to Walshford". Highways Agency. Archived from the original on 30 August 2008. Retrieved 6 August 2008.
9. "A1(M) Bramham to Wetherby". Highways Agency. Archived from the original on 20 August 2008. Retrieved 6 August 2008.
10. "A1 Dishforth to Leeming Improvement Scheme (A1 Dishforth to Barton) Progress to Date". Archived from the original on 1 July 2012. Retrieved 16 May 2012.
11. "A1 Leeming to Barton Improvement". Highways Agency. Archived from the original on 30 April 2014. Retrieved 24 April 2014.
12. Copeland, Alexa (14 April 2017). "Further six months of roadworks". Darlington & Stockton Times (2017–15). p. 13. ISSN 2040-3933.
13. "Hitting the open road". The Northern Echo. 30 March 2018. p. 1. ISSN 2043-0442.

External links

Template:Attached KML/A1(M) motorway

KML is from Wikidata

• CBRD Motorway Database – A1(M)
• The Motorway Archive (A1(M))
  • Junctions 1 to 10 & 14 to 17
  • Junctions 34 to 38
  • Junctions 47 to 49
  • Junctions 56 to 59
  • Junctions 59 to 63
  • Junctions 63 to 65
• Pathetic Motorways: A1(M) Central Motorway East